美国国家公共电台 NPR--Brazil rings in the new year with a new president

Brazil rings in the new year with a new president

Transcript¹

The inauguration² of leftist Luis Inacio Lula da Silva happens Jan. 1. The former president's victory marks a sharp shift in Brazil's political trajectory³.

A MART?NEZ, HOST:

Sunday ushers⁴ in a new year and, in Brazil, a new president, too. Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva will take the oath of office in an afternoon ceremony. The leftist president-elect narrowly beat the incumbent⁵ Jair Bolsonaro, who had moved Brazil to the right. Lula was president once before in the early 2000s. And in an effort to prevent violence at the inauguration, the Supreme⁶ Court has ordered a four-day ban on firearms in the capital, Brasilia. Here's NPR's Carrie Kahn.

(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "QUEM VAI CHORAR SOU EU")

DIOGO NOGUEIRA: (Singing in Portuguese).

CARRIE KAHN, BYLINE⁷: The mood and tunes⁸ were upbeat as Rio de Janeiro's mayor Eduardo Paes hands out the millionth meal at a neighborhood samba school turned community kitchen.

EDUARDO PAES: (Speaking Portuguese).

KAHN: "It's great that the poor can get food here," says Paes. "But how absurd it is to live in a country as wealthy as Brazil and people are still going hungry," he said. More than a third of Brazilians don't have enough money to buy food now, according to the government. Incoming President Lula says he will fix that and help the poor - a pledge he reiterated⁹ on election night.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

PRESIDENT-ELECT LUIZ INACIO LULA DA SILVA: (Speaking Portuguese).

(APPLAUSE)

KAHN: "Brazil is my cause, and fighting against poverty is what I will fight for until I die," he told supporters. That was a lot easier during his first two terms in office, when his government benefited from a worldwide commodity boom. Tens of millions of Brazilians rose from poverty then. Today Brazil's economy is struggling post-pandemic. Growth next year is projected at less than 1%. And politically, he's facing a hostile Congress filled with lawmakers like Sostenes Cavalcante.

SOSTENES CAVALCANTE: (Speaking Portuguese).

KAHN: "I'm a right-wing conservative, and I have no desire to dialogue with the leftist Lula." Cavalcante was just reelected and is a leader in the now-powerful evangelical caucus¹⁰ - allies of outgoing President Jair Bolsonaro's party, which now dominates in Congress. That is going to make it difficult for Lula to pass key legislation, especially his pledge to stop deforestation in the Amazon, which grew to record levels under Bolsonaro.

(SOUNDBITE OF SHIP HORN)

KAHN: In many port towns in and around the rainforest, like this one in Tefe, merchants saw a boost economically in the last few years. Under the right-wing president, regulations were relaxed, as well as environmental protection, says dockworker Raimundo Nonato da Silva.

RAIMUNDO NONATO DA SILVA: (Speaking Portuguese).

KAHN: "I voted for Bolsonaro twice. He helped us a lot," says Nonato da Silva. He's worried business will go bust¹¹ once Lula is sworn in this Sunday.

(SOUNDBITE OF PADDLES MOVING THROUGH WATER)

KAHN: But about four hours by boat at the major tributary¹² from Tefe, fisherman Jose Evezangelo de Oliveira Silva is anxious for Lula to take power.

JOSE EVEZANGELO DE OLIVEIRA SILVA: (Speaking Portuguese).

KAHN: "Lula always talks about preserving the Amazon," he says, "and we need it." He takes stock of his catch for the day as he says his community lost government support under Bolsonaro when he cut the Amazon fund, supported by rich nations. Lula has pledged to restart it. Sao Paulo-based political scientist Guilherme Casaroes says the world is much different than the last time Lula was president, especially with the U.S. and China, both key economic partners for Brazil.

GUILHERME CASAROES: Now Lula's got to navigate¹³ a completely different situation, where China and the United States are going head-to-head, and that has the potential of making Brazil's life pretty hard.

KAHN: Lula's inauguration team says it's expecting 19 heads of state at Sunday's ceremony. The U.S. delegation¹⁴ will be led by the interior secretary.

Carrie Kahn, NPR News, Rio de Janeiro.

(SOUNDBITE OF BONOBO'S "OUTLIER")

1 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

2 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。

3 trajectory   

n.弹道，轨道

参考例句：

• It is not difficult to sketch the subsequent trajectory.很容易描绘出它们最终的轨迹。
• The path followed by a projectile is called its trajectory.抛物体所循的路径称为它的轨道。

4 ushers   

n.引座员( usher的名词复数 )；招待员；门房；助理教员v.引，领，陪同( usher的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Seats clicked, ushers bowed while he looked blandly on. 座位发出啪啦啪啦的声响，领座员朝客人们鞠躬，而他在一边温和殷勤地看着。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• The minister then offers a brief prayer of dedication, and the ushers return to their seats. 于是牧师又做了一个简短的奉献的祈祷，各招待员也各自回座位。 来自辞典例句

5 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

6 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

7 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

8 tunes   

n.曲调，曲子( tune的名词复数 )v.调音( tune的第三人称单数 )；调整；（给收音机、电视等）调谐；使协调

参考例句：

• a potpourri of tunes 乐曲集锦
• When things get a bit too much, she simply tunes out temporarily. 碰到事情太棘手时，她干脆暂时撒手不管。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 reiterated   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• "Well, I want to know about it,'she reiterated. “嗯，我一定要知道你的休假日期，"她重复说。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• Some twenty-two years later President Polk reiterated and elaborated upon these principles. 大约二十二年之后，波尔克总统重申这些原则并且刻意阐释一番。

10 caucus   

n.秘密会议；干部会议；v.（参加）干部开会议

参考例句：

• This multi-staged caucus takes several months.这个多级会议常常历时好几个月。
• It kept the Democratic caucus from fragmenting.它也使得民主党的核心小组避免了土崩瓦解的危险。

11 bust   

vt.打破；vi.爆裂；n.半身像；胸部

参考例句：

• I dropped my camera on the pavement and bust it. 我把照相机掉在人行道上摔坏了。
• She has worked up a lump of clay into a bust.她把一块黏土精心制作成一个半身像。

12 tributary   

n.支流；纳贡国；adj.附庸的；辅助的；支流的

参考例句：

• There was a tributary road near the end of the village.村的尽头有条岔道。
• As the largest tributary of Jinsha river,Yalong river is abundant in hydropower resources.雅砻江是金沙江的最大支流，水力资源十分丰富。

13 navigate   

v.航行，飞行；导航，领航

参考例句：

• He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
• Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。

14 delegation   

n.代表团；派遣

参考例句：

• The statement of our delegation was singularly appropriate to the occasion.我们代表团的声明非常适合时宜。
• We shall inform you of the date of the delegation's arrival.我们将把代表团到达的日期通知你。