经济学人:德国仇外 和平的方式也具有威胁性

 　　German xenophobia

　　德国仇外

　　Peaceful, but menacing

　　和平的方式也具有威胁性

　　A new movement with a barely hidden message of hate unsettles Germany

　　一场隐藏着仇恨信息的新运动使德国动荡不安

　　We don't need no Muslims here

　　我们不需要穆斯林

　　CALLING themselves Pegida, or “patriotic Europeans against the Islamisation of the Occident”, since October they have marched through Dresden every Monday. Their numbers are growing: on December 15th 15,000 protested. Their slogans of xenophobic paranoia¹ (“No sharia in Europe!”) seem bizarre in Saxony, where only 2% of the population is foreign and fewer than 1% are Muslim.

　　就叫这群人Pegida吧，或者是“反对西方伊斯兰化的爱国欧洲人”。他们自10月起每周一就游行穿行德累斯顿。他们的人数在壮大：截至12月15日抗议者已达到15000.他们偏执排外的口号（“欧洲拒绝伊斯兰！”）在外来人口仅2%、其中穆斯林所占比例不到1%的萨克森显得匪夷所思。

　　德国仇外.jpg

　　The marchers make no attempt to explain their demands. Convinced of a conspiracy² of political correctness, they do not speak to the press. Few bear any signs of neo-Nazism. They have eschewed³ violence. What they share is broad anxiety about asylum-seekers (200,000 in 2014) and immigrants.

　　游行者们并未试图去解释他们的诉求。由于相信政治正确性的阴谋论，他们拒绝与媒体对话。他们并没有任何新纳粹主义的举动，而是避免暴力。他们共有的只是对难民（2014年达到了20万）和移民的广泛担忧。

　　The instigator⁴ is Lutz Bachmann, owner of an ad agency who once fled to South Africa to avoid being locked up for dealing⁵ drugs. He has imitators in other cities: Bonn has a Bogida march, Würzburg a Wügida. But eastern Germany, especially Dresden, is the movement's base. Counter-demonstrations have sprung up, but their numbers in Dresden (about 5,600 this week) are dwarfed⁶ by Pegida's. Chancellor⁷ Angela Merkel accused Pegida of “agitation and defamation”; Heiko Maas, the justice minister, called it a “disgrace for Germany”.

　　这场运动的煽动者是Lutz Bachmann，他名下有一家广告公司，并曾为了逃避因毒品交易入狱而逃往南非。他在其它城市也有模仿者：波恩有一个名为Würzburg a Wügida的Bogida游行。但是东德，尤其是德累斯顿，是这场运动的大本营。反游行派也如雨后春笋般涌现，但他们在德累斯顿的人数（本周大约5600人）与Pegida相比就相形见绌了。总理安吉拉·默克尔指责Pegida“煽动和诽谤”；司法部长Heiko Maas则称这为“德国的耻辱”。

　　But the CSU, a centre-right party in Bavaria that governs with Mrs Merkel, was more nuanced. Calling Pegida a disgrace amounted to “a massive denigration⁸ of peaceful protesters,” said a spokesman. The CSU had made news by saying that foreigners should be forced to speak German even “in the family”, though it later backtracked. The leader of the new anti-euro party, Alternative for Germany, Bernd Lucke, said he considered Pegida's demands “legitimate”.

　　但是默克尔掌管的巴伐利亚的中右翼党派CSU却态度微妙。他们称Pegida为耻辱等同于是对“和平抗议者的大规模诋毁，”一名发言人如是说。CSU发表新闻称外国人“即便是在家里”也应该被强制说德语，尽管这条新闻后来被撤销。新反欧党派德国新选项党的领导人Bernd Lucke称他认为Pegida的要求是“合理的”。

　　Germany remains⁹ a tolerant place, one reason why some 465,000 migrants arrived last year, making it the world's second most popular destination after America. But Pegida is a reminder¹⁰ that many, especially in eastern Germany, harbour resentments¹¹ that can be exploited. “We are the people,” the marchers in Dresden shouted. It was the phrase East Germans used in 1989 in protest against their communist overlords. To outsiders, the cry now sounds chilling.

　　德国仍旧处于容忍状态，这是去年约465，000名移民来到德国的原因之一，同时这也使德国成为仅次于美国的第二大移民地。但是Pegida正警示了在很多地方，尤其是东德，港口怨恨可以被利用。“我们才是这个国家的主人，”德累斯顿的游行者们高声疾呼。这是东德人民在1989年抗议他们的共产主义霸主所用的口号。在外人看来，这怒吼如今听上去让人不寒而栗。

1 paranoia   

n.妄想狂，偏执狂；多疑症

参考例句：

• Her passion for cleanliness borders on paranoia.她的洁癖近乎偏执。
• The push for reform is also motivated by political paranoia.竞选的改革运动也受到政治偏执狂症的推动。

2 conspiracy   

n.阴谋，密谋，共谋

参考例句：

• The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
• He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。

3 eschewed   

v.（尤指为道德或实际理由而）习惯性避开，回避( eschew的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• I eschewed upbraiding, I curtailed remonstrance. 我避免责备，少作规劝。 来自辞典例句
• Moreover, she has a business plan, an accessory eschewed by cavalier counterparts. 此外，她还有商业计划，这是彬彬有礼的男设计师们回避的一点。 来自互联网

4 instigator   

n.煽动者

参考例句：

• It is not a and differs from instigator in nature. 在刑法理论中，通常将教唆犯作为共犯的一种类型加以探究。 来自互联网
• If we are really the instigator, we are awaiting punishment. 如果我们真的是煽动者，那我们愿意接受惩罚。 来自互联网

5 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

6 dwarfed   

vt.（使）显得矮小（dwarf的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• The old houses were dwarfed by the huge new tower blocks. 这些旧房子在新建的高楼大厦的映衬下显得十分矮小。
• The elephant dwarfed the tortoise. 那只乌龟跟那头象相比就显得很小。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

8 denigration   

n.弄黑；诋毁；贬低；抹黑[医] 涂黑，变黑

参考例句：

• The essence of the denigration of women is our definition as sex object. 诋毁妇女的实质就是视我们为性目标。 来自演讲部分
• None of you a failure as a denigration of your intellect. 不要觉得失败而诋毁了自己的才华。 来自互联网

9 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

10 reminder   

n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示

参考例句：

• I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
• It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。

11 resentments   

（因受虐待而）愤恨，不满，怨恨( resentment的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He could never transcend his resentments and his complexes. 他从来不能把他的怨恨和感情上的症结置之度外。
• These local resentments burst into open revolt. 地方性反感变成公开暴动。