环球慢速英语 相信你的记忆(3)

Voice 1: But researchers say this is not how it works¹. Instead, our memories are much more complex! Experts say that our brains divide our memories into many parts. The brain stores the sounds, sights, smells and tastes that you remember in different areas. Let's look a little closer at how the brain recreates memories.

声音1：但是研究人员表示，大脑并不是这么运作的。实际上，我们的记忆要比这复杂得多！专家表示，我们的大脑将记忆分为很多不同的部分。大脑储存你在不同地方记住的声音、景象、气味和味道。我们来仔细看一下大脑是如何重塑记忆的。

Voice 2: The brain has an outer layer around an inner² mass. The outer layer is called the "cortex". The cortex is only a few millimetres thick. But it holds about seventy thousand million brain cells! These cells in our cortex are a grey colour, so together they form our 'grey matter.' This part of the brain stores pieces of information. But the cells in the grey matter need to communicate with each other. This is where 'white matter' comes in. The white matter is the inner part of the brain.

声音2：大脑内细胞团周围有个外层组织。这个外层组织称为“皮层”。皮层的厚度只有几毫米。但是大脑皮层有约700亿个脑细胞！皮层的脑细胞是灰色的，这些脑细胞组成了灰质区。这个区域是大脑储存信息的地方。但是灰质区的脑细胞需要互相交流。这时白质区就要发挥作用了。白质区位于大脑内部。

Voice 1: Each brain cell has long extended⁴ arms. The cell sends information down one arm called an axon. Think of it like a telephone sending information down a wire. Every cell has one of these axons. The cell also has other arms — called dendrites. These are lines for receiving information. The axons and dendrites extend³ away from the grey matter on the outside of the brain to the white matter inside. In fact they are the white matter — because axons and dendrites are white in colour. The axons and dendrites permit brain cells to communicate with each other. They can connect, disconnect, and reconnect. Where they meet, an axon and a dendrite form a synapse⁵. A synapse is a kind of meeting point. The axon of one cell passes information to a dendrite of another cell through a synapse.

声音1：每个脑细胞都有长长的胳膊。脑细胞通过其中一条像胳膊一样的轴突传递信息。就像电话通过电话线传递信息一样。每个脑细胞都有轴突。脑细胞还有另一条胳膊——树突。树突负责接收信息。轴突和树突从大脑外层的灰质区向内部的白质区延伸。实际上，轴突和树突也属于白质区，因为它们是白色的。轴突和树突使脑细胞可以互相交流。它们之间可以连接、断开连接、重新连接。轴突和树突相连形成突触。突触是一种交汇点。一个细胞的轴突通过突触将信息传递给另一个细胞的树突。

1 works   

n.作品，著作；工厂，活动部件，机件

参考例句：

• We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
• The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。

2 inner   

adj.内部的，里面的；内在的，内心的；精神的

参考例句：

• The label is on the inner side of the box.标签贴在盒子内侧。
• Other people seek the mountains for renewal of their inner lives.另一些人到深山中去，寻求新的精神生活。

3 extend   

v.伸开；展开，伸展；扩大；加大

参考例句：

• Can you extend your visit for a few days more?你能把你的访问再延长几天吗？
• The examinations extend over two weeks.考试持续两个星期。

4 extended   

adj.延伸的；伸展的；延长的；扩大的v.延伸(extend的过去式和过去分词)；伸展；延长

参考例句：

• an extended lunch hour 延长了的午餐时间
• France has greatly extended its influence in world affairs. 在世界事务中，法国的影响已大大地扩大了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 synapse   

n.突触

参考例句：

• The chemical floods the synapse, overwhelming the serotonin receptors.这种化学物质湮没了突触，覆盖了5--羟色胺的受体。
• Ecstasy also keeps serotonin from being reabsorbed,further increasing the concentration in the synapse.毒品引起的狂迷还能阻止5--羟色胺的再吸收，进一步增加了突触内5--羟色胺的浓度。