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1998年1月大学英语四级听力真题及参考答案

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19981月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案

 

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Example: 
You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.

From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]

1. 
A) The man wants to attend tomorrow’s show.
B) There aren’t any tickets left for tonight’s show.
C) There aren’t any tickets left for tomorrow’s show.
D) The man doesn’t want to attend tomorrow’s show.

2. 
A) Detective stories.
B) Stories about jail escapes.
C) Love stories.
D) Stories about royal families.

3. 
A) It was a long lecture, but easy to understand.
B) It was not as easy as she had thought.
C) It was as difficult as she had expected.
D) It was interesting and easy to follow.

4. 
A) To put him through to the director.
B) To have a talk with the director about his work.
C) To arrange an appointment for him with the director.
D) To go and see if the director can meet him right now.

5. 
A) Margaret wanted to return some magazines to the woman.
B) Margaret wanted to lend some magazines to the woman.
C) Margaret wanted to borrow some magazines from the woman.
D) Margaret wanted to get some magazines back from the woman.

6. 
A) He doesn’t care much about it.
B) He enjoys it very much.
C) He doesn’t mind even though it’s tedious.
D) He hates working overtime2.

7. 
A) The woman doesn’t think it exciting to travel by air.
B) They’ll stay at home during the holidays.
C) They are offered some plane tickets for their holidays.
D) They’ll be flying somewhere for their vacation.

8. 
A) Something went wrong with the bus.
B) She took somebody to hospital.
C) Something prevented her from catching3 the bus.
D) She came on foot instead of taking a bus.

9. 
A) Do her homework.
B) Clean the backyard.
C) Wash clothes.
D) Enjoy the beautiful day.

10. 
A) The man is looking for a place to live in.
B) The man has a house for rent.
C) The woman is a secretary.
D) The two speakers are old friends.

Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact works you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact works you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

  Very few people can get college degree before 11, but Michael was an exception. He started high school when he was 5, finish in just nine months. He became the (S1) ___________ youngest college graduate when he was 10 years and 4 months old, earning an (S2) _____________ degree. Now at 11 Michael’s working on a master’s degree in (S3) ___________ intelligence.

  But Michaels (S4) ___________ hasn’t always come easy. (S5) _________ his intelligence. He still lacks important life (S6) ________________.

  In one class, he had to struggle to understand (S7) ____________ novels, because, he says, “I’ve never been in love before.”

  Another challenge was his size. (S8)________________________________.
He likes computers so much (S9) ________________________________________.
He wants to make robots do all the heavy tasks. (S10) __________________________.

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

  In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition(学会)of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting4 to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

  Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are sever5 over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.

  As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency6 is very important in parental7 teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

  A sudden awareness8 of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

11. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _________.
 A) should be avoided
 B) is universal among parents
 C) sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
 D) will make him lose interest in learning new things

12. In the process of children’s learning new skills parents ______.
A) should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B) should not expect too much of them
C) should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D) should create as many learning opportunities as possible

13. The second paragraph mainly tells us that __________.
A) parents should be strict with their children
B) parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
C) parental restrictions9 vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone
D) parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation

14. The word “precept” (Line 3, Para.3) probably means “_________”.
 A) idea
 B) punishment
 C) behavior
 D) instruction

15. In moral matters, parents should __________.
 A) observe the rules themselves
 B) be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
 C) forbid things which have no foundation in morality
 D) consistently ensure the security of their children

Passage Two
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

  A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable10 first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features(特写)as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and not glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers variety to attract many different readers, but far more than nay11 one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality(时事性), its immediate12 relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. but immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what papers in a newspaper has no more than transient(短暂的)value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day’s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently13, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

16. A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its _________.
 A) wide coverage14
 B) uniform style
 C) speed in reporting news
 D) popularity

17. According to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the “same” newspaper is that ________.
 A) people scan for the news they are interested in
 B) different people prefer different newspapers
 C) people are rarely interested in the same kind of news
 D) people have different views about what a good newspaper is

18. It can be conclude from the passage that newspaper readers ________.
 A) apply reading techniques skillfully
 B) jump from one newspaper to another
 C) appreciate the variety of a newspaper
 D) usually read a newspaper selectively

19. A good newspaper offers “a variety” to readers because _________.
 A) it tries to serve different readers
 B) it has to cover things that happen in a certain locality
 C) readers are difficult to please
 D) readers like to read different newspapers

20. The best title for this passage would be “__________”.
 A) The Importance of Newspaper Topicality
 B) The Characteristics of a Good Newspaper
 C) The Variety of a Good Newspaper
 D) Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper

Passage Three
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

  American society is not nap(午睡)friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “There’s even a prohibition15 against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote proverb: “Some  sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.”

  Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping”, says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research.

  Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt, the commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(打瞌睡)every afternoon.

  About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a midafternoon quiet phase” also called “a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap.

  We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.

21. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is _______.
 A) unreasonable16
 B) criminal
 C) harmful
 D) costly17

22. The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans ________.
 A) don’t like to take naps
 B) are terribly worried about their national debt
 C) sleep less than is good for them
 D) have caused many industrial and traffic accidents

23. The purpose of this article is to ___________.
 A) warn us of the wickedness of napping
 B) explain the danger of sleepiness
 C) discuss the side effects of napping
 D) convince the reader of the necessity of napping

24. The “American sleep debt” (Line 1, Para.3) is the result of _________.
 A) the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep
 B) the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration
 C) the rapid development of American industry
 D) the Americans’ worry about the danger of sleepiness

25. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is __________.
 A) preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift
 B) good practice to eat something light before we go to bed
 C) essential to make up for cost sleep
 D) natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it

Passage Four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

  Violin prodigies18(神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear, he told me. They were all Jews(犹太人)and Jews at the time were severely19 oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence20 on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.

  Another element in the emergence21 of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture(培育)talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing22 societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.

  Thats a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy23 .J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.

26. Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because _________.
 A) it would allow them access to a better life in the West
 B) Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent
 C) they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
 D) it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country

27. Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that, _________.
 A) enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence
 B) treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development
 C) encourage people to compete with each other
 D) promise talented children high positions

28. Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to _________.
 A) all-round development
 B) the learning of Western music
 C) strict training of children
 D) variety in academic studies

29. Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?
 A) A natural gift.
 B) Extensive knowledge of music.
 C) Very early training.
 D) A prejudice-free society.

30. Which of the following titles best summarises the main idea of the passage?
 A) Jewish Contribution to Music.
 B) Training of Musicians in the World
 C) Music and Society
 D) The Making of Prodigies

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

31 Although punctual himself, the professor was quite ________ used late for his lecture.
 A) to have students 
 B) for students’ being
 C) for students to be 
 D) to students’ being

32 You should have been more patient ________ that customer; I’m sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.
 A) of 
 B) with
 C) for 
 D) at

33 Neither of the young men who had applied24 for a position in the university _______.
 A) has been accepted 
 B) have been accepted
 C) was accepted 
 D) were accepted

34 This box is too heavy, ________ give me a hand?
 A) would you mind 
 B) would you please
 C) will you like to 
 D) will you please to

35 __________ he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
 A) As soon as 
 B) As well as
 C) So far as 
 D) So long as

36 As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town __________ 50 households or more.
 A) having  
 B) to have
 C) to have had 
 D) having had

37 People appreciate __________ with him because he has a good sense of humor.
 A) to work 
 B) to have worked
 C) working 
 D) having worked

38 The man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _______ himself.
 A) injure 
 B) had injured
 C) injured 
 D) would injure

39 We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield ________ any military threat.
 A) up 
 B) to
 C) in 
 D) at

40 Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded __________ other more well-informed experimenters failed.
 A) which 
 B) that
 C) what 
 D) where

41 If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, ________ would be getting sick.
 A) a lot of more us
 B) more a lot of us
 C) a lot of us more 
 D) a lot more of us

42 Living in the central Australian desert has its problems. _________ obtaining water is not the least.
 A) for which 
 B) to which
 C) of which 
 D) in which

43 Which sport has the most expenses _______ training equipment, players’ personal equipment and uniforms?
 A) in place of 
 B) in terms of
 C) by means of 
 D) by way of

44 They are going to have the serviceman _________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.
 A) install 
 B) to install
 C) to be installed 
 D) installed

45 I’m sure he is up to the job __________ he would give his mind to it.
 A) if only 
 B) in case
 C) until 
 D) unless

46 The car _______ halfway25 for no reason.
 A) broke off 
 B) broke down
 C) broke up 
 D) broke out

47 The newcomers found it impossible to ______ themselves to the climate sufficiently26 to make permanent homes in the new country.
 A) suit 
 B) adapt
 C) regulate 
 D) coordinate27

48 A __________ to this problem is expected to be found before long.
 A) result 
 B) response
 C) settlement 
 D) solution

49 You have nothing to __________ by refusing to listen to our advice.
 A) gain 
 B) grasp
 C) seize 
 D) earn

50 As a result of careless washing the jacket ________ to a child’s size.
 A) compressed 
 B) shrank
 C) dropped 
 D) decreased

51 He hoped the firm would _________ him to the Paris branch.
 A) exchange 
 B) transmit
 C) transfer 
 D) remove

52 Having decided28 to rent a flat, we __________ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.
 A) set about 
 B) set down
 C) set out 
 D) set up

53 The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ________.
 A) originally 
 B) extremely
 C) violently 
 D) intensively

54 __________ their differences. The couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other.
 A) But for 
 B) For all
 C) Above all 
 D) Except for

55 One day I _________ a newspaper article about the retirement29 of an English professor at a nearby state college.
 A) came across 
 B) came about
 C) came after 
 D) came at

56 She was complaining that the doctor was ________ too much for the treatment he was giving her.
 A) expending30  
 B) offering
 C) costing 
 D) charging

57 The manager spoke1 highly of such _______ as loyalty31, courage and truthfulness32 shown by his employees.
 A) virtues 
 B) features
 C) properties 
 D) characteristics

58 Since the matter was extremely _______, we dealt with it immediately.
 A) tough 
 B) tense
 C) urgent 
 D) instant

59 You don’t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you _______ on business first.
 A) would go 
 B) will go
 C) went 
 D) have gone

60 When I try to understand ________ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
 A) why it does 
 B) what it does
 C) what it is 
 D) why it is

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

  During recent years we have heard much about race: how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the ___61___ phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications.

  We judge race usually ___62___ the colouring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But ___63___ you were to remove the skin you could not ___64___ anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is ___65___ in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to ___66___ a difference.

  There are four types of blood. ___67___ types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the ___68___. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will ___69___ in size, but this occurs within every race. ___70___ does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain ___71___ examined belonged to a person of weak ___72___. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished33, people have had ___73___ brains.

  Mental tests which are reasonably ___74___ show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. ___75___ equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical34 location.
Individuals of every race ___76___ civilization to go backward or forward. Training and education can change the response of a group of people ___77___ enable them to behave in a ___78___ way.

  The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new ___79___ is better and higher than anything ___80___ the past.

61. A) complete B) full C) total D) whole
62. A) in B) from C) at D) on
63. A) since B) if C) as D) while
64. A) speak B) talk C) tell D) mention
65. A) something B) everything C) nothing D) anything
66. A) display B) indicate C) demonstrate D) appear
67. A) All B) Most C) No D) Some
68. A) same B) identical C) similar D) alike
69. A) remain B) increase C) decrease D) vary
70. A) Only B) Or C) Nor D) So
71. A) ever B) then C) never D) once
72. A) health B) body C) mind D) thought
73. A) big B) small C) minor D) major
74. A) true B) exact C) certain D) accurate
75. A) Provided B) Concerning C) Given D) Following
76. A) make B) cause C) move D) turn
77. A) and B) but C) though D) so
78. A) ordinary B) peculiar C) usual D) common
79. A) that B) what C) whichever D) whatever
80. A) for B) to C) within D) in

Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1. 目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)。为什么会有这种现象?
2.
举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。


Harmfulness of Fake Commodities


参考答案:
1. B  2. C  3. B  4. C  5. D 6. B  7. D  8. A  9. C  10. A
11. B 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B
21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D
31. D 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
41. A 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B
51. A 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. B 60. C
61. C 62. B 63. A 64. A 65. D 66. C 67.  68.  69.  70.
71. A 72. C 73. B 74. D 75. C 76. B 77. A 78. D 79. A 80. D
S1. world’s S2.architectural  S3. artificial S4. success
S5. Despite S6.experiences  S7. romantic
S8. High school physical education was difficult because all of the equipment was too big for the then five-year-old student.
S9. that in graduate school he was studying how to make them think like people.
S10. Michael is smart, but he is like every other kid.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
2 overtime aKqxn     
adj.超时的,加班的;adv.加班地
参考例句:
  • They are working overtime to finish the work.为了完成任务他们正在加班加点地工作。
  • He was paid for the overtime he worked.他领到了加班费。
3 catching cwVztY     
adj.易传染的,有魅力的,迷人的,接住
参考例句:
  • There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
  • Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。
4 tempting wgAzd4     
a.诱人的, 吸引人的
参考例句:
  • It is tempting to idealize the past. 人都爱把过去的日子说得那么美好。
  • It was a tempting offer. 这是个诱人的提议。
5 sever wTXzb     
v.切开,割开;断绝,中断
参考例句:
  • She wanted to sever all her connections with the firm.她想断绝和那家公司的所有联系。
  • We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。
6 consistency IY2yT     
n.一贯性,前后一致,稳定性;(液体的)浓度
参考例句:
  • Your behaviour lacks consistency.你的行为缺乏一贯性。
  • We appreciate the consistency and stability in China and in Chinese politics.我们赞赏中国及其政策的连续性和稳定性。
7 parental FL2xv     
adj.父母的;父的;母的
参考例句:
  • He encourages parental involvement in the running of school.他鼓励学生家长参与学校的管理。
  • Children always revolt against parental disciplines.孩子们总是反抗父母的管束。
8 awareness 4yWzdW     
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
参考例句:
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
9 restrictions 81e12dac658cfd4c590486dd6f7523cf     
约束( restriction的名词复数 ); 管制; 制约因素; 带限制性的条件(或规则)
参考例句:
  • I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
  • a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制
10 remarkable 8Vbx6     
adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的
参考例句:
  • She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
  • These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。
11 nay unjzAQ     
adv.不;n.反对票,投反对票者
参考例句:
  • He was grateful for and proud of his son's remarkable,nay,unique performance.他为儿子出色的,不,应该是独一无二的表演心怀感激和骄傲。
  • Long essays,nay,whole books have been written on this.许多长篇大论的文章,不,应该说是整部整部的书都是关于这件事的。
12 immediate aapxh     
adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的
参考例句:
  • His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
  • We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。
13 efficiently ZuTzXQ     
adv.高效率地,有能力地
参考例句:
  • The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
  • Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。
14 coverage nvwz7v     
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
参考例句:
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
15 prohibition 7Rqxw     
n.禁止;禁令,禁律
参考例句:
  • The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
  • They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。
16 unreasonable tjLwm     
adj.不讲道理的,不合情理的,过度的
参考例句:
  • I know that they made the most unreasonable demands on you.我知道他们对你提出了最不合理的要求。
  • They spend an unreasonable amount of money on clothes.他们花在衣服上的钱太多了。
17 costly 7zXxh     
adj.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的
参考例句:
  • It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
  • This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用,左不过贵了些。
18 prodigies 352859314f7422cfeba8ad2800e139ec     
n.奇才,天才(尤指神童)( prodigy的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • It'seldom happened that a third party ever witnessed any of these prodigies. 这类壮举发生的时候,难得有第三者在场目睹过。 来自辞典例句
  • She is by no means inferior to other prodigies. 她绝不是不如其他神童。 来自互联网
19 severely SiCzmk     
adv.严格地;严厉地;非常恶劣地
参考例句:
  • He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
  • He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。
20 excellence ZnhxM     
n.优秀,杰出,(pl.)优点,美德
参考例句:
  • His art has reached a high degree of excellence.他的艺术已达到炉火纯青的地步。
  • My performance is far below excellence.我的表演离优秀还差得远呢。
21 emergence 5p3xr     
n.浮现,显现,出现,(植物)突出体
参考例句:
  • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
  • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生,随着社会的发展而发展的。
22 nurturing d35e8f9c6b6b0f1c54ced7de730a6241     
养育( nurture的现在分词 ); 培育; 滋长; 助长
参考例句:
  • These delicate plants need careful nurturing. 这些幼嫩的植物需要精心培育。
  • The modern conservatory is not an environment for nurturing plants. 这个现代化温室的环境不适合培育植物。
23 prodigy n14zP     
n.惊人的事物,奇迹,神童,天才,预兆
参考例句:
  • She was a child prodigy on the violin.她是神童小提琴手。
  • He was always a Negro prodigy who played barbarously and wonderfully.他始终是一个黑人的奇才,这种奇才弹奏起来粗野而惊人。
24 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
25 halfway Xrvzdq     
adj.中途的,不彻底的,部分的;adv.半路地,在中途,在半途
参考例句:
  • We had got only halfway when it began to get dark.走到半路,天就黑了。
  • In study the worst danger is give up halfway.在学习上,最忌讳的是有始无终。
26 sufficiently 0htzMB     
adv.足够地,充分地
参考例句:
  • It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
  • The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。
27 coordinate oohzt     
adj.同等的,协调的;n.同等者;vt.协作,协调
参考例句:
  • You must coordinate what you said with what you did.你必须使你的言行一致。
  • Maybe we can coordinate the relation of them.或许我们可以调和他们之间的关系。
28 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
29 retirement TWoxH     
n.退休,退职
参考例句:
  • She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
  • I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。
30 expending 2bc25f0be219ef94a9ff43e600aae5eb     
v.花费( expend的现在分词 );使用(钱等)做某事;用光;耗尽
参考例句:
  • The heart pumps by expending and contracting of muscle. 心脏通过收缩肌肉抽取和放出(血液)。 来自互联网
  • Criminal action is an action of expending cost and then producing profit. 刑事诉讼是一种需要支付成本、能够产生收益的活动。 来自互联网
31 loyalty gA9xu     
n.忠诚,忠心
参考例句:
  • She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
  • His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。
32 truthfulness 27c8b19ec00cf09690f381451b0fa00c     
n. 符合实际
参考例句:
  • Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多的美德,如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。
  • I fired a hundred questions concerning the truthfulness of his statement. 我对他发言的真实性提出一连串质问。
33 distinguished wu9z3v     
adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的
参考例句:
  • Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。
  • A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。
34 geographical Cgjxb     
adj.地理的;地区(性)的
参考例句:
  • The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围內进行。
  • These birds have a wide geographical distribution.这些鸟的地理分布很广。
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