经济学人:泰国佛教 失踪的僧侣(2)

 　　But Dhammakaya has fierce opponents both within the Buddhist¹ establishment and outside it.

　　但是Dhammakaya在佛教内部和外部都有强劲的对手。

　　Critics denounce it as a cult² that peddles³ wacky theology, and warn that it misleads wealthy urbanites into thinking that they can purchase religious merit. (The most serious of the several allegations against PhraDhammachayo relates to a case in which an acolyte⁴ funded a donation with cash embezzled⁵ from a credit union.)

　　批评家公开指责它是一种传播古怪的神学的邪教，还警告大家说它会诱导有钱的城市居民他们去买功德。（在Dhammakaya的反对者中爆料了一件事，一个祭司用从合作信用社贪污来的钱建立了一个捐款基金。）

　　泰国佛教失踪的僧侣2.jpeg

　　Thailand's ruling junta⁶ worries that the movement's leaders are sympathetic to the cause of Thaksin Shinawatra, a populist former prime minister toppled in 2006 whose lingering influence the generals and their backers are determined⁷ to stamp out.

　　泰国执政政府担心这场运动的发起人支持在2006年被打倒的前任平民主义首相Thaksin Shinawatra的遭遇，这有可能使将军和他们的支持者决心去造反。

　　Last year the junta abandoned several attempts to drag PhraDhammachayo out for questioning, fearful of the outrage⁸ that might follow were soldiers to be pictured manhandling monks⁹.

　　去年，军政府担心媒体会把军方描绘成迫害修士的负面形象，因此没有对Phra Dhammachayo继续质询下去。

　　The latest effort looks more concerted.

　　最近军方的行为似乎也证实了这一点。

　　It may not be a coincidence that the operation began shortly after the installation of a new Supreme¹⁰ Patriarch (Thai Buddhism's most senior monk).

　　这次行动是在新任住持（佛教级别最高的和尚）就任之后就展开了。

　　That job is usually filled according to a strict hierarchy¹¹ but had been held open for several years after conservative clergy¹² refused to endorse¹³ the expected successor—in part because of worries that he was too close to Dhammakaya.

　　这个职位通常是有严苛的等级制度的，不过迄今已经对外开放好几年了，因为先前一位保守的住持拒绝承认继任者—而其中部分原因是担心继任者与Dhammakaya走的太近。

　　The junta took the unusual step of asking King Vajiralongkorn, who succeeded his father in December, to solve that dispute; he anointed a less controversial alternative, SomdetPhraMahaMuniwong, who hails from the smaller and more orthodox of Thailand's two main Buddhist orders.

　　军政府采取了非常规步骤，要求在去年12月份继承父位的Vajiralongkorn国王解决这项分配问题；他任命了一位争议较少的替代者，来自较小规模的两个主要正统教派之一的SomdetPhraMahaMuniwong。

　　Monks at the Dhammakaya temple say that they have not seen their former abbot for months.

　　Dhammakaya寺院的和尚说他们已经几个月没有见到他们的前任住持了。

　　They say the real aim of the raid is to shut the entire temple down.

　　他们认为这次突袭的真正目的在于使整个寺院都无法正常运转。

　　The generals may yet decide to back away from the fight, as they have done previously¹⁴.

　　各方领导人也许还没有决定撤退，正如他们最近所做一样。

　　They could perhaps claim that the searches they have already conducted are enough to declare the operation complete.

　　他们也许会宣称他们所做的调查研究已经足够完成这项行动。

　　That might look like a defeat, but it is hard to escape the conclusion that the Dhammakaya movement is running out of powerful friends.

　　也许看起来是失败了，但Dhammakay运动消耗掉了所有有能力的盟友这个结论也是板上钉钉了。

　　With the royal succession—which some had feared would be tumultuous—safely behind it, Thailand's conservative establishment is reasserting itself, in religion as in politics.

　　有了忠实的继任者安排妥当之后（有些人害怕可能造成的反应会比较激烈），泰国的保守派不论是在宗教上还是在政治上就可以不断重申自我了。

　　1.relates to 涉及到

　　例句:Public finance relates to the tax and welfare system that we have.

　　公共财政学涉及，税收和我们的福利体系。

　　2.shut down 关闭；停工

　　例句:Smaller contractors¹⁵ had been forced to shut down.

　　规模较小的承包商已被迫歇业。

　　3.shortly after 不久之后；很快

　　例句:Shortly after moving into her apartment, she found a job.

　　搬进公寓不久，她就找到了份工作。

　　4.back away 撤退；后退

　　例句:He's backing away from the policies and style of his predecessor¹⁶.

　　他正脱离其前任的政策和风格。

1 Buddhist   

adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒

参考例句：

• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。
• In the eye of the Buddhist,every worldly affair is vain.在佛教徒的眼里，人世上一切事情都是空的。

2 cult   

n.异教，邪教；时尚，狂热的崇拜

参考例句：

• Her books aren't bestsellers,but they have a certain cult following.她的书算不上畅销书，但有一定的崇拜者。
• The cult of sun worship is probably the most primitive one.太阳崇拜仪式或许是最为原始的一种。

3 peddles   

（沿街）叫卖( peddle的第三人称单数 )； 兜售； 宣传； 散播

参考例句：

• Citigroup peddles mortgages to risky borrowers through CitiFinancial, its consumer-finance arm. 花旗集团通过旗下的消费者金融部门CitiFinancial向信用不佳的客户兜售抵押贷款。
• That is a handicap when it peddles itself to donors. 但当它向捐助国兜售自己时这个却是一项不利条件。

4 acolyte   

n.助手，侍僧

参考例句：

• To his acolytes,he is known simply as "the Boss".他被手下人简称为“老板”。
• Richard Brome,an acolyte of Ben Jonson's,wrote "The Jovial Crew" in 1641.本•琼森的仆人理查德•布罗姆在1641年写了《一伙快活人》。

5 embezzled   

v.贪污，盗用（公款）( embezzle的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The clerk embezzled a thousand pounds from the bank where he worked. 那个职员在他工作的银行里贪污了一千英镑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cashier embezzled ＄ 50,000 from the bank. 出纳员盗用了银行5万美元。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。

7 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

8 outrage   

n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒

参考例句：

• When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
• We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。

9 monks   

n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The monks lived a very ascetic life. 僧侣过着很清苦的生活。
• He had been trained rigorously by the monks. 他接受过修道士的严格训练。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

11 hierarchy   

n.等级制度；统治集团，领导层

参考例句：

• There is a rigid hierarchy of power in that country.那个国家有一套严密的权力等级制度。
• She's high up in the management hierarchy.她在管理阶层中地位很高。

12 clergy   

n.[总称]牧师，神职人员

参考例句：

• I could heartily wish that more of our country clergy would follow this example.我衷心希望，我国有更多的牧师效法这个榜样。
• All the local clergy attended the ceremony.当地所有的牧师出席了仪式。

13 endorse   

vt.(支票、汇票等)背书，背署；批注；同意

参考例句：

• No one is foolish enough to endorse it.没有哪个人会傻得赞成它。
• I fully endorse your opinions on this subject.我完全拥护你对此课题的主张。

14 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

15 contractors   

n.（建筑、监造中的）承包人( contractor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• We got estimates from three different contractors before accepting the lowest. 我们得到3个承包商的报价后，接受了最低的报价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Contractors winning construction jobs had to kick back 2 per cent of the contract price to the mafia. 赢得建筑工作的承包商得抽出合同价格的百分之二的回扣给黑手党。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。