经济学人442:法国政治 罗卡尔强势回归

 　　French politics

　　法国政治

　　Rocard's return

　　罗卡尔强势回归

　　The former prime minister's ideas are making a comeback

　　前首相的理念卷土重来

　　THE left wing of the French Socialist¹ Party was still reeling this week after the shock eviction² of Arnaud Montebourg, a populist industry minister, and his replacement³ by Emmanuel Macron, a former investment banker. Fran?ois Hollande, after all, was elected Socialist president in 2012 declaring that his main “adversary” was “the world of finance”. Yet on August 31st, in a defiant⁴ speech to party members in the port of La Rochelle, Manuel Valls, his prime minister, made no apology, reasserting the government's more pro-business line.

　　继本周主张民粹主义的经济部长阿尔诺·蒙特布尔下台之后，法国社会党左翼依旧处于深深的震惊之中无法自拔----前投资银行家马克龙接了蒙特布尔的班。毕竟2012年弗朗索瓦·奥朗德在竞选社会党领袖的时候曾声称他的主要“敌手”是“金融支配的世界”。然而在8月11日，在拉罗谢尔，奥朗德的总理曼努埃尔·瓦尔斯发表了一篇极具挑衅性的讲话，并且毫不脸红地重复着政府要求企业履行责任契约的想法。

　　罗卡尔.jpg

　　The most important shift taking place within the government, however, may not be the appointment of a single new young minister. It is rather the closet takeover by social democrats⁵ linked to Michel Rocard, France's prime minister from 1988 to 1991.

　　然而这个被认为是法国政府最重要的转折并不单指对这名年轻部长的任命。这项举措意味着这位新部长继承承了米歇尔罗卡尔这位于1988年至1991年驰骋在法国政坛的社会民主党总理的衣钵

　　Mr Valls himself is the spiritual son of Mr Rocard, and got his first government job serving as the former prime minister's parliamentary attaché. In his book “Pouvoir” (Power) Mr Valls writes admiringly of Mr Rocard, citing “the force of his intelligence and the frankness of his words”. These fired Mr Valls's political imagination as a teenager and secured his loyalty⁶ for the next 15 years, as Mr Rocard, then a rising star of the left, tried but failed to impose his centre-left thinking on the Socialist Party as an alternative to the socialism of Fran?ois Mitterrand.

　　瓦尔斯视罗卡尔为精神偶像，并且瓦尔斯在政府中的第一份工作是作为前总理的议会专员。瓦尔斯在其著作“Pouvoir”一书中提到罗卡尔先生“智慧的力量与言语的坦率”令其满心钦佩。对罗卡尔先生钦佩激起了少年瓦尔斯的政治幻想，并在之后的十五年时间里巩固了瓦尔斯先生的忠诚。像罗卡尔先生一样，瓦尔斯成为了左翼阵营中冉冉升起的新星。他曾试图在社会党内部推行其中左思想以替代佛朗索瓦·密朗特的社会主义，不过以失败告终。

　　Rocardiens have been installed in all corners. Mr Valls's current political adviser⁷, Yves Colmou, is one, having also served on Mr Rocard's political staff. So did Sylvie Hubac, who now runs Mr Hollande's staff at the Elysée Palace. Bernard Cazeneuve, Mr Valls's interior minister, got his first job as an adviser of a member of Mr Rocard's government. Mr Macron is a close friend of Mr Rocard and invited him to his wedding.

　　罗卡尔的死忠追随者们已经遍布各个角落。瓦尔斯先生的现任政治顾问Yves Colmou就是其中之一。并且这位顾问还曾为罗卡尔先生效过犬马之劳。现在为奥朗德先生搭理爱丽舍宫的Sylvie Hubac也是一样。瓦尔斯的内政部长 Bernard Cazeneuve，初入政坛时的第一份工作就是罗卡尔先生的政府成员顾问。Marcon先生是罗卡尔先生的密友，并且罗卡尔受邀参加过其的婚礼。

　　At the same time, those on the party's left have been sidelined. Two other left-wing ministers were thrown out along with Mr Montebourg. Their departure was preceded by that of Aquilino Morelle, a confidant of Mr Montebourg and a presidential adviser, after a scandal involving the shining of lots of pairs of Mr Morelle's posh leather shoes at the Elysée palace.

　　与此同时，那些左翼党人已经被边缘化。另外还有两名左翼的部长和蒙特布尔先生一起被踢出了内阁。他们的离职是拜蒙特布尔先生的知己—位居总统顾问的Aquilino Morelle在爱丽舍宫爆出豪华皮鞋的丑闻所赐。

　　“The Rocardiens have clearly won the day,” notes another ex-member of Mr Rocard's prime-ministerial cabinet. Mr Valls, who insists that the left must make peace with business, is now partly unpicking a rent-control law passed by his predecessor⁸. Mr Macron has hinted at loosening rules governing the 35-hour working week; Mr Cazeneuve has urged common-sense immigration control, echoing Mr Rocard in 1989. As if all this were not suggestive enough, there is a further link: one of the former prime minister's sons, Lo?c Rocard, now works in Mr Valls's cabinet.

　　“现在是罗卡尔追随者的天下，”前罗卡尔内阁成员如是说。坚持认为左派必须与商界和平共处的瓦尔斯先生现在正在逐步瓦解其前任通过的房租管制法。MACRON先生曾经暗示会每周工作35小时的监管规则；CAZENEUVE议员为了呼应1989年罗卡尔先生的政策，现极力主张常识性移民的管制。即使这一切都不够说明什么，这里有另一层更为深远的关系：这位前总理的一个儿子鲁瓦克·罗卡尔，现在正在瓦尔斯的内阁任职。

1 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

2 eviction   

n.租地等的收回

参考例句：

• The family have won a temporary reprieve from eviction.这个家庭暂时免于被逐出。
• He claimed damages for unlawful eviction.他要求对非法驱逐作出赔偿。

3 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

4 defiant   

adj.无礼的，挑战的

参考例句：

• With a last defiant gesture,they sang a revolutionary song as they were led away to prison.他们被带走投入监狱时，仍以最后的反抗姿态唱起了一支革命歌曲。
• He assumed a defiant attitude toward his employer.他对雇主采取挑衅的态度。

5 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 loyalty   

n.忠诚，忠心

参考例句：

• She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
• His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。

7 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

8 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。