纪录片《冰冻星球》 第82期 履于薄冰（14）

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Most of South Georgia's glaciers²

自沙克尔顿的时代后

have shrunk since Shackleton's time

大多数南乔治亚冰川已经消逝了

and most of that has happened

而且大多数消逝发生在

since I first went to the Antarctic 30 years ago.

我上次来南极大陆到现在的三十年间

I've been to South Georgia several times

我来过南乔治亚岛几次

and seen how greatly the glaciers there have changed.

也见证了这里冰川的剧变

This photograph of a glacier¹

照片上的冰川

reaching right down to the sea

从我1981年第一次来这里起

was taken just six years

短短六年间

before I first visited in 1981.

就完全没入了大海

Now, that glacier has retreated

如今 这片冰川从海边

by 400 metres away from the beach.

向内陆退后了足足四百米

Temperatures in South Georgia have risen sharply,

南乔治亚岛的温度急剧上升

but the Southern Hemisphere's most dramatic warming

但在南半球最显著的气候变暖现象

has happened a little further south.

发生在更南端的地方

In recent years, stronger winds blowing over the Southern Ocean

近些年来 渐强的海风吹拂沿南大洋

have brought warmer air

带来了更暖的空气

to the 800 mile-long finger of land

吹至八百英里长的狭长陆地上

that forms the northern extremity³ of the Antarctic continent.

形成了现在南极大陆北端的样子

Here, on the Antarctic Peninsula,

在过去五十年里

the changing wind patterns have driven

海风的变化

temperatures up by nearly three degrees Centigrade

使南极半岛的气温

over the last 50 years.

上升了近三摄氏度

Ten times the average rate of the rest of the planet.

这是地球其他地区平均水平的十倍

1 glacier   

n.冰川，冰河

参考例句：

• The glacier calved a large iceberg.冰河崩解而形成一个大冰山。
• The upper surface of glacier is riven by crevasses.冰川的上表面已裂成冰隙。

2 glaciers   

冰河，冰川( glacier的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Glaciers gouged out valleys from the hills. 冰川把丘陵地带冲出一条条山谷。
• It has ice and snow glaciers, rainforests and beautiful mountains. 既有冰川，又有雨林和秀丽的山峰。 来自英语晨读30分（高一）

3 extremity   

n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度

参考例句：

• I hope you will help them in their extremity.我希望你能帮助在穷途末路的他们。
• What shall we do in this extremity?在这种极其困难的情况下我们该怎么办呢？