2022年经济学人 法国大选进入决战时刻--马克龙遭遇强敌

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Following Russia’s withdrawal¹ from northern Ukraine, the inhabitants of Kyiv, the capital, as well as other northern cities such as Sumy and Chernihiv, enjoyed a week with no shelling or rocket attacks for the first time since the war started on February 24th.

俄罗斯从乌克兰北部撤军后，首都基辅以及苏梅和切尔尼戈夫等其他北部城市的居民享受了自2月24日战争开始以来首次没有炮击或火箭弹袭击的一周。

Ukraine’s second city, Kharkiv, farther to the east, was largely quiet, too.

乌克兰第二大城市哈尔科夫位于东部更远的地方，基本上也很安静。

Karl Nehammer, the chancellor² of Austria, became the first Western leader to visit Mr Putin since the war began.

奥地利总理卡尔·内哈默成为自战争开始以来首位访问普京的西方领导人。

Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, travelled to Kyiv to meet Volodymyr Zelensky, Ukraine’s president.

欧盟委员会主席乌苏拉·冯德莱恩前往基辅会见乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基。

Boris Johnson, Britain’s prime minister, also called on Mr Zelensky.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊也访问了泽连斯基。

Britain, Slovakia and other European governments also gave Ukraine more weapons, including tanks and anti-aircraft missile systems.

英国、斯洛伐克和其他欧洲国家政府也向乌克兰提供了更多武器，包括坦克和防空导弹系统。

France went to the polls in the first round of its presidential election.

法国开始了第一轮总统选举的投票。

Just as in 2017, the top two candidates, who will proceed to a run-off on April 24th, are Emmanuel Macron, the incumbent³, and Marine⁴ Le Pen, the right-wing leader of the National Rally.

和2017年一样，排名前两位的候选人将在4月24日进行决选，他们是现任总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙和国民联盟党的右翼领导人玛丽娜·勒庞。

The opinion polls predict a much tighter race than last time.

民意调查预测这次的竞争将比上次激烈得多。

Imran Khan was ousted⁵ as Pakistan’s prime minister when he lost a vote of confidence in parliament.

伊姆兰·汗在议会的信任投票中失利，他的巴基斯坦总理职务被革除了。

He had tried to ward⁶ off the vote by dissolving the legislature, but the Supreme⁷ Court ruled the manoeuvre⁸ illegal.

他曾试图通过解散立法机关来阻止投票，但最高法院裁定这种做法是非法的。

Legislators selected as the new prime minister Shehbaz Sharif, the younger brother of Nawaz Sharif, a former prime minister.

议员们选择前总理纳瓦兹·谢里夫的弟弟谢赫巴兹·谢里夫为新总理。

Mr Khan called for protests.

伊姆兰·汗呼吁进行抗议。

Sri Lanka suspended payments on all foreign debt until it can reach agreement with creditors⁹ on restructuring the loans, paving the way for the country’s first default.

斯里兰卡暂停支付所有外债，直到能与债权人就重组贷款达成协议，这为该国首次违约铺平了道路。

The move will allow the government to use its dwindling¹⁰ foreign reserves to import food and fuel while it negotiates a restructuring and a bail-out from the IMF.

此举将允许政府利用其日益减少的外汇储备进口食品和燃料，与此同时，该国与国际货币基金组织协商重组和纾困方案。

Australia’s prime minister, Scott Morrison, called a general election for May 21st.

澳大利亚总理斯科特·莫里森呼吁在5月21日举行大选。

His conservative coalition¹¹ trails the opposition¹² Labor¹³ Party in the polls.

他所在的保守联盟在民意调查中落后于反对党工党。

A gunman opened fire at a station on a New York subway train, wounding ten people.

一名枪手在纽约地铁的一个车站开枪，造成10人受伤。

He also let off a smoke canister. Another 13 were injured in the mêlée.

他还放出了一个烟雾弹。另有13人在混乱中受伤。

The attacker’s motive¹⁴ was not immediately clear.

目前还不清楚袭击者的动机。

A murder charge against a woman in Texas who induced an abortion¹⁶ was dropped.

德克萨斯州一名妇女因堕胎而被指控谋杀，该指控被撤销。

The woman reportedly told hospital staff that she had tried to abort¹⁵ her fetus¹⁷ herself, which led to her arrest.

据报道，这名妇女告诉医院工作人员，她曾试图自己打掉胎儿，这导致她被捕。

Last year Texas passed a law that in effect bans abortion after six weeks.

去年，德克萨斯州通过了一项法律，实施六周后禁止堕胎。

The local district-attorney said the woman would not be prosecuted¹⁸.

当地检察官表示，这名妇女不会被起诉。

1 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

2 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

3 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

4 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

5 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

6 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

7 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

8 manoeuvre   

n.策略，调动；v.用策略，调动

参考例句：

• Her withdrawal from the contest was a tactical manoeuvre.她退出比赛是一个战术策略。
• The clutter of ships had little room to manoeuvre.船只橫七竖八地挤在一起，几乎没有多少移动的空间。

9 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 dwindling   

adj.逐渐减少的v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The number of wild animals on the earth is dwindling. 地球上野生动物的数量正日渐减少。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He is struggling to come to terms with his dwindling authority. 他正努力适应自己权力被削弱这一局面。 来自辞典例句

11 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

12 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

13 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

14 motive   

n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的

参考例句：

• The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
• He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。

15 abort   

v.使流产，堕胎；中止；中止(工作、计划等)

参考例句：

• The captain instructed them to abort the mission.上尉指示他们中止执行任务。
• With this button the user can abort the audio sequence.用户可以用该按钮终止音频序列。

16 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

17 fetus   

n.胎，胎儿

参考例句：

• In the fetus,blood cells are formed in different sites at different ages.胎儿的血细胞在不同时期生成在不同的部位。
• No one knows why a fetus is not automatically rejected by the mother's immune system. 没有人知道为什么母亲的免疫系统不会自动排斥胎儿。

18 prosecuted   

a.被起诉的

参考例句：

• The editors are being prosecuted for obscenity. 编辑因刊载污秽文字而被起诉。
• The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act. 这家公司被控违反《卫生安全条例》。