经济学人:Bartleby专栏:心理健康举足轻重(2)

Workers are more inclined to accept help if they feel the treatment regime will be considerate. 如果雇员们治疗方案合适的话，他们更愿意接受治疗。

"Cognitive¹ behavioural therapy", which teaches people to bypass unhelpful thoughts, has few negative connotations. “认知行为疗法”能教人们绕开那些无益的想法，这种疗法几乎没什么潜在负面影响。

The business world has also made great strides in dealing² with mental health. 商业界也在对待精神健康方面大有进步。

A 2017 report by Business in the Community, a British charity, for example, 例如，英国慈善组织—社区商业协会的一份2017年报告发现

found that 53% of workers said they felt comfortable about discussing mental-health issues at work. 53%的员工表示在工作场合讨论心理健康问题不会让他们感到不适。

But plenty of progress still needs to be made. Only13% of those with a problem felt they would be able to discuss it with their line manager. 但仍需要做出更多的进步。在患有心理健康的人群中，仅有13%的人觉得他们可以和自己的部门经理讨论这个问题。

Zain Sikafi, a British doctor, has set up Mynurva, an online therapy service that schedules appointments after 5pm and at weekends, 英国医生Zain Sikafi成立了Mynurva，在下午五点以后和周末预约为人们提供在线疗法服务，

so that people can get help outside office hours. He says that people are reluctant to tell their friends and colleagues that they need therapy. 这样大家可以在下班时间获得帮助。他称人们不愿意告诉自己的朋友和同事自己需要治疗。

That is why Mynurva has no app: it would be permanently³ visible on users' phones. 所以Mynurv没有app：app在用户的手机上是永远可以看见的。

One approach that might encourage greater understanding, Dr Sikafi suggests, would be a change of terminology⁴. Sikafi医生表示，一种鼓励大家对此了解更多的方法是更改术语。

Terms like "mental illness" are still associated with some severe conditions. 像是“精神病”这样的术语仍然和一些严重的疾病相联系。

Some companies have a long-hours culture; others insist on near-continuous contact with their employees through their smartphones. 一些公司有加班的公司文化；其他公司坚持通过智能手机和他们的员工保持不间断的联系。

That makes it very hard for workers to escape stress and to devote their attention to their families or to enjoy activities outside work. 这样让员工们难以逃离压力，无法将他们的注意力投入家庭，也无法享受工作之外的活动。

On the other hand, flexitime has become more common, 另一方面，弹性上班制越来越普遍，

home working may create a calmer environment, and it is more acceptable for men to take time off for family events. 在家工作或许能创造出一个更加平静的环境，对那些需要抽出时间料理家事的男性来说，也更加可以接受。

And a reticence⁵ to talk about mental health in front of the boss may be unnecessary. Executives are people, too. 或许不必在老板面前对心理健康避而不谈。高管们也是人。

A study by BUPA, a health insurer, of global business leaders found that 64% had suffered a mental-health issue at some point. 健康保险公司保柏集团对全球商业领袖做了一份研究，该研究发现64%的领导者在某一刻也有过心理健康问题。

That ought to make them sympathetic to staff in the same situation. 这一经历应该让他们对处于同一情况中的员工更有同理心。

In theory, a more humane⁶ approach should be good for managers and workers for other reasons as well. 理论上来讲，一种更加人道的方法应该对管理者和员工们都有益。

The WHO says that "workplaces that promote mental health and support people with mental disorders⁷ are more likely to reduce absenteeism, WHO表示“那些促进心理健康并对患有精神障碍的员工给予支持的公司更有可能降低矿工率，

increase productivity and benefit from associated economic gains." Just the ability to talk freely about stress or anxiety may reduce the problem. 提供生产效率，也能从相关的经济收益中获益。”仅仅是自由谈论压力或焦虑的能力或许就能减轻这类问题。

Perhaps in future workers will be no more reluctant to reveal a mental condition than to report a broken bone or a dose of the flu. 大概在未来，相比上报骨折或流感等疾病，员工们更加不会拒绝透露自己的精神状况。

 

1 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

2 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

3 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。

4 terminology   

n.术语；专有名词

参考例句：

• He particularly criticized the terminology in the document.他特别批评了文件中使用的术语。
• The article uses rather specialized musical terminology.这篇文章用了相当专业的音乐术语。

5 reticence   

n.沉默，含蓄

参考例句：

• He breaks out of his normal reticence and tells me the whole story.他打破了平时一贯沈默寡言的习惯，把事情原原本本都告诉了我。
• He always displays a certain reticence in discussing personal matters.他在谈论个人问题时总显得有些保留。

6 humane   

adj.人道的，富有同情心的

参考例句：

• Is it humane to kill animals for food?宰杀牲畜来吃合乎人道吗？
• Their aim is for a more just and humane society.他们的目标是建立一个更加公正、博爱的社会。

7 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》