纪录片《凡尔赛宫》 49是君主专制还是开明改革

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BBC纪录片《凡尔赛宫》精讲第49期:是君主专制还是开明改革

时间:2012-06-03 07:38:00 来源:可可英语 编辑:lily ?  可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet 

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第 1 页：原文欣赏

第 2 页：重点讲解

So, this is coups¹ d'etat in thesense

所以这次政变意味着

that one of the things that is absolutely

推翻了法国君主制的

key for the self-image of the French monarchy² is that

一个最主要标志

it is a legitimate³, absolute monarchy that rules according to the laws,

那就是它的合法性 法律监督下的君主专制

so to abolish the law courts, themselves,

所以取缔最高法院这一举动

is a very powerful signal,

是一个强势的标志

and a very blatant⁴ act of royal despotism.

及公然的皇室独裁行为

Louis believed he was acting⁵ in the best interests of France,

路易坚信他是由法国利益出发

whose outdated⁶ legal system stood in the way of progress.

过时的法律体系阻碍着变革的开展

So, he introduced wholesale⁷ reforms,

因此 他开展大规模的变革

for example, free justice.

比如自由司法

Also the judges, themselves,

同样法官

were now to be appointed by the Crown for life.

也被国王指定为终身制

And they would no longer buy their position as judge,

也不能再向以前一样

as had been the case before.

用钱来购买法官职位

So, for many, including Voltaire,

包括伏尔泰在内的许多人

this was seen as an enlightenedreform.

认为这是一项开明的改革

Unfortunately for Louis XV, by silencing the Parlement,

对路易十五不幸的是 压制最高法院的决定

the King unleashed⁸ opposition⁹ on a scale

掀起了一场多世未见的

that had not been seen for generations.

大规模的反对浪潮

1 coups   

n.意外而成功的行动( coup的名词复数 )；政变；努力办到难办的事

参考例句：

• China has seen many political coups within the ruling class. 中国统治阶级内部发生过很多政变。 来自互联网
• Thailand has had eighteen coups or coup attendance since nineteen thirty-two. 泰国1932年以来有18次政变或参加政变。 来自互联网

2 monarchy   

n.君主，最高统治者；君主政体，君主国

参考例句：

• The monarchy in England plays an important role in British culture.英格兰的君主政体在英国文化中起重要作用。
• The power of the monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象徵性的，无甚实际意义。

3 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

4 blatant   

adj.厚颜无耻的；显眼的；炫耀的

参考例句：

• I cannot believe that so blatant a comedy can hoodwink anybody.我无法相信这么显眼的一出喜剧能够欺骗谁。
• His treatment of his secretary was a blatant example of managerial arrogance.他管理的傲慢作风在他对待秘书的态度上表露无遗。

5 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

6 outdated   

adj.旧式的，落伍的，过时的；v.使过时

参考例句：

• That list of addresses is outdated,many have changed.那个通讯录已经没用了，许多地址已经改了。
• Many of us conform to the outdated customs laid down by our forebears.我们许多人都遵循祖先立下的过时习俗。

7 wholesale   

n.批发；adv.以批发方式；vt.批发，成批出售

参考例句：

• The retail dealer buys at wholesale and sells at retail.零售商批发购进货物，以零售价卖出。
• Such shoes usually wholesale for much less.这种鞋批发出售通常要便宜得多。

8 unleashed   

v.把（感情、力量等）释放出来，发泄( unleash的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The government's proposals unleashed a storm of protest in the press. 政府的提案引发了新闻界的抗议浪潮。
• The full force of his rage was unleashed against me. 他把所有的怒气都发泄在我身上。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。