12-8 体育与技术

Sports and Technology

 

The Athens Olympic Games have showcased technology that makes athletes go faster. Olympic contenders¹ have been testing experimental versions of high-tech¹ suits and shoes, especially in high speed events like sprinting³² and freestyle swimming.

 

The “long-john” swimsuits have become popular since Australian medalist Ian Thorpe made a big splash with his full-body Adidas JetConcept suit during the Sydney Olympics in 2000. These suits aren't magic bullets, but they can increase performance through lower drag coefficients³.”

 

Speedo's suit was designed by aerospace⁴ engineer Barry Bixler using computational⁴  fluid dynamics⁵ (CFD) software to simulate⁵ and test the suit's reduction of drag. CFD also has been used in other sports like the javelin⁶⁶.

 

In devising the new suits, companies must be careful to adhere to the rules of the Fédération⁷ Internationale de Natation, the world governing body for water sports, which state that no swimmer shall be permitted to use or wear any device -- such as webbed gloves or flippers -- that may aid in speed, buoyancy⁷, or endurance during a competition.

 

Another innovation for this Olympics: sprint² suits for runners. In July, Adidas introduced its “Formotion.” The company had studied top sprinters to see how they move, and then it designed the suit to complement⁸ those movements.

 

Adidas's designers mapped the human body by computer to pinpoint⁹ where specific technologies were needed for support, ventilation⁸, freedom of movement, and muscle control. They placed large Lycra bands across the lower back to stabilize¹⁰ the orientation¹¹ of the hips¹² to keep them square to the sprinting lane. They added power bands along the arms and shoulders to enhance forward arm swing and minimize nonlinear⁹ motion. And they put them across the back end of the athlete down to the hamstrings¹⁰ to help store and release energy. The Formotion also includes mesh¹³¹¹ inserts in the underarm to reduce the weight of the suit and ventilate that critical heat zone.

 

Before long, consumers will see derivatives¹⁴ of high? tech athletic¹⁵ wear in sporting goods stores. Most items produced for the Olympics basically are a giveaway¹². The recognition of the item helps in sales of consumer versions later.

 

注释：

1. contender [kEn5tendE(r)] n.（尤指冠军等的）争夺者，竞争

2. sprint [sprint] vi.（尤指短距离）冲刺，用全速奔跑

3. drag coefficient [空] 阻力系数

4. computational [7kCmpju:5teiFEnEl] a. 计算的，计算机的

5. simulate [5simjuleit] vt. 模拟

6. javelin [5dVAvlin] n. （田径运动中用的）标枪，掷标枪项目

7. buoyancy [5bRiEnsi] n. 浮力

8. ventilation [7venti5leiFEn] n. 通风，空气流通

9. nonlinear [5nCn5liniE(r)] a. 非线性的

10. hamstring [5hAmstriN] n. [解] 绳肌

11. mesh [meF] n. 网孔，网眼织物

12. giveaway [5^ivE7wei] n. （用以招揽顾客的）赠品（或廉价品）

 

体育与技术

 

雅典奥运会成为了技术产品的展示台。这些技术使运动员的速度更快。奥林匹克运动员一直在试验高技术的运动服和运动鞋，尤其是在诸如短跑和自由泳等要求高速度的比赛中。

　　自从澳大利亚奖牌得主伊恩•索普在2000年悉尼奥运会上穿着一身从颈到踝的阿迪达斯“喷气概念” 泳装引起轰动以后，“长约翰”泳装便开始风靡起来。这些泳装并不是什么万应灵药，但是它们却可以通过降低阻力提高成绩。

　　“斯比度”泳装是由航空与航天工程师巴里•比克斯勒设计的。他采用计算机流体动力学软件模拟并测试泳装减少阻力的功能。计算机流体动力学同时也应用于其他体育项目，如标枪。

　　在设计新泳装时，研发公司必须避免违背水上运动的管理机构国际泳联的规则。根据国际泳联的规定，任何游泳选手不得在比赛中使用或穿着任何有助于提高速度、浮力或者耐力的装置，如带蹼的手套或者脚蹼。

　　本届奥运会上的另一项革新是为短跑运动员设计的运动服。7月，阿迪达斯推出了一款叫做“福摩星”的短跑服。公司对世界顶尖短跑运动员进行了研究，观察他们身体各部分肌肉在跑步中是如何动作的，然后设计出短跑服以辅助这些动作。

　　阿迪达斯的设计人员利用计算机绘制人体的每一部分，确定哪里需要采取特别技术用于增强支撑、透气、运动自如性以及肌肉控制。他们在运动服的下背部加上宽大的莱卡衬垫，以固定臀部的方向，并使其垂直于起跑线。他们在运动员胳膊和肩膀处增加强力带，加强了前臂的摆动，最大限度地减少胳膊的非线性运动。他们还在运动员腰部直到腿窝处加上强力带，以帮助运动员存储和释放能量。“福摩星”短跑服还在运动员腋下设计了网孔衬垫，以减轻运动服的重量，并有利于身体这一高温区的散热。

在不久的将来，消费者将在体育用品商店见到这些高技术体育服装的商业化版本。为奥运会生产的大多数产品都是免费赠品。对这些产品的认可有助于今后商业产品的销售。

 

 

1 high-tech   

adj.高科技的

参考例句：

• The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展，这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
• The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。

2 sprint   

n.短距离赛跑；vi. 奋力而跑，冲刺；vt.全速跑过

参考例句：

• He put on a sprint to catch the bus.他全速奔跑以赶上公共汽车。
• The runner seemed to be rallied for a final sprint.这名赛跑者似乎在振作精神作最后的冲刺。

3 sprinting   

v.短距离疾跑( sprint的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Stride length and frequency are the most important elements of sprinting. 步长和步频是短跑最重要的因素。 来自互联网
• Xiaoming won the gold medal for sprinting in the school sports meeting. 小明在学校运动会上夺得了短跑金牌。 来自互联网

4 aerospace   

adj.航空的，宇宙航行的

参考例句：

• The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
• Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。

5 dynamics   

n.力学，动力学，动力，原动力；动态

参考例句：

• In order to succeed,you must master complicated knowledge of dynamics.要取得胜利，你必须掌握很复杂的动力学知识。
• Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.动力学是一门不做大量习题就不能掌握的学科。

6 javelin   

n.标枪，投枪

参考例句：

• She achieved a throw of sixty metres in the javelin event.在掷标枪项目中，她掷了60米远。
• The coach taught us how to launch a javelin.教练教我们投标枪。

7 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

8 complement   

n.补足物，船上的定员；补语；vt.补充，补足

参考例句：

• The two suggestions complement each other.这两条建议相互补充。
• They oppose each other also complement each other.它们相辅相成。

9 pinpoint   

vt.准确地确定；用针标出…的精确位置

参考例句：

• It is difficult to pinpoint when water problems of the modern age began.很难准确地指出，现代用水的问题是什么时候出现的。
• I could pinpoint his precise location on a map.我能在地图上指明他的准确位置。

10 stabilize   

vt.（使）稳定，使稳固，使稳定平衡；vi.稳定

参考例句：

• They are eager to stabilize currencies.他们急于稳定货币。
• His blood pressure tended to stabilize.他的血压趋向稳定。

11 orientation   

n.方向，目标；熟悉，适应，情况介绍

参考例句：

• Children need some orientation when they go to school.小孩子上学时需要适应。
• The traveller found his orientation with the aid of a good map.旅行者借助一幅好地图得知自己的方向。

12 hips   

abbr.high impact polystyrene 高冲击强度聚苯乙烯，耐冲性聚苯乙烯n.臀部( hip的名词复数 )；[建筑学]屋脊；臀围（尺寸）；臀部…的

参考例句：

• She stood with her hands on her hips. 她双手叉腰站着。
• They wiggled their hips to the sound of pop music. 他们随着流行音乐的声音摇晃着臀部。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 mesh   

n.网孔，网丝，陷阱；vt.以网捕捉，啮合，匹配；vi.适合； [计算机]网络

参考例句：

• Their characters just don't mesh.他们的性格就是合不来。
• This is the net having half inch mesh.这是有半英寸网眼的网。

14 derivatives   

n.衍生性金融商品；派生物，引出物( derivative的名词复数 )；导数

参考例句：

• Many English words are derivatives of Latin words. 许多英语词来自拉丁语。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These compounds are nitrosohydroxylamine derivatives. 这类合成物是亚硝基羟胺衍生物。 来自辞典例句

15 athletic   

adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的

参考例句：

• This area has been marked off for athletic practice.这块地方被划出来供体育训练之用。
• He is an athletic star.他是一个运动明星。