美国国家公共电台 NPR--Title 42 ended. How is the Department of Homeland Security handling the situation?

Title 42 ended. How is the Department of Homeland Security handling the situation?

Transcript¹

NPR's A Martinez talks about the end of Title 42 with Blas Nu?ez-Neto, assistant secretary for border and immigration policy at the Department of Homeland Security.

A MART?NEZ, HOST:

With the expiration³ of the pandemic-era border restrictions⁴ under Title 42, the Biden administration has a message for migrants seeking to cross the southern border illegally - don't. Immigration policy this morning looks very different than it did yesterday. Those who enter the U.S. illegally could be banned from returning for at least five years, and repeat offenders⁵ could face prosecution⁶. Here's what Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas had to say earlier this week.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ALEJANDRO MAYORKAS: The lifting of the Title 42 public health order does not mean our border is open. In fact, it is the contrary. Our use of our immigration enforcement authorities under Title 8 of the United States Code means tougher consequences for people who cross the border illegally.

MART?NEZ: Also, for many migrants who seek asylum⁷ at the southern border, they'll need to show they were turned down by a country they crossed first before asking the U.S. for asylum. Joining us now is Blas Nunez-Neto. He's assistant secretary for border and immigration policy at the Department of Homeland Security. He's speaking to us this morning via Skype. Moments after that requirement went into effect last night, the ACLU filed a lawsuit⁸ to stop the rule, saying it, quote, "closes off access to safety for the majority of people seeking asylum in the U.S." What is your response to that?

BLAS NUNEZ-NETO: Good morning, A. We believe that couldn't be further from the truth and that this is nothing like what the Trump⁹ administration did. You know, their efforts cut off all legal pathways to the U.S., including access to our ports of entry for asylum-seekers and the refugee process. They categorically barred migrants from claiming asylum, and they even separated families from young children at the border. You know, what we have done is really oversee¹⁰ a historic increase in lawful¹¹ pathways to the U.S., including at our ports of entry through the CBP One application. We are allowing migrants to claim asylum but placing what we believe are some commonsense¹² conditions on it. And we are also significantly expanding family reunification programs.

MART?NEZ: But the thing is, yeah, Title 8 does not require a migrant who arrives at a point of entry for the first time and ask for asylum to show that they were denied asylum somewhere else first. So how does this rule square with Title 8, which is the law of the land?

NUNEZ-NETO: Again, we believe it is well within our authorities. And what we are really trying to do here is incentivize migrants to use safe, lawful and orderly pathways that, again, we have expanded dramatically over the last two years. But also, you know, there has to be a consequence at the border for individuals who continue to cross irregularly despite having these options available to them. And what we are doing with this rule is really trying to disincentivize migrants from crossing irregularly and putting their lives in the hands of, you know, these drug cartels and criminal organizations that are, you know, fundamentally exploiting migrants to bring them here.

MART?NEZ: But why isn't that something that Congress would have to add after the fact? Title 8 is in effect. It's always been in effect. It seems like this is something added that isn't in Title 8.

NUNEZ-NETO: Again, we think this is within our statutory authorities. But you're absolutely right that we need Congress to act. The bottom line is that we are seeing these surges of migration² now for, you know, going on 20 years under presidents of both political parties. You know, different administrations have tried to deal with this challenge through executive action, you know, in different ways. We are obviously doing that ourselves. And that has invited the courts to step in in ways that are, frankly¹³, deeply unhelpful. And so at the end of the day, we are clear-eyed that there is no lasting¹⁴ solution here that does not involve the U.S. Congress stepping up.

You know, we introduced comprehensive immigration reform on the first day of this administration. It has gone nowhere in Congress. We are, you know, reaching out to members from both sides of the party to really ask them to come together in a bipartisan way to solve this problem.

MART?NEZ: And one more thing quickly - about 30 seconds to go. What is the federal government doing to help border communities deal with any influx¹⁵ of migrants?

NUNEZ-NETO: You know, we do have a grant program that has supported local communities and NGOs, and Congress did increase funding for it last year. However, we recognize that it's a small fraction of what is needed. And again, only Congress can really address this issue.

MART?NEZ: That is Blas Nunez-Neto, assistant secretary for border and immigration policy at the Department of Homeland Security. Thank you very much.

NUNEZ-NETO: Thank you, A.

1 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

2 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

3 expiration   

n.终结，期满，呼气，呼出物

参考例句：

• Can I have your credit card number followed by the expiration date?能告诉我你的信用卡号码和它的到期日吗?
• This contract shall be terminated on the expiration date.劳动合同期满，即行终止。

4 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

5 offenders   

n.冒犯者( offender的名词复数 )；犯规者；罪犯；妨害…的人（或事物）

参考例句：

• Long prison sentences can be a very effective deterrent for offenders. 判处长期徒刑可对违法者起到强有力的威慑作用。
• Purposeful work is an important part of the regime for young offenders. 使从事有意义的劳动是管理少年犯的重要方法。

6 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

7 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

8 lawsuit   

n.诉讼，控诉

参考例句：

• They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
• He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

10 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

11 lawful   

adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的

参考例句：

• It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。
• We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。

12 commonsense   

adj.有常识的；明白事理的；注重实际的

参考例句：

• It is commonsense to carry an umbrella in this weather.这种天气带把伞是很自然的。
• These results are no more than a vindication of commonsense analysis.这些结果只不过是按常理分析得出的事实。

13 frankly   

adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说

参考例句：

• To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。
• Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

14 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

15 influx   

n.流入，注入

参考例句：

• The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
• Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。