美国国家公共电台 NPR Even As Levels Improve, Flint Residents Choose Bottled Water Over Tap

 

AUDIE CORNISH, HOST: 

Today marks exactly one year since the mayor of Flint, Mich., declared a state of emergency because of lead in the city's drinking water. While the water system as a whole is improving, Michigan Radio's Lindsey Smith reports filters and bottled water are likely to remain the way of life in Flint for the foreseeable future.

LINDSEY SMITH, BYLINE¹: This didn't begin a year ago. For almost two years, officials told residents the water was fine when it wasn't. Later they said drink filtered water unless you're a baby or pregnant. In that case, drink only bottled water. Then officials said tap water is safe for everybody as long as you have a filter. But now lots of people in Flint don't believe anything officials tell them.

JENNICE BADON: Don't drink the city water. Don't drink Flint water, period.

SMITH: Jennice Badon ducks out into the snow outside the South End Market. It's on the end of a strip mall near downtown Flint. Officials may say Flint's water is safe if filtered, but Badon uses bottled water for nearly everything. There's only three things she uses tap water for - dishes, laundry and to take a really, really quick shower.

BADON: You've got to be in there, like, maybe five minutes or something like that. If not, your body be all scaly², and you know, you'll be itching³ and scratching. And you know what? I'm going home and put a perm in my hair in a few minutes 'cause it's looking rough, right? I've got to use bottled water.

SMITH: In Flint, it's bottled water even for the perm. That's how high the mistrust level is. At some point, Badon hopes to be able to use her tap water again. And that hope and question - when will the water be normal in Flint again? - is one that researchers at Virginia Tech have been studying.

Professor Marc Edwards has become a household name in Flint. He helped uncover the tainted⁴ drinking water, and he's continued to test water at hundreds of homes. And to be completely clear, no level of lead is considered safe. But the U.S. EPA sets levels for water systems as a whole. Edwards says his data and a separate set from the state show that technically⁵ Flint's water may already be considered safe to drink by existing regulations. But...

MARC EDWARDS: It's very likely in Flint folks will never be told the water is safe as long as those lead pipes are there.

SMITH: Those lead pipes are a big contributor to Flint's water crisis. They connect people's homes to the water main. And in Flint, there's an estimated 30,000 of them left underground. This year, Flint has replaced only 2 percent of those water service lines - 2 percent.

EDWARDS: As long as those lead pipes are there, that's a hazard in front of your house that any time could cause lead poisoning of yourself and of your family.

SMITH: Marc Edwards says data is starting to show that anyone with a lead service line, even people outside of Flint, are potentially at risk. Early next month, Edwards will join officials from all levels of government at an EPA summit in Chicago to make an official determination. If Flint's water is declared technically safe to drink, officials may still recommend using lead filters there, especially until the lead service lines are all replaced. That will take years.

But any declaration of safety will face resistance from some Flint residents who doubt their water will ever be normal again. Resident-turned-activist Melissa Mays held a conference call this week to call into question the data showing the water is improving.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

MELISSA MAYS: Everybody is upset. We're - you really - we just really need you to tell the truth and that we're not better; we're not safe. And I know we may sound crazy, and we may sound emotional, but this is our lives.

SMITH: Mays says testing a small percentage of high-risk homes as outlined in the federal regulations is just not going to make her feel OK about Flint's water. She won't rest until every single home in Flint is tested. All Flint residents can still get their water tested for free, but only a third of households have done so. For now, residents are supposed to rely on filters, though many are spending lots of time retrieving⁶ bottles of water for their everyday use. For NPR News, I'm Lindsey Smith.

1 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

2 scaly   

adj.鱼鳞状的；干燥粗糙的

参考例句：

• Reptiles possess a scaly,dry skin.爬行类具有覆盖着鳞片的干燥皮肤。
• The iron pipe is scaly with rust.铁管子因为生锈一片片剥落了。

3 itching   

adj.贪得的，痒的，渴望的v.发痒( itch的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The itching was almost more than he could stand. 他痒得几乎忍不住了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• My nose is itching. 我的鼻子发痒。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 tainted   

adj.腐坏的；污染的；沾污的；感染的v.使变质( taint的过去式和过去分词 )；使污染；败坏；被污染，腐坏，败坏

参考例句：

• The administration was tainted with scandal. 丑闻使得政府声名狼藉。
• He was considered tainted by association with the corrupt regime. 他因与腐败政府有牵连而名誉受损。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 technically   

adv.专门地，技术上地

参考例句：

• Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
• The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。

6 retrieving   

n.检索（过程），取还v.取回( retrieve的现在分词 )；恢复；寻回；检索（储存的信息）

参考例句：

• Ignoring all, he searches the ground carefully for any cigarette-end worth retrieving. 没管打锣的说了什么，他留神的在地上找，看有没有值得拾起来的烟头儿。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子
• Retrieving the nodules from these great depths is no easy task. 从这样的海底深渊中取回结核可不是容易的事情。 来自辞典例句