美国国家公共电台 NPR--Buffalo safety Damar Hamlin, 24, collapses on the field in a game against Cincinnati

Buffalo¹ safety Damar Hamlin, 24, collapses² on the field in a game against Cincinnati

Transcript³

The Bills said Hamlin had a cardiac arrest after a hit. NPR's Rob Schmitz talks to Dr. Christopher Madias of the Cardiac Arrhythmia Center at Tufts Medical Center, about the effects of the blow.

ROB SCHMITZ, HOST:

Buffalo Bills safety Damar Hamlin is in critical condition after collapsing⁴ on the field during last night's game against the Cincinnati Bengals. In a statement, the Bills said Hamlin suffered a cardiac arrest following a hit. They said his heartbeat was restored on the field, and he was taken to a hospital for further testing and treatment. Joining us now to talk about what happened is Dr. Christopher Madias. He's the director of the Cardiac Arrhythmia Center at Tufts Medical Center. Hello, Dr. Madias.

CHRISTOPHER MADIAS: Good morning, Rob. How are you?

SCHMITZ: I'm well. Thank you. What can you tell us about the role that the blow to Hamlin's body may have played in the cardiac arrest? And how often does this sort of thing happen?

MADIAS: Yeah. You know, I'm speculating, but this looked to be what's called commotio cordis, which is a blunt chest blow to the chest that can induce dangerous, life-threatening heart rhythm (ph), cardiac arrest. And this is a rare event that occurs most commonly in the setting of sport, most commonly in sports that involve blunt projectiles⁵ that impact the chest wall, such as baseball, hockey, lacrosse. It's rare in football, and it's rare because it's really - it has to be a perfect storm of events where there is an impact to the chest wall overlying the heart with just enough force, and what's most critical is the timing⁶. It happens within a critical period within the cardiac cycle. We're talking about 20 to 30 milliseconds within the cardiac cycle that the heart is vulnerable to this. And because of that, it's such a rare event. Again, about 20 to 30 cases are reported per year.

SCHMITZ: Twenty to 30 cases per year. You know, it's important to remind people here that we're speculating about what happened to Hamlin. Doctors have not yet released more detailed⁷ information about the cause of his cardiac arrest. Are there any other possibilities that could have caused this besides commotio cordis?

MADIAS: There are. There are definitely other possibilities. You know, did he have an underlying⁸ heart condition that might have led to this? But presumably not. You know, presumably, this was a healthy professional athlete. And again, it was just the perfect storm of unfortunate circumstances that led to this.

SCHMITZ: Now, CPR was performed on Hamlin immediately after he collapsed⁹. How important were those first few seconds? And how significant are these next several hours for him?

MADIAS: You know, those first few minutes were critically important. The biggest issue with survivability of sudden cardiac arrest, you know, sudden arrhythmic arrest is how quickly CPR and, even more importantly, defibrillation can be initiated¹⁰. Hopefully this was recognized quickly on the field, and it appeared it was. And quick CPR was delivered to the player, and from what I understand, defibrillation was also delivered, and a normal pulse was eventually achieved.

SCHMITZ: And given what we know, how likely is a full recovery?

MADIAS: You know, hard to tell. You know, time will tell. The good - you know, what is - what he has in his favor is that, again, he's a young man and presumably a very healthy young man, and CPR and defibrillation were initiated urgently. Those are all aspects that could lead to a potential full recovery.

SCHMITZ: And, you know, watching the replay - really quickly here - this seemed like a routine tackle in the NFL. Is there something more that the NFL could do to prevent these types of hits?

MADIAS: You know, these are rare, you know, really rare events. I'm not aware of any particular events that the NFL is looking at to prevent. In youth sports, there have been studies looking at protective equipment, protective chest protectors. But again, these are such rare events that I'm not aware of anything that the NFL's looking at to prevent this.

SCHMITZ: That that's Dr. Christopher Madias. Thank you so much.

MADIAS: Thank you for having me.

1 buffalo   

n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛

参考例句：

• Asian buffalo isn't as wild as that of America's. 亚洲水牛比美洲水牛温顺些。
• The boots are made of buffalo hide. 这双靴子是由水牛皮制成的。

2 collapses   

折叠( collapse的第三人称单数 )； 倒塌； 崩溃； （尤指工作劳累后）坐下

参考例句：

• This bridge table collapses. 这张桥牌桌子能折叠。
• Once Russia collapses, the last chance to stop Hitler will be gone. 一旦俄国垮台，抑止希特勒的最后机会就没有了。

3 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

4 collapsing   

压扁[平]，毁坏，断裂

参考例句：

• Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。
• The rocks were folded by collapsing into the center of the trough. 岩石由于坍陷进入凹槽的中心而发生褶皱。

5 projectiles   

n.抛射体( projectile的名词复数 )；（炮弹、子弹等）射弹，（火箭等）自动推进的武器

参考例句：

• These differences are connected with the strong absorption of the composite projectiles. 这些差别与复杂的入射粒子的强烈吸收有关。 来自辞典例句
• Projectiles became more important because cannons could now fire balls over hundreds or yards. 抛射体变得更加重要，因为人们已能用大炮把炮弹射到几百码的距离之外。 来自辞典例句

6 timing   

n.时间安排，时间选择

参考例句：

• The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
• The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。

7 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

8 underlying   

adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的

参考例句：

• The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
• This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。

9 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

10 initiated   

n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始，创始，启蒙，介绍加入

参考例句：

• He has not yet been thoroughly initiated into the mysteries of computers. 他对计算机的奥秘尚未入门。
• The artist initiated the girl into the art world in France. 这个艺术家介绍这个女孩加入巴黎艺术界。