美国国家公共电台 NPR--More states will enact abortion trigger bans this week

More states will enact¹ abortion² trigger bans this week

Transcript³

Abortion bans are set to take effect in several states following a waiting period after June's Supreme⁴ Court decision.

STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:

How much has abortion law changed since the Supreme Court ruling? Two months ago, the court majority made a choice to eliminate a constitutional right to abortion. That ruling threw the matter to states. NPR national correspondent Sarah McCammon covers abortion rights policy. Hey there, Sarah.

SARAH MCCAMMON, BYLINE⁵: Good morning, Steve.

INSKEEP: What is the count of states that have changed their laws in these two months?

MCCAMMON: Well, so far, you know, many states had trigger bans, laws that were written to go into effect essentially⁶ as soon as the Supreme Court decision overturning Roe⁷ v. Wade⁸ was handed down. So already, about eight states have total or near-total abortion bans in effect. And that's according to the Center for Reproductive Rights. But, Steve, what's happening this week is, you know, others essentially had a waiting period in place. And there's also been some litigation up in the air in several states. So a handful of states are expected to have abortion bans take effect this week, Thursday or Friday. And we're talking about Tennessee, Texas and Idaho, as well as North Dakota. There's some litigation up in the air there. But unless the court intervenes, the date in North Dakota is Friday.

INSKEEP: OK. So abortion would still be legal then in a majority of states. But an increasing number are banning them or coming very near that. What impacts are those laws having?

MCCAMMON: Well, these new laws in many cases are already essentially in effect. I mean, the impact is already there. So Texas - we know that last year, Texas had that state law banning most abortions⁹ after six weeks take effect in September. And more laws are on the books as well that have been triggered by the overturning of Roe v. Wade. That - at this point in Texas, Steve, there are no clinics providing abortions, a shift that really began, you know, months ago.

INSKEEP: Right.

MCCAMMON: Idaho has a similar law in effect to the one in Texas that is enforced through private lawsuits¹⁰. But there's another law, again, that may go into effect later this week. North Dakota only has one remaining abortion clinic. It's already moved its services to Minnesota, at least for now, where abortion remains¹¹ legal. And then Tennessee also has very limited abortion access because of a six-week ban there. But the law scheduled to take effect this week goes even further, an almost total ban with no exceptions for rape¹² or incest. So we're just seeing kind of a deepening of what's already happening.

INSKEEP: Yeah. That's a good word, deepening. We have laws on top of laws on top of laws. But you mentioned court battles challenging some of those laws. Where do those battles stand?

MCCAMMON: Right. So abortion rights groups have been trying to argue that at least some state constitutions offer protections for abortion rights, even if the U.S. Constitution does not. And abortion rights opponents, of course, are pushing back. Erin Hawley is senior counsel with the anti-abortion group Alliance Defending Freedom, which is working to enforce abortion laws in several states, including Wyoming. And she hopes that more states will eventually let their abortion bans take effect.

ERIN HAWLEY: I think we'll see a number of other states - that these laws will come online, that the intermediate courts of appeals and the state supreme courts will hopefully find that there is no state constitutional right to abortion, hopefully Wyoming, Arizona, some of these other places as well.

MCCAMMON: And then, Steve, there are federal challenges. We mentioned Idaho. The Department of Justice is challenging Idaho's trigger ban. There's a hearing scheduled for today in that case.

INSKEEP: Oh, interesting. What other abortion laws may be coming?

MCCAMMON: Well, the Dobbs decision is prompting some Republican state officials to look at passing new laws. I spoke¹³ with Elisabeth Smith of the Center for Reproductive Rights. She predicts that, particularly as many legislatures reconvene next year, there will be a lot more of that.

ELISABETH SMITH: And I think it's important to talk about the fact that we will also likely see novel criminal penalties for abortion providers and helpers and some states trying to prevent people from crossing state lines.

MCCAMMON: And that said, Steve, she is encouraged by what she saw in Kansas earlier this month, when voters there resoundingly rejected an amendment¹⁴ that would have opened the door to more abortion bans. She hopes that will translate on other state ballots¹⁵ this November.

INSKEEP: Sarah, thanks for the update.

MCCAMMON: Thank you.

INSKEEP: That's NPR's Sarah McCammon.

1 enact   

vt.制定(法律)；上演，扮演

参考例句：

• The U.S. Congress has exclusive authority to enact federal legislation.美国国会是唯一有权颁布联邦法律的。
• For example,a country can enact laws and economic policies to attract foreign investment fairly quickly.例如一个国家可以很快颁布吸引外资的法令和经济政策。

2 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

3 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

4 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

7 roe   

n.鱼卵；獐鹿

参考例句：

• We will serve smoked cod's roe at the dinner.宴会上我们将上一道熏鳕鱼子。
• I'll scramble some eggs with roe?我用鱼籽炒几个鸡蛋好吗？

8 wade   

v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉

参考例句：

• We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank.我们只好涉水过河到对岸。
• We cannot but wade across the river.我们只好趟水过去。

9 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

10 lawsuits   

n.诉讼( lawsuit的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Lawsuits involving property rights and farming and grazing rights increased markedly. 涉及财产权，耕作与放牧权的诉讼案件显著地增加。 来自辞典例句
• I've lost and won more lawsuits than any man in England. 全英国的人算我官司打得最多，赢的也多，输的也多。 来自辞典例句

11 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

12 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

13 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

14 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

15 ballots   

n.投票表决( ballot的名词复数 )；选举；选票；投票总数v.（使）投票表决( ballot的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• They're counting the ballots. 他们正在计算选票。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The news of rigged ballots has rubbed off much of the shine of their election victory. 他们操纵选票的消息使他们在选举中获得的胜利大为减色。 来自《简明英汉词典》