TED演讲:为什么头盔不能预防脑震荡?(2)

 And so I get this question all the time from parents, and they ask me, "Would you let your own child play football?" 家长们总是问我这样一个问题，他们问我，“你会让你自己的小孩儿打橄榄球吗？”

Or, "Should I let my child play soccer?" 或者“我应该让我小孩儿踢足球吗？”

And I think that as a field, we're a long way from giving an answer with any kind of confidence there. 我认为从一个学科领域的角度来讲，我们远没有信心在此回答这样一个问题。

So I look at that question from a bit of a different lens, and I want to know, how can we prevent concussion¹? 所以我从另外一个角度思考了这个问题，我想知道，我们如何预防脑震荡？

Is that even possible? And most experts think that it's not, 这能做到吗？绝大多数专家认为不能，

but the work that we're doing in my lab is starting to reveal more of the details around concussion so that we can have a better understanding. 但我的实验室目前所从事的研究，将揭示脑震荡的更多细节，从而我们会对脑震荡有更深刻的认知，

The reason we're able to prevent skull² fracture with helmets is because it's pretty simple. 戴头盔能预防颅骨骨折的原因非常简单，

We know how it works. Concussion has been much more of a mystery. 我们知道这一原理，而脑震荡至今仍是未解之谜。

So to give you a sense of what might be happening in a concussion, 为了让在座各位对脑震荡有更直观的了解，

I want to show you the video here that you see when you type into Google, "What is a concussion?" 我要放一段影片，你可以在谷歌搜索如下字样，What is a concussion?

The CDC website comes up, and this video essentially³ tells the whole story. 然后打开CDC（美国疾病控制与预防中心）网页，网页上的这段视频就会讲述脑震荡的成因。

What you see is the head moves forward, the brain lags behind, then the brain catches up and smashes into the skull. 你可以看到：头部向前移动，脑组织移动延后，接着脑组织跟了上来也向前移，撞向颅骨。

It rebounds⁴ off the skull and then proceeds to run into the other side of the skull. 被颅骨弹回，然后向另一边颅骨撞去。

And what you'll notice is highlighted in this video from the CDC, which I'll note was funded by the NFL, CDC影片中高亮的那部分，顺带说一下，这一影片由NFL（美国国家橄榄球联盟）资助，

is that the outer surface of the brain, where it was to have smashed into the skull, 是脑组织的外部边缘，这部分脑组织之前曾撞向颅骨，

looks like it's been damaged or injured, so it's on the outer surface of the brain. 看起来它受到了损伤，所以高亮部分是在脑组织的外部边缘。

And what I'd like to do with this video is to tell you that there are some aspects 我放这段影片，是为了告诉各位，这段影片的部分内容，

that are probably right, indicative of what the scientists think happens with concussion, 或许确实正确地表述了科学家对脑震荡的理解，

but there's probably more that's wrong with this video. 但这段影片更多地方是错误的。

1 concussion   

n.脑震荡；震动

参考例句：

• He was carried off the field with slight concussion.他因轻微脑震荡给抬离了现场。
• She suffers from brain concussion.她得了脑震荡。

2 skull   

n.头骨；颅骨

参考例句：

• The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five.头骨在15至25岁之间长合。
• He fell out of the window and cracked his skull.他从窗子摔了出去，跌裂了颅骨。

3 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

4 rebounds   

反弹球( rebound的名词复数 )； 回弹球； 抢断篮板球； 复兴

参考例句：

• V is the velocity after the gas particle rebounds from the wall. V是粒子从壁上弹开后的速度。
• In the former case, the first body rebounds with practically its original velocity. 在前一种情况下，第一个物体实际上以原来的速度弹回。