英语听力文摘 English Digest 347、做个乐观主义者

It Pays to Be an Optimist
做个乐观主义者

Research shows that whether a person is an optimist or a pessimist is related to their quality of life, including their physical health. The subjects involved first took personality tests in the 1960′s and then thirty years later they completed a follow-up self-assessment of their health status. Researchers found that not only did the optimists from the 1960′s report better physical and mental functioning thirty years later, but that optimists also lived longer on average than pessimists.

It’s hardly clear that there is a causal relationship between optimism and health; it could be that they are related to the same underlying¹ gene² complex or set of mechanisms. Still, it sure is tempting to surmise³ that it’s partly a positive attitude that keeps people alive for so long. It may actually be possible that a lot of what my parents have been telling me for years is true. If you think positively⁴, good things may happen to you. If you think negatively, then you may doom⁵ yourself.

研究表明，不管一个人是乐观还是悲观，都他的生活质量息息相关，包括身体健康。这个主题首次在二十世纪六十年代提出并做了人格测试，三十年后他们后续完成了健康状况的自我评价。研究人员发现60年代的乐观主义者不仅身心比30年后的人更健康，而且乐观主义者比悲观主义者更长寿。

很难理清乐观与健康之间的因果关系，也许是因为它们与相同的潜在基因或是一套机制有关。不过，可以肯定的是，一定程度上的积极心态能让人长寿。实际上可能多年来我父母告诉我的许多事情都是真的。如果你积极地看待这个世界，好的事情就可能发生在你身上。如果你总是消极地看待一切，那样只会让你自己更郁闷。

 

 

1 underlying   

adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的

参考例句：

• The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
• This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。

2 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

3 surmise   

v./n.猜想，推测

参考例句：

• It turned out that my surmise was correct.结果表明我的推测没有错。
• I surmise that he will take the job.我推测他会接受这份工作。

4 positively   

adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实

参考例句：

• She was positively glowing with happiness.她满脸幸福。
• The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。

5 doom   

n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定

参考例句：

• The report on our economic situation is full of doom and gloom.这份关于我们经济状况的报告充满了令人绝望和沮丧的调子。
• The dictator met his doom after ten years of rule.独裁者统治了十年终于完蛋了。