TED演讲：肢体语言塑造你自己(3)

 　　So when we think of nonverbals, we think of how we judge others, how they judge us and what the outcomes¹ are. 当我们提起肢体语言，我们就想到我们如何论断别人，别人如何论断我们以及后果会是什么。

　　We tend to forget, though, the other audience that's influenced by our nonverbals, and that's ourselves. 我们往往忘记这点，受到肢体动作所影响的那群观众，就是我们自己。

　　We are also influenced by our nonverbals, our thoughts and our feelings and our physiology². 我们也往往被自己的肢体动作、想法、感觉和心理所影响。

　　So what nonverbals am I talking about? I'm a social psychologist. 所以究竟我说的是怎样的非语言? 我是一位社会心理学家。

　　I study prejudice, and I teach at a competitive³ business school, so it was inevitable⁴ that I would become interested in power dynamics⁵. 我研究偏见，我在一所极具竞争力的商业学院上课，因此无可避免地对权力动力学感到着迷。

　　I became especially interested in nonverbal expressions of power and dominance. 特别是在非语言表达对权力和支配的领域。

　　And what are nonverbal expressions of power and dominance? Well, this is what they are. 权力和支配的非语言表达究竟是什么？嗯，让我细细道来。

　　So in the animal kingdom, they are about expanding. 在动物世界里，权力和支配的非口语语言讲究扩展。

　　So you make yourself big, you stretch out, you take up space, you're basically opening up. It's about opening up. 所以你尽可能得把自己变大，你伸展身体，占满空间，基本上就是展开身体。就是关于展开身体。

　　And this is true across the animal kingdom. It's not just limited to primates⁶. And humans do the same thing. 整个动物世界都是如此，不仅限于灵长类。人类也干同样的事。

　　So they do this both when they have power sort of chronically⁷, and also when they're feeling powerful in the moment. 不论是他们长期掌权或是在某个时间点感到权力高涨，他们都这么做。

　　And this one is especially interesting because it really shows us how universal and old these expressions of power are. 特别有趣的原因是，它让我们明白权力的展现从来是如此地一致，不管古今世界。

　　This expression, which is known as pride, Jessica Tracy has studied. Jessica Tracy的研究表明，这种展现，被认为是一种荣耀。

　　She shows that people who are born with sight and people who are congenitally blind do this when they win at a physical competition. 视力正常的人和先天视障的人，在赢得比赛时都做同样的事。

　　So when they cross the finish line and they've won, it doesn't matter if they've never seen anyone do it. They do this. 当他们跨过终点线赢得比赛之际，无论能否看的见，他们都做这样的动作。

　　So the arms up in the V, the chin is slightly lifted. 双臂呈V字型朝上，下巴微微抬起。

1 outcomes   

结果( outcome的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The two scenarios provide illustrations of consistent set of outcomes for range of possible policies. 这两个方案说明某一套可能采取的政策将会产生的一系列后果。
• We analyzed all the possible outcomes of your mission, Commander. 我们分析过所有可能的结果，指挥官。

2 physiology   

n.生理学，生理机能

参考例句：

• He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
• He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。

3 competitive   

adj.竞争的，比赛的，好竞争的，有竞争力的

参考例句：

• Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商业是要竞争的。
• These businessmen are both competitive and honourable.这些商人既有竞争性又很诚实。

4 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

5 dynamics   

n.力学，动力学，动力，原动力；动态

参考例句：

• In order to succeed,you must master complicated knowledge of dynamics.要取得胜利，你必须掌握很复杂的动力学知识。
• Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.动力学是一门不做大量习题就不能掌握的学科。

6 primates   

primate的复数

参考例句：

• Primates are alert, inquisitive animals. 灵长目动物是机灵、好奇的动物。
• Consciousness or cerebration has been said to have emerged in the evolution of higher primates. 据说意识或思考在较高级灵长类的进化中已出现。

7 chronically   

ad.长期地

参考例句：

• Similarly, any pigment nevus that is chronically irritated should be excised. 同样，凡是经常受慢性刺激的各种色素痣切勿予以切除。
• People chronically exposed to chlorine develop some degree of tolerance. 人长期接触氯气可以产生某种程度的耐受性。