NPR美国国家公共电台 NPR 2015-09-18

 The leading Republican presidential candidates will be back on the same stage for a second debate— this time in Simi Valley, California. There’ll be one addition— former CEO Carly Fiorina, the only woman seeking the GOP nomination¹. But as NPR’s Mara Liasson reports, viewers are widely expecting to tune² in to see how the candidates spar with the Donald. Tonight CNN hosts the second episode of the Donald Trump³ Show, otherwise known as the Republican presidential primary debates. Ever since Trump began rising and rising in the polls, he’s dominated news coverage⁴ of the Republican race, although recently he’s had some competition from another outsider candidate— retired⁵ neurosurgeon Ben Carson, who is now polling right behind Trump. The big question for the establishment candidates on the stage tonight, who have all seen their poll numbers drop, is whether or not to attack Trump and how. Mara Liasson, NPR News,  Washington.

After months of a diplomatic row over the Iran nuclear deal, President Obama will host Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in November. White House Spokesman Josh Earnest says the visit reinforces a strong alliance despite disagreement over the pact⁶. “The president looks forward to discussing with the prime minister regional security issues, including implementation⁷ of the Joint⁸ Comprehensive Plan of Action to peacefully and verifiably prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon.”

Israel says the pact will make Iran a bigger threat. The Obama administration argues if it offers the best chance of keeping Iran from developing a nuclear weapon.

The confrontation⁹ at the Hungary-Serbia border intensifies¹⁰ with police firing teargas and water cannons¹¹ to push back a large crowd.  With the exception of certain tightly controlled check points, migrants are blocked from traveling through Hungary to reach Germany. As a result, many are now turning to Croatia, where the government has pledged to help them, but they face the danger of old land mines from the 1991-95 war. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and the EPA are announcing America’s first food waste reduction goals. NPR’s Allison Aubrey reports this initiative will set a national target aimed at getting grocers and consumers to toss out less food.

Every year that a typical American household tosses out about $1,500 worth of food. There’s also lots of waste generated from food that never makes it to our farms and from what grocery stores and restaurants toss away. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack says now is the time to take action.

“133  billion pounds of food is wasted every year by Americans and it basically ends up for the most part in the landfills.” In landfills it creates methane¹², a greenhouse gas. So Vilsack says here is the new goal.

“Basically challenge the country to reduce food waste by 50 percent by the year 2030.”

The aim is to encourage more recycling and composting and more food donations. Allison Aubrey, NPR News. The Dow is up 140 points. This is NPR.

Amnesty International says the Nigeria-based extremist group Boko Haram has been carrying atrocities¹³ in neighboring Cameroon. Soldiers from Cameroon are part of a regional military force trying to defeat the insurgents¹⁴. NPR’s Ofeibea Quist-Arcton says the watchdog’s new report also details alleged¹⁵ abuse by Cameroon security forces. Amnesty International says Boko Haram has killed nearly 400 civilians¹⁶ and scores of soldiers in northern Cameroon in the past year. The rights watchdog says in a heavy-headed response Cameroon security forces have rounded up and detained more than 1,000 suspects including children and describes inhumane prison conditions. The report says Cameroonian security forces have targeted villages, raiding and destroying homes. Amnesty International suggests that Cameroon should learn lessons from the states made across the border in Nigeria where the security forces battling Boko Haram have long been accused of atrocities against civilians. Ofeibea Quist-Arcton, NPR News, Ankara. Oklahoma death row inmate¹⁷ Richard Glossip is getting a two-week reprieve¹⁹ from execution, which was just hours away. State appeals court has authorized²⁰ a last-minute stay for a man convicted of ordering the murder of his boss Barry Van Treese. Glossip’s attorneys say they have new evidence suggesting their client was framed. Gloss¹⁸ was due to be executed  this hour. Before the closing bell, Dow was up 140 points at 16,740. Nasdaq up 28. S&P500 also up 17 points. 

1 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

2 tune   

n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整

参考例句：

• He'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子，并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
• The boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

5 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

6 pact   

n.合同，条约，公约，协定

参考例句：

• The two opposition parties made an electoral pact.那两个反对党订了一个有关选举的协定。
• The trade pact between those two countries came to an end.那两国的通商协定宣告结束。

7 implementation   

n.实施，贯彻

参考例句：

• Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

8 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

9 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

10 intensifies   

n.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的名词复数 )v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• A clear atmosphere intensifies the blue of the sky. 纯净的空气使天空变得更蓝。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Blowing on fire intensifies the heat. 吹火使热度加强。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 cannons   

n.加农炮，大炮，火炮( cannon的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Cannons bombarded enemy lines. 大炮轰击了敌军阵地。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• One company had been furnished with six cannons. 某连队装备了六门大炮。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 methane   

n.甲烷，沼气

参考例句：

• The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
• Methane may have extraterrestrial significance.甲烷具有星际意义。

13 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

14 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

15 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

16 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

17 inmate   

n.被收容者；(房屋等的)居住人；住院人

参考例句：

• I am an inmate of that hospital.我住在那家医院。
• The prisoner is his inmate.那个囚犯和他同住一起。

18 gloss   

n.光泽，光滑；虚饰；注释；vt.加光泽于；掩饰

参考例句：

• John tried in vain to gloss over his faults.约翰极力想掩饰自己的缺点，但是没有用。
• She rubbed up the silver plates to a high gloss.她把银盘擦得很亮。

19 reprieve   

n.暂缓执行（死刑）；v.缓期执行；给…带来缓解

参考例句：

• He was saved from the gallows by a lastminute reprieve.最后一刻的缓刑令把他从绞架上解救了下来。
• The railway line, due for closure, has been granted a six-month reprieve.本应停运的铁路线获准多运行6 个月。

20 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。