经济学人107:戛纳电影节 The Cannes film festival

 　　Books and Arts; Film Review;The Cannes film festival; Subtle story;

　　文艺；影评；戛纳电影节；微妙的故事；

　　Abdellatif Kechiche's film, “La vie d'Adele”, carries off the top prize;

　　阿布戴·柯西胥执导的电影《阿黛尔的生活》摘得桂冠；

　　At A time of national collective depression in France, the Cannes film festival is a precious moment: an occasion to show the world that it can still host the most prestigious¹ film festival, throw star-studded parties and draw the best Hollywood talent. Over the years, Cannes has also become a chance for the industry to make a point, and it was easy to see one in this year's winner of the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize. It went to “La vie d'Adele” (“Blue is the Warmest Colour”), a three-hour erotic lesbian drama directed by a Tunisian-born director, Abdellatif Kechiche. “A perfect symbol,” mused² Libération.

　　在法国举国笼罩在阴郁之下时，戛纳电影节成为其最闪耀的一刻：法国向世人证明了自己仍旧可以举办世界上最具盛名的电影节、众星云集的晚会，同时也吸引着每一位好莱坞明星。多年来，戛纳一直都是电影业界阐述观念的舞台，而今年的金棕榈奖——戛纳电影节最高奖项的获奖得主，也能够看出这一点。今年的获奖影片是由出生在突尼斯的导演阿布戴·柯西胥执导、以三小时时长讲述了女同性恋故事的《阿黛尔的生活》（《蓝色是一种暖色调》）。法国解放报这样写道：“这是一个完美的象征。”

　　Adele, a pupil at a multicultural³ school in Lille, wants to become a teacher. Played by the 19-year-old Adele Exarchopoulos, an acting⁴ revelation, she is thrown into disarray⁵, then ecstasy⁶, then melancholy⁷ by an explosive love affair with Emma (Léa Seydoux), an art student from a liberal-intellectual milieu⁸, with gamine looks and blue-dyed hair. It is an unsentimental coming-of-age film about womanhood, a tale of passion and anger, and an unapologetically graphic⁹ love story.

　　影片主角阿黛尔是法国里尔市一所多文化学校的一名学生，她的梦想是成为一名老师。这个角色由演技颇具启示的阿黛尔·艾克阿切波洛斯扮演，在影片中因她与出身自由而又学术的、一头蓝发散发着假小子气质的艺术学生艾玛（由蕾雅·赛杜扮演）的恋情，而使得她的人生陷入混沌，继而狂喜，继而忧郁。影片对于女性的刻画真实且成熟，就像是一个充斥激情与激愤的故事，也像是一段清楚直白不做作的爱情故事。

　　Steven Spielberg, an American director and this year's jury president, dismissed any political symbolism. “Politics”, he said, “was not in the room with us.” Yet the Palme d'Or was awarded on a day when protesters took to the streets in Paris for a mass demonstration¹⁰ against a new law that has legalised gay marriage in France, and after a period marked by homophobic violence. By exploring a love affair between two women, the Franco-Tunisian Mr Kechiche has also made a bold point about female liberty. And he dedicated¹¹ his prize to youth in both France and Tunisia, “so as to inspire them to live in freedom.”

　　作为今年电影节的评审团主席，美国导演史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格拒绝任何形式上将电影同政治相关联。他说：“政治，绝不是我们考虑的因素。”然而，金棕榈奖颁发前，是一段充斥着反同性恋暴力的时间，在这个奖颁发时，法国反对同性婚姻合法化法律的示威者正在巴黎街头举行游行抗议。突裔法国导演柯西胥通过探索女性之间的爱情，在女性自由解放中迈出了坚定的一步。他把他的奖献给所有法国和突尼斯的青年人，“为了让他们能够更加自由的生活。”

　　Does Cannes need to shock? Past juries have delighted in making mischievous¹² political choices. When Michael Moore won the 2004 prize for “Fahrenheit 9/11”, his anti-George Bush documentary, he got a 20-minute standing¹³ ovation¹⁴. In recent years, the gong has often gone to films that grasp nettlesome subjects, such as Cristian Mungiu's “4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days” (abortion) or Ken¹⁵ Loach's “The Wind that Shakes the Barley” (Irish independence).

　　戛纳会不会对此感到震惊？以前的评审团经常做一些与政治相关的选择。当麦克·摩尔2004年凭借批判乔治·布什总统的纪录片《华氏911》获奖时，人们起身为他喝彩了20分钟。而近年来，获奖的总是些围绕着恼人事件的电影，比如说克里斯蒂安·蒙吉的《四月三周两天》（有关堕胎）或者是肯·洛奇的《风吹稻浪》（爱尔兰独立）。

　　Yet, judging by the near-unanimous critical approval, “Adele” has married both political importance and artistic¹⁶ merit. Libération called it “dazzling”, a “film that floated above all the others”. Le Monde described it as “an emotional, erotic shock”. Variety labelled it “a searingly intimate character study”. Better known for his gritty but charming dramas set in heavily immigrant France (“L'Esquive”, “La Graine et le Mulet”), Mr Kechiche's latest film is also in many ways a product of the French mainstream¹⁷: a risqué movie, shot in close-up, celebrating independence and passion, starring two white leading actresses, and with minorities as mere¹⁸ extras. For all his north African sensibility, Mr Kechiche now looks every bit a part of the French film-making establishment.

　　然而，从一致的评论中可以看出，《阿黛尔的生活》是政治因素和艺术价值的结合体。法国《解放报》称其“乱花渐欲迷人眼。”，是“一部领先的电影”。《世界报》将电影描述为“情感丰富，充满情欲”。《综艺》给它贴上了“炽热的亲密关系研究”的标签。导演柯西胥更多的是知名于他那些描述法国移民的坚毅、颇具魅力的电影（《躲闪》、《谷子和鲻鱼》），而他的新作品在很多方面也都紧贴潮流：淫秽电影、近景拍摄、欢庆独立与激情、两名白人女主角而民族仅作为附加部分。他对于北非的感受力，让现在的他成为了法国电影史成就的一部分。

1 prestigious   

adj.有威望的，有声望的，受尊敬的

参考例句：

• The young man graduated from a prestigious university.这个年轻人毕业于一所名牌大学。
• You may even join a prestigious magazine as a contributing editor.甚至可能会加入一个知名杂志做编辑。

2 mused   

v.沉思，冥想( muse的过去式和过去分词 )；沉思自语说（某事）

参考例句：

• \"I wonder if I shall ever see them again, \"he mused. “我不知道是否还可以再见到他们，”他沉思自问。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• \"Where are we going from here?\" mused one of Rutherford's guests. 卢瑟福的一位客人忍不住说道：‘我们这是在干什么？” 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史

3 multicultural   

adj.融合多种文化的，多种文化的

参考例句：

• Children growing up in a multicultural society.在多元文化社会中长大的孩子们。
• The school has been attempting to bring a multicultural perspective to its curriculum.这所学校已经在尝试将一种多元文化视角引入其课程。

4 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

5 disarray   

n.混乱，紊乱，凌乱

参考例句：

• His personal life fell into disarray when his wife left him.妻子离去后，他的个人生活一片混乱。
• Our plans were thrown into disarray by the rail strike.铁路罢工打乱了我们的计划。

6 ecstasy   

n.狂喜，心醉神怡，入迷

参考例句：

• He listened to the music with ecstasy.他听音乐听得入了神。
• Speechless with ecstasy,the little boys gazed at the toys.小孩注视着那些玩具，高兴得说不出话来。

7 melancholy   

n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的

参考例句：

• All at once he fell into a state of profound melancholy.他立即陷入无尽的忧思之中。
• He felt melancholy after he failed the exam.这次考试没通过，他感到很郁闷。

8 milieu   

n.环境；出身背景；(个人所处的)社会环境

参考例句：

• Foods usually provide a good milieu for the persistence of viruses.食品通常为病毒存续提供了一个良好的栖身所。
• He was born in a social milieu where further education was a luxury.他生在一个受较高教育就被认为是奢侈的社会环境里。

9 graphic   

adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的

参考例句：

• The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
• Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。

10 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

11 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

12 mischievous   

adj.调皮的，恶作剧的，有害的，伤人的

参考例句：

• He is a mischievous but lovable boy.他是一个淘气但可爱的小孩。
• A mischievous cur must be tied short.恶狗必须拴得短。

13 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

14 ovation   

n.欢呼，热烈欢迎，热烈鼓掌

参考例句：

• The hero received a great ovation from the crowd. 那位英雄受到人群的热烈欢迎。
• The show won a standing ovation. 这场演出赢得全场起立鼓掌。

15 ken   

n.视野，知识领域

参考例句：

• Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
• Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.

16 artistic   

adj.艺术(家)的，美术(家)的；善于艺术创作的

参考例句：

• The picture on this screen is a good artistic work.这屏风上的画是件很好的艺术品。
• These artistic handicrafts are very popular with foreign friends.外国朋友很喜欢这些美术工艺品。

17 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

18 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。