60秒科学:美黑是会上瘾的

研究人员选取了两份用于评定人们是否酗酒、是否有物质相关性障碍的问卷模板，内容则换成美黑相关。例如：“你是否在美黑的同时计划减少美黑时间？”

然后，研究人员对数百名本科生进行了该问卷调查，这些学生平均每年要去美黑沙龙23次。想知道结果么？结果就是，他们当中有50人（相当于参与调查总人数的1/5）符合有美黑瘾的标准。同时，这些人还表现出焦虑的症状，因此他们吸毒、酗酒的可能性极大。研究人员指出，美黑灯诱惑你的方式和毒品如出一辙，同伴的诱导作用就包含其中。

Scientists have finally verified something that Jersey¹ Shore stars Snooki and Pauly D have probably known all along—that getting your bronze on at the tanning salon² may be addictive³. And the more often you tan, the more likely you are to get hooked, according to a study in the Archives of Dermatology. [Catherine Mosher and Sharon Danoff-Burg, The researchers started with two questionnaires commonly used to assess patients for alcohol abuse and substance-related disorders⁴. But they modified the questions to focus on indoor tanning habits. For example: "Do you try to cut down on the time you spend in tanning beds or booths but find yourself still tanning?"

Then they gave those surveys to a couple hundred undergrads who fake'n'bake, on average, 23 times a year. The result? Fifty students, or about a fifth of those surveyed, met the authors' criteria⁵ for addiction⁶ to indoor tanning. This group also reported greater symptoms of anxiety, and were more likely to use drugs and alcohol. The investigators⁷ say drugs and tanning lamps might hook you through similar means, including peer pressure.

As for Snooki, it may be time for an intervention⁸. When asked how she would change the world if she could, she said, “I would put tanning beds in everybody's homes."
 

1 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

2 salon   

n.[法]沙龙；客厅；营业性的高级服务室

参考例句：

• Do you go to the hairdresser or beauty salon more than twice a week?你每周去美容院或美容沙龙多过两次吗？
• You can hear a lot of dirt at a salon.你在沙龙上会听到很多流言蜚语。

3 addictive   

adj.(吸毒等)使成瘾的，成为习惯的

参考例句：

• The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
• Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。

4 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 criteria   

n.标准

参考例句：

• The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
• There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

6 addiction   

n.上瘾入迷，嗜好

参考例句：

• He stole money from his parents to feed his addiction.他从父母那儿偷钱以满足自己的嗜好。
• Areas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction,poverty and murder.贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。

7 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。