美国国家公共电台 NPR 叛国罪名成立 巴基斯坦前总统穆沙拉夫被判处死刑

In Pakistan, a country long dominated by its armed forces, a military dictator has been sentenced to death for high treason for suspending the Constitution. But the government says the special court that sentenced the country's former president General Pervez Musharraf is void. NPR's Diaa Hadid has more from Lahore.

DIAA HADID, BYLINE¹: The verdict was unheard of in Pakistan and, for many, unimaginable in a country where four military generals had ruled the country for nearly half of its 70 years. Omar Waraich is an analyst² and deputy director of South Asia for Amnesty International. We spoke³ by phone.

OMAR WARAICH: It's actually a huge, huge deal. The idea of anyone senior in the armed forces, let alone a former military ruler, being held accountable in this way is unprecedented⁴.

巴基斯坦前总统穆沙拉夫被判死刑.jpeg

HADID: The punishment isn't likely to be carried out. Musharraf was tried in absentia because he now lives in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. He resigned from power in 2008, a year after he suspended the Constitution and imposed a state of emergency.

Since then, Pakistan's been ruled by civilians⁵, but the army is still considered the country's most powerful institution, and it's quite close to the current government led by Prime Minister Imran Khan. In fact, the attorney general told local media that he thinks a special court doesn't have legitimacy⁶. It was created at the instigation of the government that was in power in 2013. The attorney general's statement echoes the military spokesman who tweeted that due legal process was ignored.

This is Ammara Durrani, a political analyst.

AMMARA DURRANI: In that context, for the judiciary to take a very bold stance is huge because despite ostensible⁷ strengthening of democracy, the army is perceived as a sacred cow.

HADID: With the army and government on one side, the judiciary is pushing back. That's a role it stepped into in the past few years as it tries to demonstrate it's independent of both. This is Waraich, the analyst, again. You can hear the tick-tock of his car indicator⁸ in the background.

WARAICH: You could see the judiciary saying, no one is above the law; we will hold the powerful accountable.

HADID: He says the judiciary isn't going to take orders, and that's a challenge to those who've always seen the military as beyond account.

Diaa Hadid, NPR News, Lahore.

在巴基斯坦这个长期被武装部队统治的国家，一名军事独裁者因中止宪法构成叛国罪而被判死刑。但是巴基斯坦政府表示，判决该国前总统佩尔韦兹·穆沙拉夫将军的特别法庭无效。NPR新闻的迪亚·哈迪德将从拉合尔带来详细报道。

迪亚·哈迪德连线：这是巴基斯坦闻所未闻的判决，而且对许多人来说，在这个由四名军事将领统治了近35年的国家，这一判决简直令人难以置信。奥马尔·瓦莱奇是分析师兼国际特赦组织南亚分部的副主任。我们通过电话进行了交谈。

奥马尔·瓦莱奇：这确实是件大事。武装部队的任何高级将领以这种方式被问责都是史无前例的情况，更不用说前军事统治者了。

哈迪德：判决不太可能执行。穆沙拉夫缺席了审判，因为他现在生活在阿联酋迪拜。他在2008年辞职，前一年他中止了宪法并宣布国家进入紧急状态。

自那之后，巴基斯坦一直由文官治理，但军方仍被看作该国最有权势的机构，而且军方与总理伊姆兰·汗领导的现任政府的关系相当密切。事实上，总检察长对当地媒体表示，他认为特别法庭不具合法性。特别法庭在2013年执政的那届政府的授意下成立。总检察长的声明呼应了军方发言人的回应，该发言人在推特上表示，正当法律程序被忽略了。

下面是政治分析师阿玛拉·杜兰尼所说。

阿玛拉·杜兰尼：在这种情况下，司法机构采取非常大胆的态度非常重要，因为虽然军方表面上在增强民主，但实际上军方被视为不可侵犯。

哈迪德：现在军方和政府站在一边，司法机构开始反击。这是该机构过去几年所担任的角色，以试图表明他们既独立于军方又独立于政府。下面再来听听分析师瓦莱奇的看法。大家在背景音中可以听到他汽车指示声的滴答声。

瓦莱奇：大家可以看到，司法机构的意思是，没有人能凌驾于法律之上；我们将让有权势者承担责任。

哈迪德：他说，司法机构不会听从命令，这对那些一直认为军方不可理喻的人来说是个挑战。

NPR新闻，迪亚·哈迪德拉合尔报道。

1 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

2 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

3 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

4 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

5 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

6 legitimacy   

n.合法，正当

参考例句：

• The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
• Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。

7 ostensible   

adj.(指理由)表面的，假装的

参考例句：

• The ostensible reason wasn't the real reason.表面上的理由并不是真正的理由。
• He resigned secretaryship on the ostensible ground of health.他借口身体不好，辞去书记的职务。

8 indicator   

n.指标；指示物，指示者；指示器

参考例句：

• Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
• His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。