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晨读英语美文60篇六级59

时间:2011-04-06 05:20来源:互联网 提供网友:hi6275   字体: [ ]
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[00:00.00]Man Is Altering the Balance of Nature

[00:05.68]The balance of nature is a very elaborate

[00:09.66]and very delicate system of checks and counterchecks.

[00:13.60]It is continually being altered as climates change,

[00:16.66]as new organisms evolve,

[00:18.74]as animals or plants permeate1 to new area.

[00:22.68]But the alternations have in the past,

[00:25.95]for the most part,

[00:27.49]been slow, whereas with the arrival of civilized2 man,

[00:31.09]their speed has been multiplied many fold:

[00:33.83]From the evolutionary3 time scale where change

[00:37.66]is measured by periods of ten or a hundred thousand years,

[00:41.58]they have been transferred to the human time scale

[00:44.67]in which centuries and even decades count.

[00:47.38]Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature.

[00:51.65]He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions,

[00:56.79]sometimes deliberately4,

[00:58.44]sometimes unconsciously.

[01:00.31]He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants,

[01:04.24]or with houses, factories,

[01:06.75]slagheaps and other products of the civilization.

[01:10.26]He exterminates5 some species on a large scale,

[01:13.97]but favours the multiplication6 of others.

[01:16.91]In brief, he has done more in five thousand years

[01:20.65]to alter the biological aspect of the planet

[01:23.38]than has nature in five million.

[01:25.79]Many of these changes

[01:27.64]which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequences.

[01:31.79]Who would have thought that

[01:34.09]the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed

[01:36.81]would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade?

[01:40.88]Or that the provision of pot cacti7 for lonely settlers’ wives

[01:45.36]would have led to Eastern Australia

[01:47.53]being overrun with forest of Prickly Pear?

[01:50.29]Who would have prophesied8 that the cutting down of forests

[01:54.11]on the Adriatic coasts,

[01:55.98]or in the parts of Central Africa,

[01:58.04]could have reached the land to semi desert,

[02:01.11]with the very soil washed away from the bare rock?

[02:04.50]Who would have thought that improved communications

[02:08.10]would have changed history

[02:09.86]by the spreading of disease—

[02:11.62]sleeping sickness into East Africa,

[02:14.01]measles into Oceania,

[02:16.13]very possibly malaria9 into ancient Greece?

[02:19.73]These are spectacular examples;

[02:22.34]but examples on a smaller scale are everywhere to be found.

[02:26.30]We make a nature sanctuary10 for rare birds,

[02:29.68]prescribing absolute security for all species;

[02:33.18]and we may find that some common

[02:35.48]and hardy11 kind of bird multiplies beyond measure

[02:39.31]and ousts12 the rare kinds in which we are particularly interested.

[02:43.13]We see, owing to some little change brought about by civilization,

[02:47.72]the startling spread over the English countryside in hordes13.

[02:52.22]We improve the yielding capacities of our cattle;

[02:55.50]and find that now they exhaust the pastures

[02:58.88]which sufficed for less exigent stock.

[03:01.63]We gaily14 set about killing15 the carnivores that molest16 our domestic animals,

[03:06.44]the hawks17 that eat our fowls18 and game-birds;

[03:09.49]and find that in so doing we are also removing the brake

[03:13.75]that restrains the multiplication of mice

[03:16.28]and other little rodents19 that gnaw20 away the farmer’s profits.


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1 permeate 0uWyg     
v.弥漫,遍布,散布;渗入,渗透
参考例句:
  • Water will easily permeate a cotton dress.水很容易渗透棉布衣服。
  • After a while it begins to permeate through your skin.过了一会,它会开始渗入你的皮肤。
2 civilized UwRzDg     
a.有教养的,文雅的
参考例句:
  • Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
  • rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为
3 evolutionary Ctqz7m     
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
参考例句:
  • Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
4 deliberately Gulzvq     
adv.审慎地;蓄意地;故意地
参考例句:
  • The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
  • They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。
5 exterminates 3d58434afd6202679425557f39bbf4c6     
n.消灭,根绝( exterminate的名词复数 )v.消灭,根绝( exterminate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favours the multiplication of others. 他使有些物种大批消亡,却造成有利条件使另外一些物种成倍地增加。 来自互联网
6 multiplication i15yH     
n.增加,增多,倍增;增殖,繁殖;乘法
参考例句:
  • Our teacher used to drum our multiplication tables into us.我们老师过去老是让我们反覆背诵乘法表。
  • The multiplication of numbers has made our club building too small.会员的增加使得我们的俱乐部拥挤不堪。
7 cacti gSuyU     
n.(复)仙人掌
参考例句:
  • There we could see nothing but cacti.那里除了仙人掌我们什么也看不到。
  • Cacti can survive the lack of rainfall in the desert.仙人掌在降水稀少的沙漠中也能生存下去。
8 prophesied 27251c478db94482eeb550fc2b08e011     
v.预告,预言( prophesy的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • She prophesied that she would win a gold medal. 她预言自己将赢得金牌。
  • She prophesied the tragic outcome. 她预言有悲惨的结果。 来自《简明英汉词典》
9 malaria B2xyb     
n.疟疾
参考例句:
  • He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
  • Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。
10 sanctuary iCrzE     
n.圣所,圣堂,寺庙;禁猎区,保护区
参考例句:
  • There was a sanctuary of political refugees behind the hospital.医院后面有一个政治难民的避难所。
  • Most countries refuse to give sanctuary to people who hijack aeroplanes.大多数国家拒绝对劫机者提供庇护。
11 hardy EenxM     
adj.勇敢的,果断的,吃苦的;耐寒的
参考例句:
  • The kind of plant is a hardy annual.这种植物是耐寒的一年生植物。
  • He is a hardy person.他是一个能吃苦耐劳的人。
12 ousts 74340437f1e5c8ae921d1630f4361b28     
驱逐( oust的第三人称单数 ); 革职; 罢黜; 剥夺
参考例句:
13 hordes 8694e53bd6abdd0ad8c42fc6ee70f06f     
n.移动着的一大群( horde的名词复数 );部落
参考例句:
  • There are always hordes of tourists here in the summer. 夏天这里总有成群结队的游客。
  • Hordes of journalists jostled for position outside the conference hall. 大群记者在会堂外争抢位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
14 gaily lfPzC     
adv.欢乐地,高兴地
参考例句:
  • The children sing gaily.孩子们欢唱着。
  • She waved goodbye very gaily.她欢快地挥手告别。
15 killing kpBziQ     
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
参考例句:
  • Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
  • Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
16 molest 7wOyH     
vt.骚扰,干扰,调戏
参考例句:
  • If the man continues to molest her,I promise to keep no measures with the delinquent.如果那人继续对她进行骚扰,我将对他这个违法者毫不宽容。
  • If I were gone,all these would molest you.如果没有我,这一切都会来骚扰你。
17 hawks c8b4f3ba2fd1208293962d95608dd1f1     
鹰( hawk的名词复数 ); 鹰派人物,主战派人物
参考例句:
  • Two hawks were hover ing overhead. 两只鹰在头顶盘旋。
  • Both hawks and doves have expanded their conditions for ending the war. 鹰派和鸽派都充分阐明了各自的停战条件。
18 fowls 4f8db97816f2d0cad386a79bb5c17ea4     
鸟( fowl的名词复数 ); 禽肉; 既不是这; 非驴非马
参考例句:
  • A great number of water fowls dwell on the island. 许多水鸟在岛上栖息。
  • We keep a few fowls and some goats. 我们养了几只鸡和一些山羊。
19 rodents 1ff5f0f12f2930e77fb620b1471a2124     
n.啮齿目动物( rodent的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Rodents carry diseases and are generally regarded as pests. 啮齿目动物传播疾病,常被当作害虫对待。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Some wild rodents in Africa also harbor the virus. 在非洲,有些野生啮齿动物也是储毒者。 来自辞典例句
20 gnaw E6kyH     
v.不断地啃、咬;使苦恼,折磨
参考例句:
  • Dogs like to gnaw on a bone.狗爱啃骨头。
  • A rat can gnaw a hole through wood.老鼠能啃穿木头。
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