历届美国总统简介：约翰·昆西·亚当斯

约翰·昆西·亚当斯（John Quincy Adams，1767年7月11日－1848年2月23日）是美国第六任总统（1825年－1829年）。他是第二任总统约翰·亚当斯及第一夫人爱比盖尔·亚当斯的长子。在詹姆斯·门罗时期担任美国国务卿，并发展“门罗主义”。解决与英国的许多纠纷，从西班牙手中取得佛罗里达，因此，被认为是美国历史上“最有成就的国务卿之一”。[1] 

1825年亚当斯当选总统。1828年美国总统选举连任失败，1829年卸任后被选为国会众议员，是唯一一位当选美国众议员的卸任总统，担任众议员直至逝世。

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John Quincy Adams was America’s sixth President and the first who was the son of a President. In many respects, he paralleled the career as well as the temperament¹ and viewpoints of his illustrious father. Adams was born in Massachusetts in 1767. He spent much of his youth accompanying his father overseas and became fluent in French and Dutch. After graduating from Harvard College, he became a lawyer.

 

His political career began at the age of 26 when he was appointed Minister to the Netherlands. In 1802 he was elected to the United States Senate. Six years later President Madison appointed him Minister to Russia. As secretary to his father in Europe, he became an accomplished² diarist. The fifty volumes he wrote documenting nineteenth-century American politics are often used by historians today.

 

In the political tradition of the early 19th century, Adams, as Secretary of State, was considered the heir to the Presidency³. However, the old ways of choosing a President were giving way to electing someone popular. Nevertheless, Adams narrowly beat Andrew Jackson to become America’s sixth President in 1825. Many of his proposals to modernize⁴ America were rejected in Congress by his enemies.

 

After leaving office as President in 1829, Adams was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives – the only president ever to do this. He continued to shape America’s foreign policy. Historians say he is one of America’s greatest ever diplomats⁵. He also devoted⁶ himself to attacking the power slave owners had in Congress. On February 21, 1848 Adams collapsed⁷ in the House and died two days later.

 

 

1 temperament   

n.气质，性格，性情

参考例句：

• The analysis of what kind of temperament you possess is vital.分析一下你有什么样的气质是十分重要的。
• Success often depends on temperament.成功常常取决于一个人的性格。

2 accomplished   

adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的

参考例句：

• Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
• Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。

3 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

4 modernize   

vt.使现代化，使适应现代的需要

参考例句：

• It was their manifest failure to modernize the country's industries.他们使国家进行工业现代化，明显失败了。
• There is a pressing need to modernise our electoral system.我们的选举制度迫切需要现代化。

5 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 devoted   

adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

参考例句：

• He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

7 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。