华盛顿邮报 育儿博主背后隐藏的剥削问题(3)

 

    So this was a big problem in the prank¹ era of YouTube in 2017 and 2018 when parents were pranking their own children and filming their reactions, and you saw children crying and getting really upset.

    在2017年和2018年的油管恶搞时代，这是一个大问题，当时，父母们在恶搞自己的孩子，并拍摄他们的反应，你看到孩子们哭了，真的很不是滋味。

    You know, one vlogger family famously lost custody² of their kids for the really cruel pranks³ that they were playing on their children for views.

    一个视频博主家庭因为对孩子进行无情残酷的恶作剧而失去了孩子的监护权，这是出了名的。

    So, you know, this is a whole really wide network. There's literally⁴ hundreds of thousands of family accounts on social media, from Instagram to YouTube to blogs.

    因此，网络非常广泛。从Instagram到油管再到博客，社交媒体上有着成千上万的家庭账户。

    Some of these channels are making millions of dollars a year, and the kids are, right now, legally entitled to none of that, despite the fact that they star on these channels as child entertainers.

    其中一些频道每年赚数百万美元，而如今，孩子们在法律上无权享有任何权利，尽管事实是他们是这些频道的儿童演员。

    So what is being done to protect these kids?

    我们采取了哪些措施来保护这些孩子呢?

    There is not much legislation -- basically none.

    基本上没有太多的立法。

    I mean, it's really just these two state bills, one of which failed so far. It will be reintroduced next session in Washington state.

    实际上只有两个州立过法，其中一个州目前还没有通过。将在华盛顿州的下一次会议上重提。

    And then I mentioned the Illinois bill, which is very similar to the Washington bill, which did pass the state Senate.

    我提到了伊利诺伊州的法案，它与华盛顿州的法案非常相似，伊利诺伊州确实获得了参议院的通过。

    However, it removed all of the privacy protections, which I would argue are just as essential as the monetary⁵ protections.

    然而，该州却取消了所有的隐私保护，我认为这与金钱保护一样重要。

    So both of these bills do essential things, which is basically try and protect kids privacy, give them the right when they turn 18 to make that choice,这两项法案都做了一些重要的事情，基本上试着保护孩子的隐私，赋予他们在年满18岁时做出选择的权利，like, "Hey, look, I want to be able to petition Facebook or YouTube or whatever to have all this content with me and it removed," give them a sense of agency over the content that features them.

    比如，“嘿，瞧，我想向脸书、油管或其他任何平台申请，让我拥有这些内容的所有权和删除权，” 给他们对自己主演的视频内容一种主理感。

    And then the other part of the bill is focused on monetary compensation.

    法案的另一部分关注的是金钱补偿。

    So, you know, if these kids have grown up having their likeness⁶ monetized, they deserve a portion of that revenue, legally codifying⁷ their entitlement to that.

    如果这些孩子在自己形象被变现的环境中长大，那么，他们应该得到一部分收入，应该合法地将他们的权利编入法典。

    It's unclear whether these state legislations can even be enforced.

    目前还不清楚这些州的立法是否能得到执行。

    I mean, what we really need is something on a national level.

    我是说，我们真正需要的是国家层面的支持。

    I mean, we know that these tech companies would fight this tooth and nail.

    我是说，我们知道这些科技公司会全力与之对抗。

    Senator Richard Blumenthal from Connecticut, he's really the only one that has spoken on this issue.

    参议员理查德·布卢门撒尔来自康涅狄格州，他是唯一一个在这个问题上发言的人。

    He told me for my story, child labor⁹ in the online influencer industry seems fraught¹⁰ with problems.

    他在报道中告诉我，网红行业的童工问题似乎很多。

    At least he's talking about the issue. I still, you know, would love to see any kind of national legislation introduced, because I think until national lawmakers take this up and there's real advocacy here, nothing's going to happen.

    最起码他在谈论这个问题。我希望看到任何形式的国家立法能重提，因为我认为，直到国家立法者考虑此事，才会有真正的倡导，否则什么都不会发生。

    Did you speak to any advocates who are pushing for legislation?

    你采访过那些推动立法的倡导者吗?

    Yeah, I spoke⁸ to Chris McCarty, who is an 18-year-old student in Washington who's been a fierce advocate.

    是的，我和克里斯·麦卡蒂谈过，他是华盛顿的一名18岁的学生，他一直是一名激进的倡导者。

    I think, as a member of gen Z, they feel like this is a really important issue, that it has far-reaching consequences.

    作为Z世代的一员，他们觉得这是一个非常重要的问题，而且将会产生深远的影响。

1 prank   

n.开玩笑，恶作剧；v.装饰；打扮；炫耀自己

参考例句：

• It was thought that the fire alarm had been set off as a prank.人们认为火警报警器响是个恶作剧。
• The dean was ranking the boys for pulling the prank.系主任正在惩罚那些恶作剧的男学生。

2 custody   

n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留

参考例句：

• He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
• He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。

3 pranks   

n.玩笑，恶作剧( prank的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Frank's errancy consisted mostly of pranks. 法兰克错在老喜欢恶作剧。 来自辞典例句
• He always leads in pranks and capers. 他老是带头胡闹和开玩笑。 来自辞典例句

4 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

5 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

6 likeness   

n.相像，相似（之处）

参考例句：

• I think the painter has produced a very true likeness.我认为这位画家画得非常逼真。
• She treasured the painted likeness of her son.她珍藏她儿子的画像。

7 codifying   

v.把（法律）编成法典( codify的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• For this reason, the disputations of codifying administrative procedures in domain are becoming more and more. 因此，有关行政程序法典化的各种争论在理论界也愈来愈多。 来自互联网

8 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

9 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

10 fraught   

adj.充满…的，伴有(危险等)的；忧虑的

参考例句：

• The coming months will be fraught with fateful decisions.未来数月将充满重大的决定。
• There's no need to look so fraught!用不着那么愁眉苦脸的！