美国国家公共电台 NPR From Family Snapshots To NASA Photos, Archivists Aim To Solve Preservation Puzzles

 

ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

What do old photographs and NASA images of the moon have in common? They are in danger of disappearing because the technology used to create them is obsolete¹. We're going to hear now about a project in Idaho that is giving moments captured on film a second life. Matt Guilhem of Boise State Public Radio has the story.

MATT GUILHEM, BYLINE²: In his basement darkroom, Levi Bettwieser deftly³ unspools, cuts and winds film into canisters.

(SOUNDBITE OF LIQUID POURING)

GUILHEM: Then Bettwieser rinses⁴ it in several chemicals. A few more minutes pass.

LEVI BETTWIESER: So we're at the last part of the developing process. So now we can actually open up the tank and see if this film has any images on it for the first time.

GUILHEM: He takes it out and holds it up to the light.

BETTWIESER: It looks like there's a helicopter, a bunch of people on a beach, boats. Just looks like a day at the beach.

GUILHEM: Bettwieser didn't take these pictures, and he doesn't work for a developing lab. His mom was a photographer, and cameras have always been a part of his life. When he started looking for old ones in thrift⁵ stores around Boise, he was surprised to find some still had film in them.

BETTWIESER: I figured all the cameras had been opened and all the film was destroyed or it was too old.

GUILHEM: He tried to develop them anyway.

BETTWIESER: All the images from those rolls were - they weren't anything significant, really. They were birthday parties and vacations. But I realized that those were important moments for people. And so I figured, you know what? I need to start finding more rolls of film to process because there's more memories out there.

GUILHEM: He scours⁶ estate sales and vintage shops, and some of the rolls go all the way back to the 1930s. He started posting the photos he developed online and called it The Rescued Film Project. On his page, he explained his mission - to reunite film owners with their photos. It seemed to resonate.

BETTWIESER: People started sending me rolls of film. And I went from, you know, finding a roll of film here and there in thrift stores in the valley to a package showing up on my door every day with rolls of film in it.

GUILHEM: Bettwieser spends his days as a videographer. But nights, early mornings and weekends are dedicated⁷ to The Rescued Film Project.

BETTWIESER: And when I pull that film out of the tank for the very first time, I'm the very first person who has ever seen that. And that is still what drives me to this day and kind of keeps me going.

GUILHEM: Somebody may have taken the roll decades ago, and for years the memory remained locked away. Then Bettwieser comes along, not only developing it, but chronicling it in a digital archive. In his own way, he's doing what most of us do every day without realizing it.

DENNIS WINGO: Just think about it. Your Facebook, for example, or your Twitter feed - you are creating a daily archive of your life.

GUILHEM: This is Dennis Wingo, an engineering scientist and researcher who's worked with NASA.

WINGO: It's an archive of your thoughts. It's an archive of the interactions with your friends. That has value not only to you, but to your children, your grandchildren and your family 500 years from now.

GUILHEM: About 10 years ago, Wingo undertook his own version of rescued film. His was called the Lunar Orbiter Image Recovery Project. The goal was to resurrect high-resolution pictures of the moon taken by the orbiter in the mid-1960s. But Wingo had to unlock the images, which were stored on magnetic tapes. In order to see them, he had to find the somewhat archaic⁸ tape readers from the era.

WINGO: Somewhat archaic is being generous. These machines had not been used since probably Gerald Ford⁹ was president.

GUILHEM: After a global search, Wingo and his team located what seemed to be the last four machines in existence and extracted the images, which are now part of NASA's archive and posted online. But he's keenly aware this isn't the last time someone like him will have to tackle a job like this.

WINGO: Ten or fifteen years ago, there were several companies that had advertisements - here is a DVD that will last a hundred years. Well, they never thought to include in there, here's a DVD player that will last a hundred years and still be compatible with Apple OS X version 38.9, which won't exist for another 50 years.

GUILHEM: Dennis Wingo saved images of the moon that helped the Apollo missions. The Rescued Film Project is saving photos of bygone Christmases. Levi Bettwieser thinks both add something to history.

BETTWIESER: I love the idea of taking what are these simple moments and putting them on a platform for people to view so that we can have these shared experiences. It makes us all realize that we all kind of do the same things and we are similar as human beings.

GUILHEM: But when computers are eventually rendered obsolete, will anyone want to save all this data again in a new form? Should hard drives be the next magnetic tapes? It could be a challenge keeping the past present. For NPR News, I'm Matt Guilhem in Boise.

(SOUNDBITE OF DE LA SOUL SONG, "EXODUS")

1 obsolete   

adj.已废弃的，过时的

参考例句：

• These goods are obsolete and will not fetch much on the market.这些货品过时了，在市场上卖不了高价。
• They tried to hammer obsolete ideas into the young people's heads.他们竭力把陈旧思想灌输给青年。

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 deftly   

adv.灵巧地，熟练地，敏捷地

参考例句：

• He deftly folded the typed sheets and replaced them in the envelope. 他灵巧地将打有字的纸折好重新放回信封。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• At last he had a clew to her interest, and followed it deftly. 这一下终于让他发现了她的兴趣所在，于是他熟练地继续谈这个话题。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

4 rinses   

v.漂洗( rinse的第三人称单数 )；冲洗；用清水漂洗掉（肥皂泡等）；（用清水）冲掉

参考例句：

• This soap rinses easily. 这肥皂容易漂清。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Another method of process change is to substitute standing baths and rinses for running ones. 工艺过程改变的另一方法是用固定式的浴槽和漂洗代替连续式的。 来自辞典例句

5 thrift   

adj.节约，节俭；n.节俭，节约

参考例句：

• He has the virtues of thrift and hard work.他具备节俭和勤奋的美德。
• His thrift and industry speak well for his future.他的节俭和勤勉预示着他美好的未来。

6 scours   

走遍（某地）搜寻（人或物）( scour的第三人称单数 )； （用力）刷； 擦净； 擦亮

参考例句：

• The roasting pan scours better than pot. 烤盘比锅容易擦干净。
• The best scours for UF membrane washing were 0.1%NaOH and 0.5%U10 solution consecutively washing. 0.1%NaOH 和0.5%U10溶液是理想的超滤膜清洗剂。

7 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

8 archaic   

adj.(语言、词汇等)古代的，已不通用的

参考例句：

• The company does some things in archaic ways,such as not using computers for bookkeeping.这个公司有些做法陈旧，如记账不使用电脑。
• Shaanxi is one of the Chinese archaic civilized origins which has a long history.陕西省是中国古代文明发祥之一，有悠久的历史。

9 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。