历年考研英语阅读理解mp3(00-5)

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[00:03.69]2000 Passage5
[00:07.72]If ambition is to be well regarded,
[00:10.74]the rewards of ambition--wealth, distinction, control
[00:14.68]over one's destiny
[00:16.29]--must be deemed worthy¹ of the sacrifices
[00:18.82]made on ambition's behalf.
[00:21.24]If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality,
[00:24.46]it must be widely shared;
[00:26.57]and it especially must be highly regarded
[00:29.10]by people who are themselves admired,
[00:32.13]the educated not least among them.
[00:35.15]In an odd way, however, it is the educated
[00:38.07]who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal.
[00:42.60]What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited
[00:46.03]from ambition--if not always their own then
[00:49.66]that of their parents and grandparents.
[00:52.69]There is heavy note of hypocrisy² in this,
[00:55.61]a case of closing the barn door
[00:57.53]after the horses have escaped
[00:59.65]--with the educated themselves riding on them.
[01:03.65]Certainly people do not seem less interested in success
[01:07.08]and its signs now than formerly³.
[01:10.21]Summer homes, European travel, BMWs
[01:14.14]--the locations, place names and name brands may change,
[01:18.57]but such items do not seem less in demand today
[01:21.90]than a decade or two years ago.
[01:24.51]What has happened is that people
[01:26.07]cannot confess fully⁴ to their dreams,
[01:28.79]as easily and openly as once they could,
[01:32.12]lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.
[01:36.22]Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles,
[01:40.26]which now more than ever seem in ample supply:
[01:44.10]the critic of American materialism
[01:46.32]with a Southampton summer home;
[01:48.63]the publisher of radical⁵ books
[01:50.41]who takes his meals in three-star restaurants;
[01:53.35]the journalist advocating participatory democracy
[01:56.15]in all phases of life,
[01:58.37]whose own children are enrolled⁶ in private schools.
[02:02.32]For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional,
[02:06.37]the proper formulation is," Succeed at all costs
[02:10.51]but avoid appearing ambitious."
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[02:13.73]The attacks on ambition are many
[02:16.06]and come from various angles;
[02:18.38]its public defenders⁷ are few and unimpressive,
[02:21.80]where they are not extremely unattractive.
[02:25.69]As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse,
[02:29.83]a quality to be admired and fixed⁸ in the mind of the young,
[02:33.55]is probably lower than it has ever been
[02:36.28]in the United States.
[02:37.79]This does not mean that ambition is at an end,
[02:40.92]that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,
[02:44.56]but only that, no longer openly honored,
[02:47.87]it is less openly professed⁹.
[02:50.61]Consequences follow from this,of course,
[02:53.43]some of which are the ambition
[02:55.35]is driven underground, or made sly.
[02:58.97]Such, then, is the way things stand:
[03:01.90]on the left angry critics,
[03:04.12]on the right stupid supporters,
[03:06.63]and in the middle, as usual,
[03:08.87]the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.

1 worthy   

adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的

参考例句：

• I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
• There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。

2 hypocrisy   

n.伪善，虚伪

参考例句：

• He railed against hypocrisy and greed.他痛斥伪善和贪婪的行为。
• He accused newspapers of hypocrisy in their treatment of the story.他指责了报纸在报道该新闻时的虚伪。

3 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

4 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

5 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

6 enrolled   

adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• They have been studying hard from the moment they enrolled. 从入学时起，他们就一直努力学习。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He enrolled with an employment agency for a teaching position. 他在职业介绍所登了记以谋求一个教师的职位。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 defenders   

n.防御者( defender的名词复数 )；守卫者；保护者；辩护者

参考例句：

• The defenders were outnumbered and had to give in. 抵抗者寡不敌众，只能投降。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city. 守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

9 professed   

公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的

参考例句：

• These, at least, were their professed reasons for pulling out of the deal. 至少这些是他们自称退出这宗交易的理由。
• Her manner professed a gaiety that she did not feel. 她的神态显出一种她并未实际感受到的快乐。