纪录片《为何讲话》 第35期：准确发音的基因

So you really have to recognise that there is a huge element of luck

你就会觉得真的是超好的运气

that was involved in allowing this discovery to be made.

让我们有了这个发现

Finally, they had the breakthrough they needed.

最终 他们取得了所需的突破

Tests on the new child's DNA¹ revealed

那个孩子的DNA检测表明

that part of his chromosome² 7 was clearly broken off.

其七号染色体的某部分已明显受损

And to their amazement³, Faraneh and her team

法拉尼和他的团队还惊讶地发现

found a mutation⁴ in the KE family's DNA, in exactly the same location.

DNA突变的部分和KE家族是一样的

That finding suggests that many people with speech disorders⁵

这个发现说明许多语言失常的人

could have a faulty gene⁶.

都可能是基因问题

After years of searching, they'd finally found a gene,

经过多年研究 他们终于找到了

one that controls our unique ability to shape words.

控制我们准确发音能力的基因

They called it FOXP2.

他们给它命名为FOXP2

FOXP2 seems to have a very important role

FOXP2在控制脸的下半部分上

on the control of this part of the face

扮演着非常重要的角色

in order to be able to communicate the tiny movements

控制肌肉做些微小的移动

that are required in order to sequence the speech sounds

让说话发声变得有序

that results in our fluent speech.

从而形成流利的语言

1 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

2 chromosome   

n.染色体

参考例句：

• Chromosome material with exhibits of such behaviour is called heterochromatin.表现这种现象的染色体物质叫做异染色质。
• A segment of the chromosome may become lost,resulting in a deletion.染色体的一个片段可能会丢失，结果产生染色体的缺失。

3 amazement   

n.惊奇，惊讶

参考例句：

• All those around him looked at him with amazement.周围的人都对他投射出惊异的眼光。
• He looked at me in blank amazement.他带着迷茫惊诧的神情望着我。

4 mutation   

n.变化，变异，转变

参考例句：

• People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
• So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。

5 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。