TED演讲:流行饮食法有用吗(2)

 　　Sodium¹ is lost until the body can balance itself out, and temporary fluid weight loss may occur. 在身体能够补充之前，我们流失了钠元素，而且还会出现体液流失造成的暂时体重下降。

　　With other high-protein diets, you might lose weight at first since by restricting your food choices,  使用其他高蛋白的饮食法时，也许早期由于控制了食物选择，你的体重会有所下降，

　　you are dropping your overall calorie intake². 你在减少你的整体卡路里摄入。

　　But your body then lowers its metabolic³ rate to adjust to the shift, 但是稍后你的身体会降低代谢速率以适应这种转变，

　　lessening⁴ the diet's effect over time and resulting in a quick reversal if the diet is abandoned. 节食的效果也会就此渐渐减轻，并且放弃这种饮食法后会导致快速反弹。

　　So while these diets may be alluring⁵ early on, they don't guarantee long-term benefits for your health and weight. 所以，虽然这些饮食法早期也许非常诱人，但它们不能保证对你的健康和体重有长期的好处。

　　A few simple guidelines, though, can help differentiate⁶ between a diet 不过，有一些简单的准则可以帮你将有利于

　　that is beneficial in maintaining long-term health, and one that only offers temporary weight changes. 保持长期健康的饮食法和只能带来暂时体重变化的区别开来。

　　Here's the first tip-off: if a diet focuses on intensely cutting back calories or on cutting out entire food groups, 第一条提示：如果一个饮食法密切关注减少卡路里或者排除整个食物群，

　　like fat, sugar, or carbohydrates⁷, chances are it's a fad⁸ diet. 像脂肪、糖或碳水化合物，那它很有可能就是一个流行饮食法而已。

　　And another red flag is ritual,  另一个危险信号是惯例，

　　when the diet in question instructs you to only eat specific foods, prescribed combinations,  也就是存疑的这个饮食法指导你只食用特定的食物，规定的搭配，

　　or to opt⁹ for particular food substitutes, like drinks, bars, or powders. 或者选择特定的食物替代品，比如饮品、能量棒或粉末。

　　The truth is shedding pounds in the long run simply doesn't have a quick-fix solution. 真相是，长期减重并没有捷径可走。

　　Not all diet crazes tout¹⁰ weight loss. 并不是所有的饮食法都标榜减重。

　　What about claims of super foods, cleanses¹¹, and other body-boosting solutions? 那些号称超级食物、身体净化剂和其他强身健体的方案怎么样呢？

1 sodium   

n.（化）钠

参考例句：

• Out over the town the sodium lights were lit.在外面，全城的钠光灯都亮了。
• Common salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine.食盐是钠和氯的复合物。

2 intake   

n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口

参考例句：

• Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
• There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。

3 metabolic   

adj.新陈代谢的

参考例句：

• Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
• A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。

4 lessening   

减轻，减少，变小

参考例句：

• So however much he earned, she spent it, her demands growing and lessening with his income. 祥子挣多少，她花多少，她的要求随着他的钱涨落。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子
• The talks have resulted in a lessening of suspicion. 谈话消减了彼此的怀疑。

5 alluring   

adj.吸引人的，迷人的

参考例句：

• The life in a big city is alluring for the young people. 大都市的生活对年轻人颇具诱惑力。
• Lisette's large red mouth broke into a most alluring smile. 莉莎特的鲜红的大嘴露出了一副极为诱人的微笑。

6 differentiate   

vi.(between)区分；vt.区别；使不同

参考例句：

• You can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys.你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。
• He never learned to differentiate between good and evil.他从未学会分辨善恶。

7 carbohydrates   

n.碳水化合物，糖类( carbohydrate的名词复数 )；淀粉质或糖类食物

参考例句：

• The plant uses the carbohydrates to make cellulose. 植物用碳水化合物制造纤维素。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All carbohydrates originate from plants. 所有的碳水化合物均来自植物。 来自辞典例句

8 fad   

n.时尚；一时流行的狂热；一时的爱好

参考例句：

• His interest in photography is only a passing fad.他对摄影的兴趣只是一时的爱好罢了。
• A hot business opportunity is based on a long-term trend not a short-lived fad.一个热门的商机指的是长期的趋势而非一时的流行。

9 opt   

vi.选择，决定做某事

参考例句：

• They opt for more holiday instead of more pay.他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。
• Will individual schools be given the right to opt out of the local school authority?各个学校可能有权选择退出地方教育局吗？

10 tout   

v.推销，招徕；兜售；吹捧，劝诱

参考例句：

• They say it will let them tout progress in the war.他们称这将有助于鼓吹他们在战争中的成果。
• If your case studies just tout results,don't bother requiring registration to view them.如果你的案例研究只是吹捧结果，就别烦扰别人来注册访问了。

11 cleanses   

弄干净，清洗( cleanse的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Prayer cleanses the soul, but pain cleanses the body. 祈祷净化灵魂，而痛苦则净化身体。
• With water and iodine from the closet, he cleanses my lip. 用温水和碘从壁橱里，他洗净我的嘴唇。