常春藤解析英语【99】世界艾滋病日

A Worthwhile Cause 值得你我关心的世界艾滋病日

by Marcus Maurice

World AIDS Day is an opportunity to focus the world's eyes on a major problem.
世界艾滋病日是让全球关注重大问题的好时机。

The idea of choosing a day to simply bring attention to a cause might seem like a small thing. But for important issues like AIDS, it is not enough that researchers and doctors are _(1)_ the problem. People all over the world need to know about the situation. With World AIDS Day, people hope to raise _(2)_ of AIDS and the people living with HIV.

In 1988, the World Health Organization _(3)_ December 1 World AIDS Day during a summit for AIDS prevention. It has _(4)_ been put into practice by governments and organizations around the world. The object of this day is to shed light on the myths about AIDS and to publicize the fact that there are an _(5)_ 31 million people with HIV—and 2.5 million of these victims are children. Each year around World AIDS Day, charities and organizations have seminars, classes, and fundraisers with the focus on AIDS research.

From the beginning of World AIDS Day, each year has had a slogan. This year will _(6)_ last year's highly successful slogan, "Stop AIDS: Keep the Promise." This slogan will be used until 2010, the year when governments around the world have promised to provide universal access _(7)_ HIV treatment. On December 1 of this year, take some time to talk with a friend about how serious the AIDS epidemic¹ is as a way to honor World AIDS Day.

1. (A) building up (B) carrying out (C) taking over (D) working on
2. (A) guidance (B) awareness² (C) response (D) celebration
3. (A) declared (B) measured (C) notified (D) exposed
4. (A) once (B) after (C) since (D) until
5. (A) estimating (B) estimated (C) estimation (D) estimates
6. (A) relieve (B) recall (C) repeat (D) remind
7. (A) to (B) for (C) of (D) with

原来如此

1. But for important issues like AIDS, it is not enough that researchers and doctors are working on the problem.
理由:
a. (A) build up...　　建立……
(B) carry out...　　执行∕实现……
(C) take over...　　接管……
例: Susan took over the company after her husband passed away.
（苏珊的先生去世后，她接掌了公司。）
(D) work on...　　致力于……；着手……
例: Diane spent all night working on her homework assignment.
（黛安一整个晚上都在做作业。）
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (D)。

2. With World AIDS Day, people hope to raise awareness of AIDS and the people living with HIV.
理由:
a. (A) guidance n. 指导，指引
(B) awareness n. 察觉，体认
raise awareness of...　　唤起对于……的意识；使更进一步了解……
例: This commercial was made to raise awareness of breast cancer.
（这个广告是用来让大家更进一步了解乳癌。）
(C) response n. 反应（与 to 并用）
(D) celebration n. 庆祝
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (B)，表借着世界艾滋病日，人们希望大众能对艾滋病及带有人体免疫不全病毒的患者有更进一步的『了解』。

3. In 1988, the World Health Organization declared December 1 World AIDS Day during a summit for AIDS prevention.
理由:
a. (A) declare vt. 宣布
declare A (to be) B　　宣布 A 为 B
例: The mayor declared our city a disaster zone after the earthquake.
（地震过后，市长宣布本市为灾区。）
(B) measure vt. 测量
(C) notify vt. 通知；报告
(D) expose vt. 使接触；使暴露
expose sb/sth to + N/V-ing　　使某人∕某物接触∕暴露于……
例: Traveling exposes you to different cultures.
（旅游能让你接触到不同的文化。）
b. 根据语意及用法，可知应选 (A)，表在艾滋病防预计划的高峰会议上，世界卫生组织『宣布』 12 月 1 号为世界艾滋病日。

4. It has since been put into practice by governments and organizations around the world.
理由:
a. 空格前为完成式助动词 has，后为被动式 been put into practice（被付诸实行），因此空格内应置入副词。选项 (D) until（直到……时）为介词或连接词，故不可选。
b. 选项 (A) once（曾经、一度）及 (B) after（之后）虽可作副词，但 (A) 置入后语意不合，而 (B) 则无置于完成式助动词之后的用法，故均不可选。
c. 选项 (C) since（从那时起、自此以后）作副词时，可用来修饰完成式的句子，since 则可置于句尾或句中完成式助动词 have、has、had 之后。
例: Jim and I met five years ago, and we have since become good friends.
（吉姆和我 5 年前相遇，从那时起我们就一直是好朋友。）
d. 根据上述，故选 (C)，表『自此之后』，全球各国政府及相关组织便将此纪念日付诸实行。

5. ...to publicize the fact that there are an estimated 31 million people with HIV—and 2.5 million of these victims are children.
理由:
a. 本空格测试下列固定用法：
an estimated + 数字　　估计有……
例: There will be an estimated four billion dollars spent on junk food this year.
（今年估计有 40 亿元消费在垃圾食物上。）
b. 根据上述，故选 (B)。

6. This year will repeat last year's highly successful slogan, "Stop AIDS: Keep the Promise."
理由:
a. (A) relieve vt. 解除，缓和
(B) recall vt. 回想，回忆
(C) repeat vt. 重复
例: Excuse me. Can you repeat the question?
（不好意思，你可以把问题重复一次吗？）
(D) remind vt. 提醒
remind sb of sth　　提醒某人某事
例: The article is trying to remind us of the importance of frugality³.
（那篇文章是要提醒我们节俭的重要性。）
b. 根据语意，故选 (C)，表今年的口号则是『继续沿用』去年相当成功的『遏止爱滋，履行承诺』。

7. This slogan will be used until 2010, the year when governments around the world have promised to provide universal access to HIV treatment.
理由:
a. access n. 接近；管道；途径
＊ access 其后通常与介词 to 并用。
例: Students in this school have easy access to the lab.
（这个学校的学生可随时使用实验室。）
b. 根据上述，故选 (A)。

单字小铺

1. worthwhile a. 值得（做）的
2. cause n. 主张，目标
3. summit n. 高峰会议
4. prevention n. 预防
5. object n. 目的，宗旨
6. publicize vt. 公布
7. victim n. 受害者
8. seminar n. 研讨会
9. fundraiser n. 募款活动
10. slogan n. 口号，标语
11. universal a. 普遍的；一般的
12. treatment n. 治疗（法）
13. epidemic n. 传染病，流行病

词组小铺

1. bring attention to + N/V-ing　　使……获得注意
2. all over the world　　世界各地
= around the world

中文翻译＆标准答案

单纯为了引起大众注意某件事而选择一天作为纪念日，这看起来或许微不足道，但对于像艾滋病这种重大议题而言，光靠研究人员及医生努力解决问题是不够的。世界各地的人都有必要了解情况。借着世界艾滋病日，人们希望大众能对艾滋病及带有 HIV（人体免疫不全病毒）的患者有更进一步的了解。

1988 年，在艾滋病防预计划的高峰会议上，世界卫生组织宣布 12 月 1 号为世界艾滋病日。全球各国政府及相关组织从此便将之付诸实行。艾滋病日的目的主要是揭开关于艾滋病的神秘面纱，并让大家知道以下这个事实，就是目前带有 HIV 病毒的患者估计约有 3 千 1 百万人，而其中 250 万的受害者是孩童。每年在世界艾滋病日前后，慈善团体及机构都会举行针对艾滋病相关研究的研讨会、课程以及募款活动。

自世界艾滋病日制订以来，每年都会有一个口号。今年的口号则是继续沿用去年相当成功的『遏止爱滋，履行承诺。』这个口号将会沿用到 2010 年，届时，世界各国政府将履行承诺，提供普及的 HIV 治疗管道。今年的 12 月 1 号，找个时间和朋友聊聊关于艾滋病这传染病的严重性，作为纪念世界艾滋病日的方式。

标准答案: 1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (A)
 

1 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

2 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

3 frugality   

n.节约，节俭

参考例句：

• We must build up our country with industry and frugality.我们必须勤俭建国。
• By frugality she managed to get along on her small salary.凭着节俭，她设法以自己微薄的薪水生活。