常春藤解析英语【8】Love Makes the World Go Round爱让

by Christine Newton

Love is a splendid thing. It can make us laugh and cry. Love can even move mountains. No wonder countries around the world devote an entire day every year _(1)_ this exhilarating emotion.

Love may be the universal language, but its expression varies widely from one culture to _(2)_. On Valentine's Day in Japan, girls give their sweethearts gifts of chocolate. Store-bought sweets are considered insincere and many girls will make their own. A month later, on White Valentine's Day, it is the boys' _(3)_ to give something back.

In Scotland, Valentine's Day is celebrated¹ with a festival, attended by an equal number of unmarried men and women. The women draw men's names from a hat and pin their partner's name over their heart or on their sleeve. Scottish lovers may also _(4)_ love knots with each other, which symbolizes³ two lives closely connected. Britons are famous _(5)_ their love poems while Danish men write silly rhymes for their valentines, which they send unsigned. The lady who receives the card then must try to guess the sender.

Perhaps the most unusual Valentine's Day tradition _(6)_ between young lovers in tribal⁴ New Guinea as they test their compatibility at a private party called a kango. _(7)_ by the girl's mother, a couple will spend hours in her hut singing high-pitched songs, holding hands, and swaying together. When a young man finds the right girl, he asks his father or older brother to kill a pig for her parents. This gives a Valentine's Day twist to the expression "bringing home the bacon."

1. (A) honor　(B) to honoring　(C) in honoring　(D) to honor
2. (A) another　(B) other　(C) the other　(D) the rest
3. (A) time　(B) moment　(C) turn　(D) point
4. (A) replace　(B) purchase　(C) transfer　(D) exchange
5. (A) as　(B) for　(C) by　(D) on
6. (A) holds　(B) is happened　(C) takes place　(D) is occurred
7. (A) Supervised　(B) Supervising　(C) Supervise　(D) Supervises

原来如此

1. ...devote an entire day every year to honoring this exhilarating emotion.
理由：
a. 本空格测试下列固定用法：
devote...to + V-ing　　奉献……做……
例： I want to devote the rest of my life to becoming a better person.
（我下半辈子想专心致力于成为一个更好的人。）

b. honor vt. 庆祝；表扬
例： We honored the fallen police officer with a rifle salute⁵.
（我们鸣来复枪向那名殒落的警官致意。）

c. 根据上述，可知 (B) 应为正选。

2. ...but its expression varies widely from one culture to another.
理由：
a. 本空格测试下列固定用法：
one...another (...)　　（用于非限定的两者）一个……另一个（……）
例： It seems that her health problems vary from one month to another.
（她的健康问题似乎每个月都不尽相同。）

b. one...the other (...)　　（用于限定的两者）一个……另一个（……）
例： The microwave has two knobs. One is for setting the temperature, and the other is for setting the timer.
（这台微波卢有两个旋钮。一个是用来设定温度，另一个则用来设定时间。）

c. 根据上述，可知应选 (A)。

3. A month later, on White Valentine's Day, it is the boys' turn to give something back.
理由：
a. (A) time n. 时候
it's time to V　　该是（做）……的时候了
例： It's time to get ready for the party. Please go change your clothes.
（该准备去派对了。请换衣服吧。）
(B) moment n. 时刻
(C) turn n. 轮到；轮流
it's sb's turn to V　　轮到某人（做）……
例： It's your turn to clean out the litter box today.
（今天轮到你清垃圾桶。）
(D) point n. 点；重点

b. 本空格在测试 "it's sb's turn to V" 的固定用法，故选 (C)。

4. Scottish lovers may also exchange love knots with each other...
理由：
a. (A) replace vt. 取代；替换
replace A with B　　用 B 取代 A
例： In modern cities, buses are being replaced with subways.
（在现代化都市中，公交车正逐渐被地铁所取代。）
(B) purchase vt. 购买
例： The company purchased a new computer system last year.
（公司去年购买了新的计算机系统。）
(C) transfer vt. 转移；转（帐）
例： When can you transfer the money into my account?
（你何时可以把钱转到我账户？）
(D) exchange vt. 交换，调换
exchange sth with sb　　和某人交换某物
例： Every Christmas, I exchange gifts with my coworkers.
（每年圣诞节我都和同事们互送礼物。）

b. 根据语意、用法，可知应选 (D)。

5. Britons are famous for their love poems while Danish men write...
理由：
a. 本空格测试下列固定用法：
be famous for sth　　因某事物而闻名
be famous as + 身分　　因某身分而闻名
例： That city is famous for its beautiful beach resorts.
（那个城市以美丽的海边度假胜地闻名。）
例： South Africa is famous as a major source of diamonds.
（南非因是钻石的主要产地而闻名。）

b. 由空格后的 their love poems（他们的情诗）得知，可知应选 (B)。

6. Perhaps the most unusual Valentine's Day tradition takes place between young lovers...
理由：
a. 本空格在测试表『发生』的动词或动词词组用法：
take place　　（事件）发生
= happen
= occur
例： Several surprising incidents took place shortly before the elections.
（在选举前夕发生了好几起令人出乎意料的事件。）

b. 根据上述，选项 (C) takes place 置入后符合语意、用法，故为正选；happen 与 occur 为不及物动词，无被动语态，因此若改为主动则亦可选。

c. (A) holds（举办）为及物动词，因此若改为被动 is held 则亦可选。
例： The conference was held with the utmost secrecy⁶.
（会议是在极度保密下举行。）

7. Supervised by the girl's mother, a couple will spend hours in her hut singing...
理由：
a. 本句原为两个无连接词连接的句子变化而成：
A couple are supervised by the girl's mother, a couple will spend hours in her hut singing...
b. 两句因缺乏连接词连接，故无法同时存在，补救之道为将第一个句子依分词句构化简法变成分词词组，法则如下：
(1) 删除相同的主词，若主词不同时则要保留；
(2) 之后的动词变成现在分词；
(3) 若该动词为 be 动词时，变成现在分词 being 之后可省略。
c. 根据上述，将 A couple 删除，are 变成 being 之后再予以省略，可知 (A) Supervised 为正选。
d. supervise vt. 监督，管理
例： Could you supervise my class while I stop by the principal's office?
（我去校长室时，你能帮我顾一下我班上的学生吗？）

精解字词词组

1. no wonder + S + V　　难怪……
例： No wonder she's overweight. She eats non-stop.
（难怪她那么胖；她老是吃个不停。）

2. vary from...to...　　从……到……有所不同
例： Styles of clothing vary from year to year.
（衣服的样式每年都不同。）

3. knot n.（绳）结
tie the knot　　结为连理
= get married
例： After they tied the knot, Bill realized that he wasn't really in love with Sara.
（结婚后，比尔发现自己并不那么爱莎拉。）

4. symbolize² vt. 象征
例： Yellow roses symbolize love between friends.
（黄玫瑰代表友情。）

5. connect vt. 连接，连结
connect A with B　　连接 A 和 B
例： It was impossible to connect the criminal with the crime, but I knew something was wrong.
（虽然很难把那名罪犯和那起犯罪划上等号，但我知道有些事不对劲。）

6. spend vt. 花费（时间、金钱）
spend + 时间∕金钱 + V-ing　　
花费时间∕金钱（做）……
例： Don't spend all of your time thinking about that guy. He dumped you.
（别老是想着那家伙。他已经把妳甩了。）

7. bring home the bacon　　养家活口
例： Since Matt has a good job now, he can bring home the bacon.
（既然麦特有了不错的工作，他就可以养家活口了。）

单字小铺

1. splendid a. 令人赞叹的

2. exhilarating a. 令人极度兴奋的

3. expression n. 表达方式

4. insincere a. 没诚意的

5. festival n. 庆祝活动

6. pin vt.（用别针等）把……别住 & n. 别针

7. sleeve n. 袖子

8. rhyme n. 押韵诗，韵文

9. valentine n. 情人

10. tribal a. 部落的

11. compatibility n. 兼容性

12. high-pitched a. 高音的

13. sway vi. 摇摆

14. twist n.（对文字的）另解

中文翻译＆标准答案

爱是一件美妙的事，让我们欢笑，也让我们哭泣。爱甚至可以移山倒海。无怪乎全世界的国家每年都会用一天的时间来庆祝这种令人雀跃的情感。

爱或许是国际语言，但如何表达爱意则是每个国家各有不同。日本的情人节，女孩们会送巧克力给自己心爱的人作为礼物。店里买的糖果通常被认为缺乏诚意，所以许多女孩都亲手做巧克力。一个月后的白色情人节就轮到男孩子回礼。

在苏格兰，人们举行活动来庆祝情人节，由相同人数的未婚男女参加。女性从一个帽子中抽出男性的名字，并将该对象的名字别在胸前或袖子上；苏格兰的情人还会彼此交换爱的同心结，代表两人的生命紧密结合在一起。英国人以写情诗闻名，而丹麦人则会写给情人匿名的愚蠢押韵诗。收到卡片的女性则得猜出是谁送的。

最不寻常的情人节传统或许是发生在新几内亚部落的年轻爱侣身上，他们要在称做 kango 的私人派对上测试彼此的速配指数。在女孩母亲的监督下，一对情人在女生的小屋中共度数小时高声唱歌，手牵着手一起摇摆。当年轻男性找到理想的女性时，他会要求父亲或兄长为女方父母宰杀一头猪，可以算是『带培根回家（养家活口）』的另解吧。

标准答案：　
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (B)
6. (C) 7. (A)
 

1 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

2 symbolize   

vt.作为...的象征，用符号代表

参考例句：

• Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。
• Dolphins symbolize the breath of life.海豚象征着生命的气息。

3 symbolizes   

v.象征，作为…的象征( symbolize的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil. 用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶。
• She likes olive because It'symbolizes peace. 她喜欢橄榄色因为它象征着和平。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

5 salute   

vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮

参考例句：

• Merchant ships salute each other by dipping the flag.商船互相点旗致敬。
• The Japanese women salute the people with formal bows in welcome.这些日本妇女以正式的鞠躬向人们施礼以示欢迎。

6 secrecy   

n.秘密，保密，隐蔽

参考例句：

• All the researchers on the project are sworn to secrecy.该项目的所有研究人员都按要求起誓保守秘密。
• Complete secrecy surrounded the meeting.会议在绝对机密的环境中进行。