6-7 金字塔

The Pyramids

 

Built 4,000 years ago, the three great pyramids at Giza, in the Egyptian desert remain the most colossal¹¹ buildings ever constructed.

　　

The pyramids were built by Egyptians under the orders of the Egyptian leader, whose title was Pharaoh². There was a sequence of Pharaohs culminating³ around 2615 B.C., with the Pharaoh Cheops who built the biggest thing ever built, the Great Pyramid, also known as Khu-fu. Cheops built a pyramid 770 feet on one side and 481 feet tall. How ancient builders managed to build these massive² structures has never been fully³ answered but the effort clearly required brains and brawn⁴⁴.

　　

Was there engineering genius involved? Yes, there was. For example, when you're putting the block right at the top, how are you going to lug⁵⁵ a block of stone that weighs several tons 480 feet up a structure? How are you going to do it, and how are you going to do it without leaving scratches⁶ on all the rest of the structure? And how many people does it take to drag a block weighing several tons 480 feet up into the sky? Approximately, 2.3 million blocks of stone were cut, transported and assembled to create the Great Pyramid.

　　

The Pharaohs may have set out to build magnifi cent tombs for themselves, but in the end they created monuments to human potential. There's a universal message in the pyramids. The pyramids belong to Egypt, but the pyramids also belong to the world. That's why we can all identify the pyramids as an early monument of human greatness.

 

For being a man-made wonder that has survived the sands of time⁷, the pyramids rise to the number two spot.

 

注释：

1.colossal [kE5lCsl] a. 巨大的，其大无比的；罕见的

2.Pharaoh [5fZErEu] n. 法老（古埃及君王的称号）

3.culminate⁶ [5kQlmineit] vi. 达到顶点；到达高潮

4.brawn [brC:n] n. 体力，膂力

5.lug [lQ^] vt. 用力拖，使劲拉；吃力地携带

6.scratch [skrAtF] n. 划痕，刮痕

7.the sands of time〈书面语〉时间，时光

金字塔

 

矗立在埃及沙漠中吉萨的三座大金字塔建于4000年前，它们一直都是有史以来最宏大的建筑。

 

金字塔是埃及人在他们的领袖——名为法老——的命令下建造的。在公元前2615年左右，几任法老相继统治埃及，基奥普斯法老建造了有史以来最大的金字塔——大金字塔，也被称为胡夫金字塔。胡夫金字塔每边长770英尺，高481英尺。古代的建筑者是如何建造这些庞然大物的，这一直是个未解之谜，但很明显它需要付出大量的脑力和体力。

 

有工程天才的参与吗？是的，有。比如，当你要把一个石块放在顶端时，你该如何把一个几吨重的石块提升到480英尺的高度呢？应该怎样做？怎么做才不至于在塔身留下刮痕？把几吨重的石块提举到480英尺的高处又需要多少人力呢？为了建造大金字塔，人们切割、运输、垒砌了大约230万块石头。

 

法老们的初衷是为自己建造豪华的陵墓，而最终他们创建的却是昭?人类潜能的纪念碑。金字塔蕴含着一种共同的信息，金字塔属于埃及，但它也属于世界。因此我们完全可以把金字塔作为展示人类伟大文明的早期纪念物。

 

由于历经岁月的沧桑，金字塔位列十大人工奇观排行榜第2名。

 

 

1 colossal   

adj.异常的，庞大的

参考例句：

• There has been a colossal waste of public money.一直存在巨大的公款浪费。
• Some of the tall buildings in that city are colossal.那座城市里的一些高层建筑很庞大。

2 massive   

adj.巨大的，大规模的，大量的，大范围的

参考例句：

• A massive sea search has failed to find any survivors.经过大规模的海上搜救仍未找到幸存者。
• He drank a massive amount of alcohol.他喝了大量的烈酒。

3 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

4 brawn   

n.体力

参考例句：

• In this job you need both brains and brawn.做这份工作既劳神又费力。
• They relied on brains rather than brawn.他们靠的是脑力，而不是体力。

5 lug   

n.柄，突出部，螺帽；(英）耳朵；（俚）笨蛋；vt.拖，拉，用力拖动

参考例句：

• Nobody wants to lug around huge suitcases full of clothes.谁都不想拖着个装满衣服的大箱子到处走。
• Do I have to lug those suitcases all the way to the station?难道非要我把那些手提箱一直拉到车站去吗？

6 culminate   

v.到绝顶，达于极点，达到高潮

参考例句：

• The celebration of the centenary will culminate with a dinner.百年庆典活动将以宴会作为高潮。
• Everyone feared that the boundary dispute between these two countries would culminate in a war.人人都担心,这两国间的边境争端将以一场战争到达顶点。