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1998年1月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案

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1998
1月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案


Part Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A
Directions: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was s aid. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause you must read the four suggested answers marked A)B)C)and D) and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Example: You will hear:
You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours.

From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)"5 hours" is the correct answer. You should choose D on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.

Sample Answer
A][B][C][D

1. A) Swimming. B) Playing tennis. C) Boating. D) Playing table tennis.

2. A) She is going to Finland. B) She has visitors next week.
C) She has guests at her home. D) She has just visited him this week.

3. A) Get some coins at the cafe. B) Buy her a cup of coffee at the cafe.
C) Get some coffee from the machine. D) Try to fix the machine.

4. A) They spent three hundred dollars on their vacation.
B) They drew money than they should have from the bank.
C) They lost their bankbook.
D) They had only three hundred dollars in the bank.

5. A) To find out her position in the company.
B) To apply for a job.
C) To offer her a position in the company.
D) To make an appointment with the sales manager.

6. A) He is surprised. B) He feels very happy.
C) He is indifferent. D) He feels very angry.

7. A) He hasn't cleaned his room since Linda visited him.
B) Linda is the only person who ever comes to see him.
C) He's been too busy to clean his room.
D) Cleaning is the last thing he wants to do.

8. A) She is a generous woman by nature. B) It doesn't have a back cover.
C) She feels the man's apology is enough. D) It is no longer of any use to her.

9. A) To remind him of the data he should take to the conference.
B) To see if he is ready for the coming conference.
C) To tell him something about the conference.
D) To help him prepare for the conference.

10. A) The long wait.
B) The broken
?down computer.
C) The mistakes in her telephone bill.
D) The bad telephone service.

Section B

Directions: In this section
you will hear 3 short passages. At t he end of each passage you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). The mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 11 to l3 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11. A) About 45 million. B) About 50 million.
C) About 5.4 million. D) About 4.5 million.

12. A) The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.
B) The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.
C) They exist only in small communities.
D) They only put on shows that are educational.

13. A) It provides them with the opportunity to watch performances for free.
B) It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.
C) It gives them the chance to do something creative.
D) It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.

Passage Two
Questions 14 to l6 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14. A) They are usually more clever.
B) They get tired easily.
C) They are more likely to make minor2 mental errors.
D) They are more skillful in handling equipment.

15. A) It had its limitations.
B) Its results were regarded as final.
C) It was supported by the government.
D) It was not sound theoretically.

16. A) Their lack of concentration resulting from mental stress.
B) The lack of consideration for them in equipment design.
C) The probability of their getting excited easily.
D) Their slowness in responding.

Passage Three
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

17. A) 18 American undergraduates. B) 18 American postgraduates3.
C) 18 overseas undergraduates. D) 18 overseas postgraduates.

18. A) Family relations. B) social problems.
C) Family planning. D) Personal matters.

19. A) Red. B) Blue. C) Green. D) Purple.

20. A) The five questions were not well designed.
B) Not all the questionnaires were returned.
C) Only a small number of students were surveyed.
D) Some of the answers to the questionnaire were not valid4.

 

Part Reading Comprehension (35 minutes )

Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are four choices marked A)
B)C) and D). you should dicide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin
?deep. One's physical asset s and liabilities don't count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.

Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not
?so?beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conslusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically5 attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.

Un
?American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚) while acting6 just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group- college students, or teachers or corporate7 personel mangers-a piece of paper relating an individual's accomplishments8. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some s how a strikingly attractive person, some an average?looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.

Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire9(
追求) to managerial positions do not g et on as well as women who may be less attractive.

21. According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as
a manager _____.

A) a person's preoperty or debts do not matter much
B) a person's outward appearance is not a critical qualification
C) women should always dress fashionably
D) women should not only be attractive but also high
?minded

22. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that ______.

A) people do not realize the importance of looking one's best
B) women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well
C) good
?looking women aspire to managerial positions
D) attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not

23. Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on
certain attributes ______.

A) they observe the principle that beauty is only skin
?deep
B) they do not usually act according to the views they support
C) they give ordinary
?looking persons the lowest ratings
D) they tend to base their judgment10 on the individual's accomplishments

24. "Good looks cut both ways for women"(Line 1, Para.5) means that _______.

A) attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobs
B) good
?looking women always get the best of everything
C) being attractive is not always an advantage for women
D) attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions

25. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world _____.

A) handsome men are not affected11 as much by their looks as attractive women are
B) physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well
C) physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along
quite well
D) good looks are important for women as they are for men

Question 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population , the factory farming industry also argues that "hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry12(
家禽) industry". In fact, rather than helping13 the fight against malnutrition14(营养不良) in "hungry nations,"the spread of factory farming has, inevitably15 aggravated16 the problem.

Large
?scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources.
This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal's process of digestion17 and cell replacement18. Neither, in the ca se of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.

This means one has to feed approximately 9--10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous19. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life .

Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational20 company has this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britain's largest suppliers chickens, Ross Breeders, are also involved in projects all over the world.

Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourge it. In 1979 , a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix21 Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once.

But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed22. Such chicken
?raising demands capital for building and machinery23, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens with potential famine?relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladesh's main import s is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken?

26. In this passage the author argues that _____.

A) efficiency must be raised in the poultry industry
B) raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grain
C) factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countries
D) hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry

27. According to the author,in factory,vegetable food ______.

A) is easy for chickens to digest.
B) is insufficient24 for the needs of poultry
C) is fully25 utilised in meat and egg production
D) is inefficiently26 converted into meat and eggs

28. Western governments encourage the poultry industry in Asia because th ey regard it
as an effective way to __________.

A) boost their own exports
B) alleviate27 malnutrition in Asian countries
C) create job opportunities in Asian countries
D) promote the exports of Asian countries

29. The word"carcass"(Line 2, Para.3) most probably means"__________ ".

A) vegetables preserved for future use
B) the dead body of an animal ready to be cut into meat
C) expensive food that consumers can hardly afford
D) meat canned for future consumption

30. What the last paragraph tells us is the author's _________ .

A) detailed28 analysis of the ways of raising poultry in Bangladesh
B) great appreciation29 of the development of poultry industry in Bangladesh
C) critical view on the development of the poultry industry in Bangladesh
D) practical suggestion for the improvement of the poultry industry in Bangladesh

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates31 from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other more causes.

Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.

Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva32(
唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil?smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide( 化物).

Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen
?rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulrue?producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic"morning breath".

Alcohol hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise
?anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though it's not understood why. Some people's breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.

Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively33 few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.

For most of us, the simple, dry
?mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured . Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.

Those with chronic34 dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry
?mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.

Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad
? breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don't necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus(粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol-as most do-it can intensify35 the problem by drying out the mouth.

31. The phrase "emanate30 from"in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".

A) thrive on B) account for
C) originate from D) descend36 from

32. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?

A) Tooth trouble B) Sulfur37
?rich food.
C) Too much exercise. D) Mental strain.

33. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainly because
______.

A) it keeps offending bacteria from reproducing
B) its smell adds to bad dreath
C) it kills some helpful bacteria
D) it affects the normal flow of saliva

34. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because _______.

A) they can't mask the bad odor long enough
B) they can't get to all the offending bacteria
C) their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worse.
D) they can't cover the thick layers of mucus

35. We can infer from this passage that __________.

A) offensive breath can't easily be cured
B) elderly people are less offended by bad breath
C) heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breath
D) offensive breath is less affected by alcohol

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

"Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major Credit cards accepted!"

By the millions they are coming
?no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masslonging for a better living. These are the wealthy. "We don't have a budget, " says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York City's South Street. "We just use our credit cards."

The U.S. has long been one of the world's most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; then came the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies. Now the U.S., still the world's superpower, can also claim to be the world's bargain basement(
廉价商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail38 prices-anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia-have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That's up from $74 billion the year before.

True, not everyone comes just for brains. There remains39 an undeniable fascination40 in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood film s and U.S. television series. But shopping the U.S.A. is proving irresistible41. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge(
无节制) has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Par1 k or sunbathing42 on a beach in Florida.

The U.S. has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: t he pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but is does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit43 at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the U.S. needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the U.S. stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveller versus44 the American s' four nights and $298.

36. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her_______.

A) are reluctant to carry cash with them
B) simply don't care how much they spend
C) are not good at planning their expenditure45
D) often spend more money than they can afford

37. The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that __________.

A) it saw an unusually large number of tourists to the U.S.
B) it witnessed a drop in the number of tourists to the U.S.
C) tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the U.S. dollar that year
D) tourists came to the U.S. for sightseeing rather than for bargains that year

38. By saying "nobody undersells America" (Line 4, Para.3), the author means that ____.

A) no other country underestimates the competitiveness of American products
B) nobody expects the Americans to cut the prices of their commodities
C) nobody restrains the selling of American goods
D) no other country sells at a lower price that America

39. Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating t o foreigners?

A) Because they have gained much publicity46 through the American media.
B) Because they represent the world's latest fashions.
C) Because they embody47 the most sophisticated technology.
D) Because they are available at all tourist destinations.

40. From the passage we can conclude that the U.S. has come to realize __ ________.

A) the weakening if the U.S. dollar can result in trade deficits48
B) the lower the retail prices, the greater the profits
C) tourism can make great contributions to its economy
D) visitors to the U.S. are wealthier than U.S. tourists abroad

 

Part Vocabulary (20 minutes)

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)
B)C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer She et with a single line through the centre.

41. His career was not noticeably ______by the fact that h e had never been to college.

A) prevented B) prevented C) hindered D) refrained

42. When trapped in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be ______ in deeper.

A) absorbed B) pushed C) heaved D) sucked

43. To ____ for his unpleasant experiences he drank a little more than was good for him.

A) commence B) compromise C) compensate50 D) compliment

44. All visitors are requested to __________ with the regulations.

A) comply B) agree C) assist D) consent

45. The captain __________ the horizon for approaching ships.

A) scanned B) scrutinized51 C) explored D) swept

46. The vast majority of people in any given culture will _____established standards of
that culture.

A) confine B) conform C) confront D) confirm

47. Although he was on a diet, the food __________ him enormously.

A) inspired B) tempted52 C) overcame D) encouraged

48. His argument does not suggest that mankind can _____ to be wasteful53 in the
utilization54 of these resources.

A) resort B) grant C) afford D) entitle

49. If you want this pain killer55, you'll have to ask the doctor for a ______.

A) receipt B) recipe C) subscription56 D) prescription57

50. Some fish have a greater __________ for acid water than others.

A) tolerance58 B) resistance C) dependence59 D) persietence

51. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in _____ with
its surroundings.

A) coincidence B) harmony C) uniform D) alliance

52. The court considers a financial ______ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.

A) payment B) obligation C) option D) penalty

53. It is true that____ a wild plant into a major food crop such as wheat requires much
research time.

A) multiplying B) breeding C) magnifying D) generating

54. The government has devoted60 a larger slice of its national ______ to agriculture than
most other countries.

A) resources B) potential C) budget D) economy

55. In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is ______.

A) luxury B) accommodation C) entertainment D) refreshment61

56. Some criminals were printing __________ dollar bills until they were arrested.

A) decent B) fake C) patent D) suspicious

57. Mr. Bloom is not __________ now, but he will be famous someday.

A) significant B) dominant62 C) magnificent D) prominent

58. His body temperature has been _____ for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5
degree centigrade.

A) uncommon63 B) disordered C) abnormal D) extraordinary

59. He seems to be __________ enough to climb to the mountain top in an hour.

A) radiant B) conscientious64 C) conspicuous65 D) energetic

60. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness their eyes are much more __________ to
light than are human eyes.

A) glowing B) brilliant C) sensitive D) gloomy

61. While nuclear weapons present grave __________ dangers, the predominant crisis of
overpopulation is with us today.

A) inevitable66 B) constant C) overwhelming D) potential

62. This is the ______ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.

A) true B) original C) real D) genuine

63. Comparison and contrast are often used __________ in advertisements.

A) intentionally67 B) pertinently68 C) incidentally D) tiresomely69

64. A complete investigation70 into the causes of the accident should lead to improved
standards and should __________ new operating procedures.

A) result is B) match with C) subject to D) proceed with

65. ______ popular belief that classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicity71
that only a genius can create.

A) Subject to B) Contrary to C) Familiar to D) Similar to

66. The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from six very
different countries
?across Antarctica; we proved in the end that we weren't very
different __________.

A) for all B) as usual C) in particular D) after all

67. Though her parents __________ her musical ability, Jerrilo u's piano playing is
really terrible.

A) pour scorn on B) heap praise upon C) give vent49 to D) cast light upon

68. Some children display an __________ curiosity about every new thing they encounter.

A) incredible B) infectious C) incompatible72 D) inaccessible73

69. Bruce Stephen gripped the __________ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down.

A) stirring B) driving C) steering74 D) revolving75

70. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged____how great their achievements are.

A) in spite of B) in ways of C) in favor of D) in terms of

Part Short Answer Questions (15 minutes )

Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).

One summer my wife Chris and I were invited by friends to row down the Colorado River in a boat. Our expedition included many highly successful people
?the kind who have staffs to take care of life's daily work. But in the wilder rapids, all of us naturally set aside any pretenses(矫饰) and put out backs into every stroke to keep the boat from tumbling over. At each night's encampment, w e all hauled supplies and cleaned dishes. After only two days in the river, people accustomed to being spoiled and indulged had become a team, working together to cope with the unpredictable twists and turns of the river.


I believe that in life
?as well as on boat trips teamwork will make all our journeys successful ones. The rhythms of teamwork have been the rhythms of my life. I played basketball alongside famous players, and the team I now coach, the New York Knicks, has recovered from years of adversity to become a major contender in the 1990s.

I'm persuaded that teamwork is the key to making dreams come true. We all play o n a number of teams in our lives-as part of a family, as a citizen, as a member of an agreement, written or unwritten. It contains the values and goals for every team member.

For example, in the late 1970s a General Motors plant in Fremont, Calif, was the scene of constant warfare76 between labor77 and management. Distrust ran so hight at the labor contract was hundreds of pages of tricky78 legal terms. GM spent mill ions trying to keep the facility up to date, but productivity and quality were continually poor. Absenteeism(
旷工) was so out of control that the production line couldn't even start up on some mornings. Finally in the early 1980s, GM shut down the plant.
GM became convinced that it had to create new production systems based on teamwork. In the mid79
?1980s it reopened the Fremont plant with Toyota, starting from scratch(从零开始) with a much simpler and shorter labor contract. It promise d that executive salaries would be reduced and jobs performed by outside sellers would be given to employees before any layoffs80 were considered. Over a hundred job clssifications were cut to just two. Instead of doing one boring job over an d over, workers agreed to be part of small teams, spending equal time on various tasks.

Questions:(
注意:答题尽量简短,超过10个词要扣分。每条横线限写一个 英语单词,标点符号不占格。)

S1.What comment did the author make about the highly successful people travelling with him?

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________


S2.Why was it easy for boats to tumble over in the Colorado?

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________


S3.What happened to the New York Knicks in the 1980s?

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________

S4.What caused the sharp conflict in the GM plant in the late 1970s?

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________

S5.What spirit was encouraged in the reopened GM plant?

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________



Part
Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes t o write a composition on the topic My View on Fake Commodities. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1.
假冒伪劣商品的危害

2.
怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品

 

19981月大学英语六级考试参考答案

Part
Listening Comprehension

1-10 B B A B B C A D D A

11-20 D A C C A B D D B C

Part
Reading Comprehension

21.B 22.D 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.B 30.C
31.C 32.D 33.D 34.B 35.A 36.B 37.A 38.D 39.A 40.C

Part
Vocabulary Structure

41.C 42.D 43.C 44.A 45.A 46.B 47.B 48.C 49.D 50.A
51.B 52.D 53.C 54.C 55.A 56.B 57.D 58.C 59.D 60.C
61.D 62.B 63.A 64.A 65.B 66.D 67.B 68.A 69.C 70.D

Part
Short Answer Questions

S1.They were used to being spoiled and indulged.

S2.Because the river is full of twists and turns.

S3.It was in adversity.

S4.Distrust and lack of teamwork.

S5.The spirit of teamwork.

Part
Writing()



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 par OK0xR     
n.标准,票面价值,平均数量;adj.票面的,平常的,标准的
参考例句:
  • Sales of nylon have been below par in recent years.近年来尼龙织品的销售额一直不及以往。
  • I don't think his ability is on a par with yours.我认为他的能力不能与你的能力相媲美。
2 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
参考例句:
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
3 postgraduates 9410af3c5282f9b20b3476d2b0db8baf     
研究生( postgraduate的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Professor Zhu will give lectures to the postgraduates [graduate students] this term. 朱教授这学期给研究生开课。
  • These postgraduates were a very talented group. 这些研究生是一群天分很高的学生。
4 valid eiCwm     
adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
参考例句:
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
5 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
6 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
7 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
8 accomplishments 1c15077db46e4d6425b6f78720939d54     
n.造诣;完成( accomplishment的名词复数 );技能;成绩;成就
参考例句:
  • It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments. 那是总统最伟大的成就之一。
  • Among her accomplishments were sewing,cooking,playing the piano and dancing. 她的才能包括缝纫、烹调、弹钢琴和跳舞。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
9 aspire ANbz2     
vi.(to,after)渴望,追求,有志于
参考例句:
  • Living together with you is what I aspire toward in my life.和你一起生活是我一生最大的愿望。
  • I aspire to be an innovator not a follower.我迫切希望能变成个开创者而不是跟随者。
10 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见
参考例句:
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
11 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
12 poultry GPQxh     
n.家禽,禽肉
参考例句:
  • There is not much poultry in the shops. 商店里禽肉不太多。
  • What do you feed the poultry on? 你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?
13 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
14 malnutrition kAhxX     
n.营养不良
参考例句:
  • In Africa, there are a lot of children suffering from severe malnutrition.在非洲有大批严重营养不良的孩子。
  • It is a classic case of malnutrition. 这是营养不良的典型病例。
15 inevitably x7axc     
adv.不可避免地;必然发生地
参考例句:
  • In the way you go on,you are inevitably coming apart.照你们这样下去,毫无疑问是会散伙的。
  • Technological changes will inevitably lead to unemployment.技术变革必然会导致失业。
16 aggravated d0aec1b8bb810b0e260cb2aa0ff9c2ed     
使恶化( aggravate的过去式和过去分词 ); 使更严重; 激怒; 使恼火
参考例句:
  • If he aggravated me any more I shall hit him. 假如他再激怒我,我就要揍他。
  • Far from relieving my cough, the medicine aggravated it. 这药非但不镇咳,反而使我咳嗽得更厉害。
17 digestion il6zj     
n.消化,吸收
参考例句:
  • This kind of tea acts as an aid to digestion.这种茶可助消化。
  • This food is easy of digestion.这食物容易消化。
18 replacement UVxxM     
n.取代,替换,交换;替代品,代用品
参考例句:
  • We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
  • They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。
19 disastrous 2ujx0     
adj.灾难性的,造成灾害的;极坏的,很糟的
参考例句:
  • The heavy rainstorm caused a disastrous flood.暴雨成灾。
  • Her investment had disastrous consequences.She lost everything she owned.她的投资结果很惨,血本无归。
20 multinational FnrzdL     
adj.多国的,多种国籍的;n.多国籍公司,跨国公司
参考例句:
  • The firm was taken over by a multinational consulting firm.这家公司被一个跨国咨询公司收购。
  • He analyzed the relationship between multinational corporations and under-developed countries.他分析了跨国公司和不发达国家之间的关系。
21 phoenix 7Njxf     
n.凤凰,长生(不死)鸟;引申为重生
参考例句:
  • The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
  • The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。
22 unemployed lfIz5Q     
adj.失业的,没有工作的;未动用的,闲置的
参考例句:
  • There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
  • The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。
23 machinery CAdxb     
n.(总称)机械,机器;机构
参考例句:
  • Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗?
  • Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。
24 insufficient L5vxu     
adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的
参考例句:
  • There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
  • In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代,科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
25 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
26 inefficiently 9211d06981a94c4ada75bbf79c2cc096     
adv.无效率地
参考例句:
  • The small family farm is steeped in inefficiently and struggles just to survive. 小农场主陷于无效率的境况中,只为生存下去而苦苦挣扎。 来自辞典例句
  • You can't afford to run businesses inefficiently in this day and age. 在现今,经营商店无能是不行的。 来自互联网
27 alleviate ZxEzJ     
v.减轻,缓和,缓解(痛苦等)
参考例句:
  • The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain.医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。
  • Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
28 detailed xuNzms     
adj.详细的,详尽的,极注意细节的,完全的
参考例句:
  • He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
  • A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。
29 appreciation Pv9zs     
n.评价;欣赏;感谢;领会,理解;价格上涨
参考例句:
  • I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
  • I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。
30 emanate DPXz3     
v.发自,来自,出自
参考例句:
  • Waves emanate from the same atom source.波是由同一原子辐射的。
  • These chemicals can emanate certain poisonous gases.这些化学药品会散发出某些有毒的气味。
31 emanates 724a6b247638d0a6927d9c426409bbb8     
v.从…处传出,传出( emanate的第三人称单数 );产生,表现,显示
参考例句:
  • He emanates power and confidence. 他表现出力量和信心。
  • He emanates sympathy. 他流露出同情。 来自辞典例句
32 saliva 6Cdz0     
n.唾液,口水
参考例句:
  • He wiped a dribble of saliva from his chin.他擦掉了下巴上的几滴口水。
  • Saliva dribbled from the baby's mouth.唾液从婴儿的嘴里流了出来。
33 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
34 chronic BO9zl     
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
参考例句:
  • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
  • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。
35 intensify S5Pxe     
vt.加强;变强;加剧
参考例句:
  • We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
  • They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻,保卫我国的领空。
36 descend descend     
vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降
参考例句:
  • I hope the grace of God would descend on me.我期望上帝的恩惠。
  • We're not going to descend to such methods.我们不会沦落到使用这种手段。
37 sulfur ps4wC     
n.硫,硫磺(=sulphur)
参考例句:
  • Sulfur emissions from steel mills become acid rain.炼钢厂排放出的硫形成了酸雨。
  • Burning may produce sulfur oxides.燃烧可能会产生硫氧化物。
38 retail VWoxC     
v./n.零售;adv.以零售价格
参考例句:
  • In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
  • These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。
39 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
40 fascination FlHxO     
n.令人着迷的事物,魅力,迷恋
参考例句:
  • He had a deep fascination with all forms of transport.他对所有的运输工具都很着迷。
  • His letters have been a source of fascination to a wide audience.广大观众一直迷恋于他的来信。
41 irresistible n4CxX     
adj.非常诱人的,无法拒绝的,无法抗拒的
参考例句:
  • The wheel of history rolls forward with an irresistible force.历史车轮滚滚向前,势不可挡。
  • She saw an irresistible skirt in the store window.她看见商店的橱窗里有一条叫人着迷的裙子。
42 sunbathing bb1a8564f9c25f1e1db56b2b14f574cb     
n.日光浴
参考例句:
  • tourists sunbathing on the beach 在海滩上沐浴着阳光的游客
  • We've been sunbathing on the beach. 我们一直在海滩上晒日光浴。
43 deficit tmAzu     
n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差
参考例句:
  • The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
  • We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。
44 versus wi7wU     
prep.以…为对手,对;与…相比之下
参考例句:
  • The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
  • The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。
45 expenditure XPbzM     
n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出;使用,消耗
参考例句:
  • The entry of all expenditure is necessary.有必要把一切开支入账。
  • The monthly expenditure of our family is four hundred dollars altogether.我们一家的开销每月共计四百元。
46 publicity ASmxx     
n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告
参考例句:
  • The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
  • He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事,只当它是一种宣传手法。
47 embody 4pUxx     
vt.具体表达,使具体化;包含,收录
参考例句:
  • The latest locomotives embody many new features. 这些最新的机车具有许多新的特色。
  • Hemingway's characters plainly embody his own values and view of life.海明威笔下的角色明确反映出他自己的价值观与人生观。
48 deficits 08e04c986818dbc337627eabec5b794e     
n.不足额( deficit的名词复数 );赤字;亏空;亏损
参考例句:
  • The Ministry of Finance consistently overestimated its budget deficits. 财政部一贯高估预算赤字。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Many of the world's farmers are also incurring economic deficits. 世界上许多农民还在遭受经济上的亏损。 来自辞典例句
49 vent yiPwE     
n.通风口,排放口;开衩;vt.表达,发泄
参考例句:
  • He gave vent to his anger by swearing loudly.他高声咒骂以发泄他的愤怒。
  • When the vent became plugged,the engine would stop.当通风口被堵塞时,发动机就会停转。
50 compensate AXky7     
vt.补偿,赔偿;酬报 vi.弥补;补偿;抵消
参考例句:
  • She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
  • Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。
51 scrutinized e48e75426c20d6f08263b761b7a473a8     
v.仔细检查,详审( scrutinize的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The jeweler scrutinized the diamond for flaws. 宝石商人仔细察看钻石有无瑕庇 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • Together we scrutinized the twelve lemon cakes from the delicatessen shop. 我们一起把甜食店里买来的十二块柠檬蛋糕细细打量了一番。 来自英汉文学 - 盖茨比
52 tempted b0182e969d369add1b9ce2353d3c6ad6     
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词)
参考例句:
  • I was sorely tempted to complain, but I didn't. 我极想发牢骚,但还是没开口。
  • I was tempted by the dessert menu. 甜食菜单馋得我垂涎欲滴。
53 wasteful ogdwu     
adj.(造成)浪费的,挥霍的
参考例句:
  • It is a shame to be so wasteful.这样浪费太可惜了。
  • Duties have been reassigned to avoid wasteful duplication of work.为避免重复劳动浪费资源,任务已经重新分派。
54 utilization Of0zMC     
n.利用,效用
参考例句:
  • Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。
  • Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式,完全驳倒了这种想象。
55 killer rpLziK     
n.杀人者,杀人犯,杀手,屠杀者
参考例句:
  • Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
  • The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。
56 subscription qH8zt     
n.预订,预订费,亲笔签名,调配法,下标(处方)
参考例句:
  • We paid a subscription of 5 pounds yearly.我们按年度缴纳5英镑的订阅费。
  • Subscription selling bloomed splendidly.订阅销售量激增。
57 prescription u1vzA     
n.处方,开药;指示,规定
参考例句:
  • The physician made a prescription against sea- sickness for him.医生给他开了个治晕船的药方。
  • The drug is available on prescription only.这种药只能凭处方购买。
58 tolerance Lnswz     
n.宽容;容忍,忍受;耐药力;公差
参考例句:
  • Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
  • Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。
59 dependence 3wsx9     
n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属
参考例句:
  • Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
  • He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
60 devoted xu9zka     
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的
参考例句:
  • He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
  • We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
61 refreshment RUIxP     
n.恢复,精神爽快,提神之事物;(复数)refreshments:点心,茶点
参考例句:
  • He needs to stop fairly often for refreshment.他须时不时地停下来喘口气。
  • A hot bath is a great refreshment after a day's work.在一天工作之后洗个热水澡真是舒畅。
62 dominant usAxG     
adj.支配的,统治的;占优势的;显性的;n.主因,要素,主要的人(或物);显性基因
参考例句:
  • The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
  • She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。
63 uncommon AlPwO     
adj.罕见的,非凡的,不平常的
参考例句:
  • Such attitudes were not at all uncommon thirty years ago.这些看法在30年前很常见。
  • Phil has uncommon intelligence.菲尔智力超群。
64 conscientious mYmzr     
adj.审慎正直的,认真的,本着良心的
参考例句:
  • He is a conscientious man and knows his job.他很认真负责,也很懂行。
  • He is very conscientious in the performance of his duties.他非常认真地履行职责。
65 conspicuous spszE     
adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的
参考例句:
  • It is conspicuous that smoking is harmful to health.很明显,抽烟对健康有害。
  • Its colouring makes it highly conspicuous.它的色彩使它非常惹人注目。
66 inevitable 5xcyq     
adj.不可避免的,必然发生的
参考例句:
  • Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
  • The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。
67 intentionally 7qOzFn     
ad.故意地,有意地
参考例句:
  • I didn't say it intentionally. 我是无心说的。
  • The local authority ruled that he had made himself intentionally homeless and was therefore not entitled to be rehoused. 当地政府裁定他是有意居无定所,因此没有资格再获得提供住房。
68 pertinently 7029b76227afea199bdb41f4572844e1     
适切地
参考例句:
  • It is one thing to speak much and another to speak pertinently. 说得多是一回事,讲得中肯又是一回事。
  • Pertinently pointed out the government, enterprises and industry association shall adopt measures. 有针对性地指出政府、企业和行业协会应采取的措施。
69 tiresomely 6785d163bb419941412ec29371317af9     
adj. 令人厌倦的,讨厌的
参考例句:
  • The excitement over her arrival was tiresomely predictable –like flashing a shiny object at a child. 她的到来会使人们兴奋,这是稍微可以预见的——就像在一个孩子面前放一个闪闪发光的东西。
  • British chancellors tiresomely wont to lecture finance ministers in mainland Europe about their superior policies. 英国的财政大臣也常常向欧洲大陆的财政部长们演讲他们的优越政策。
70 investigation MRKzq     
n.调查,调查研究
参考例句:
  • In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
  • He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。
71 simplicity Vryyv     
n.简单,简易;朴素;直率,单纯
参考例句:
  • She dressed with elegant simplicity.她穿着朴素高雅。
  • The beauty of this plan is its simplicity.简明扼要是这个计划的一大特点。
72 incompatible y8oxu     
adj.不相容的,不协调的,不相配的
参考例句:
  • His plan is incompatible with my intent.他的计划与我的意图不相符。
  • Speed and safety are not necessarily incompatible.速度和安全未必不相容。
73 inaccessible 49Nx8     
adj.达不到的,难接近的
参考例句:
  • This novel seems to me among the most inaccessible.这本书对我来说是最难懂的小说之一。
  • The top of Mount Everest is the most inaccessible place in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最难到达的地方。
74 steering 3hRzbi     
n.操舵装置
参考例句:
  • He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration. 他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。
  • Steering according to the wind, he also framed his words more amicably. 他真会看风使舵,口吻也马上变得温和了。
75 revolving 3jbzvd     
adj.旋转的,轮转式的;循环的v.(使)旋转( revolve的现在分词 );细想
参考例句:
  • The theatre has a revolving stage. 剧院有一个旋转舞台。
  • The company became a revolving-door workplace. 这家公司成了工作的中转站。
76 warfare XhVwZ     
n.战争(状态);斗争;冲突
参考例句:
  • He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
  • Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。
77 labor P9Tzs     
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦
参考例句:
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
78 tricky 9fCzyd     
adj.狡猾的,奸诈的;(工作等)棘手的,微妙的
参考例句:
  • I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手,你能帮我吗?
  • He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题,只做了个笼统的表述。
79 mid doTzSB     
adj.中央的,中间的
参考例句:
  • Our mid-term exam is pending.我们就要期中考试了。
  • He switched over to teaching in mid-career.他在而立之年转入教学工作。
80 layoffs ce61a640e39c61e757a47e52d4154974     
临时解雇( layoff的名词复数 ); 停工,停止活动
参考例句:
  • Textile companies announced 2000 fresh layoffs last week. 各纺织公司上周宣布再次裁员两千人。
  • Stock prices broke when the firm suddenly announced layoffs. 当公司突然宣布裁员时,股票价格便大跌
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