名人轶事:Reverend Martin Luther King Junior(2)

By William Rogers

Broadcast: January 23, 2005

ANNCR:

People in America, a program in Special English on the Voice of America.    

(Theme)

Today, Shep O'Neal and Warren Scheer finish the story of civil right's

leader, Reverend Martin Luther King, Junior.

(THEME)

VOICE ONE:

Martin Luther King was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in nineteen twenty-nine. He

began his university studies when he was fifteen years old, and received a

doctorate¹ degree in religion. He became a preacher at a church in Montgomery,

Alabama.

In nineteen fifty-five, a black woman in Montgomery was arrested for sitting

in the white part of a city bus. Doctor King became the leader of a protest²

against the city bus system. It was the first time that black southerners had

united against the laws of racial separation.

VOICE TWO:

At first, the white citizens of Montgomery did not believe that the protest

would work. They thought most blacks would be afraid to fight against racial

separation. But the buses remained empty.

Some whites used tricks to try to end the protest.

They spread false stories about Martin Luther King and other protest leaders.

One story accused Martin of stealing money from the civil rights movement.

Another story charged that protest leaders rode in cars while other

protesters had to walk. But the tricks did not work, and the protest

continued.

VOICE ONE:

Doctor King's wife Coretta described how she and her husband felt during the

protest. She said:"We never knew what was going to happen next. We felt like

actors in a play whose ending we did not know. Yet we felt a part of history.

And we believed we were instruments of the will of God".

The white citizens blamed Doctor King for starting the protest. They thought

it would end if he was in prison or dead. Doctor King was arrested twice on

false charges. His arrests made national news and he was released³. But the

threats against his life continued.
VOICE TWO:

The Montgomery bus boycott⁴ lasted three hundred eighty-two days. Finally, the

United States Supreme⁵ Court ruled that racial separation was illegal in the

Montgomery bus system. Martin Luther King and his followers⁶ had won their

struggle. The many months of meetings and protest marches had made victory

possible.

They also gave blacks a new feeling of pride and unity⁷. They saw that

peaceful protest, Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violence, could be used as a

tool to win their legal rights.

VOICE ONE:

Life did not return to normal for Doctor King after the protest was over. He

had become well-known all over the country and throughout the world. He often

was asked to speak about his ideas on non-violence. Both black and white

Americans soon began to follow his teachings⁸. Groups were formed throughout

the south to protest peacefully against racial separation.

The civil rights movement spread so fast that a group of black churchmen

formed an organization to guide it. The organization was called the Southern

Christian⁹ Leadership Conference. Martin Luther King became its president.

In his job, Doctor King helped organize many protests¹⁰ in the southern part of

the United States. Blacks demanded to be served in areas where only whites

were permitted to eat. And they rode in trains and buses formerly¹¹ for whites

only. These protests became known as "freedom rides." Many of the freedom

rides turned violent. Black activists¹² were beaten and arrested. Some were

even killed.

1 doctorate   

n.(大学授予的)博士学位

参考例句：

• He hasn't enough credits to get his doctorate.他的学分不够取得博士学位。
• Where did she do her doctorate?她在哪里攻读博士？

2 protest   

v.反对，抗议；宣称；n.抗议；宣称

参考例句：

• I can't pass the matter by without a protest.我不能对此事视而不见，我要提出抗议。
• We translated his silence as a protest.我们把他的沉默解释为抗议。

3 released   

v.释放( release的过去式和过去分词 )；放开；发布；发行

参考例句：

• He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
• With hindsight it is easy to say they should not have released him. 事后才说他们本不应该释放他，这倒容易。

4 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

5 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

6 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

7 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

8 teachings   

n.教学( teaching的名词复数 )；教学工作；教诲；学说

参考例句：

• We must never be unworthy of our teachers' untiring and sincere teachings. 我们决不要辜负老师的谆谆教导。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The Party's teachings were ringing in her ears. 党的教导在她耳边回响。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

10 protests   

n.[体]抗议；抗议，反对( protest的名词复数 )v.声明( protest的第三人称单数 )；坚决地表示；申辩

参考例句：

• The protests have forced the government to back-pedal on the new tax. 抗议活动已迫使政府撤销新的税目。
• Plans to build a new mall were deep-sixed after protests from local residents. 修建新室内购物中心的计划由于当地居民反对而搁浅。

11 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

12 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

14 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

15 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。