TED演讲：医生们会犯错误(3)

 　　And that was the message that I absorbed when I was in med school. 这就是我在医学院时得到的信息。

　　I was an obsessive¹ compulsive student. 我是一个有着强迫症倾向的学生。

　　In high school, a classmate once said that Brian Goldman would study for a blood test. 在中学时，有个同学曾经说布莱恩·高德曼会为了血液测验复习。

　　And so I did. And I studied in my little garret at the nurses' residence at Toronto General Hospital, not far from here. 而我的确这么做了。我在离这不远处的多伦多总医院里护士住宅里的一个小阁楼中，完成了我的学业。

　　And I memorized everything. I memorized in my anatomy² class the origins and exertions³ of every muscle, 我背下了所有东西。我背下了解剖课中提到的每一块肌肉的起端和伸展方式，

　　every branch of every artery⁴ that came off the aorta⁵, differential diagnoses obscure and common. 每一条从主动脉延伸出来的动脉的分支系统，以及一切鲜为人知的或者常见的鉴别诊断。

　　I even knew the differential diagnosis⁶ in how to classify renal tubular acidosis. 我甚至知道如何鉴别诊断不同的肾小管性酸中毒症。

　　And all the while, I was amassing⁷ more and more knowledge. 在这段时间中，我积累了越来越多的知识。

　　And I did well, I graduated with honors, cum laude. 我的表现很好，并以优等的成绩毕业。

　　And I came out of medical school with the impression that if I memorized everything and knew everything, 当我从医学院出来时，我觉得我只要记下和明白了所有的东西，

　　or as much as possible, as close to everything as possible, that it would immunize me against making mistakes. 或者稍退一步--将近所有的东西，那我犯医疗错误的几率就会微乎其微。

　　And it worked for a while, until I met Mrs. Drucker. 而我在一段时间之内的确没有犯错。直到我遇到了Drucker女士。

　　I was a resident at a teaching hospital here in Toronto 我正作为一个实习医生在多伦多工作，

　　when Mrs. Drucker was brought to the emergency department of the hospital where I was working. 当Drucker女士被带入教学医院的急诊室时。

　　At the time I was assigned to the cardiology service on a cardiology rotation⁸. 当时我正因心脏科轮调而被指派在心血管诊所。

　　And it was my job, when the emergency staff called for a cardiology consult, 我的工作是，当紧急救护人员需要有关于心脏的专业会诊时，

　　to see that patient in emerg. and to report back to my attending. 在急症室诊断病人，并在之后向负责我的主治医生汇报。

　　And I saw Mrs. Drucker, and she was breathless. 当我见到Drucker女士的时候，她的气息已经很微弱。

　　And when I listened to her, she was making a wheezy sound. 在我与她交谈时，我听到她的呼吸有喘息的声音。

　　And when I listened to her chest with a stethoscope, 当我用听诊器聆听她的胸腔时，

　　I could hear crackly sounds on both sides that told me that she was in congestive heart failure. 两边都传来的爆裂的声音告诉我，这是郁血性心脏衰竭。

　　This is a condition in which the heart fails, and instead of being able to pump all the blood forward, 这是由于心脏在衰竭后，无法将所有的血液完全的输送出去，

　　some of the blood backs up into the lung, the lungs fill up with blood, and that's why you have shortness of breath. 而导致部分血液回流入肺脏，肺脏里充满了血液，而造成呼吸短促。

1 obsessive   

adj. 着迷的, 强迫性的, 分神的

参考例句：

• Some people are obsessive about cleanliness.有些人有洁癖。
• He's becoming more and more obsessive about punctuality.他对守时要求越来越过分了。

2 anatomy   

n.解剖学，解剖；功能，结构，组织

参考例句：

• He found out a great deal about the anatomy of animals.在动物解剖学方面，他有过许多发现。
• The hurricane's anatomy was powerful and complex.对飓风的剖析是一项庞大而复杂的工作。

3 exertions   

n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使

参考例句：

• As long as they lived, exertions would not be necessary to her. 只要他们活着，是不需要她吃苦的。 来自辞典例句
• She failed to unlock the safe in spite of all her exertions. 她虽然费尽力气，仍未能将那保险箱的锁打开。 来自辞典例句

4 artery   

n.干线，要道；动脉

参考例句：

• We couldn't feel the changes in the blood pressure within the artery.我们无法感觉到动脉血管内血压的变化。
• The aorta is the largest artery in the body.主动脉是人体中的最大动脉。

5 aorta   

n.主动脉

参考例句：

• The abdominal aorta is normally smaller than the thoracic aorta.腹主动脉一般比胸主动脉小。
• Put down that jelly doughnut and look carefully at this aorta.放下手头上的东西，认真观察这张大动脉图片。

6 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

7 amassing   

v.积累，积聚( amass的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The study of taxonomy must necessarily involve the amassing of an encyclopaedic knowledge of plants. 分类学研究一定要积累广博的植物知识。 来自辞典例句
• Build your trophy room while amassing awards and accolades. 建立您的奖杯积累奖项和荣誉。 来自互联网

8 rotation   

n.旋转；循环，轮流

参考例句：

• Crop rotation helps prevent soil erosion.农作物轮作有助于防止水土流失。
• The workers in this workshop do day and night shifts in weekly rotation.这个车间的工人上白班和上夜班每周轮换一次。