NPR边听边练110:美联储公布半年报告

 　　主餐一道：泛听练习

　　以下段落是摘自新闻里的一些重要信息,并不是一个段落的听写。空内信息可在本新闻中全部找到,大家可以根据这些信息复述新闻。

　　一、泛听建议：

　　1、完整听一遍，掌握大意。

　　2、继续听，特别注意关键信息。遇到相似的词，写下来。

　　3、复述新闻。

　　From NPR News in Washington, I'm Lakshmi Singh.

　　这里是华盛顿NPR新闻，我是拉克什米·辛格。

　　Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke says the sharp government spending cuts _1_ take effect Friday will create a significant headwind for the economic recovery. Bernanke has delivered the Fed semi-annual report to the Senate Banking¹ Committee. NPR's Craig Windham says Bernanke is defending the Fed's bond-buying program, which _2_ at keeping borrowing costs low.

　　美联储主席本·伯南克表示，将于周五生效的政府大幅减支计划将对经济复苏造成重大冲击。伯南克在参议院银行委员会就美联储半年度报告作证。据NPR新闻的克雷格·温德姆报道，伯南克为美联储的债券购买计划进行了辩护，该计划旨在保持低借贷成本。

　　The Fed is buying about 85 billion dollars in treasury² and mortgage back securities a month. Bernanke says that has been good for the economy.

　　美联储每月购买约850亿美元的公债和抵押贷款支持债券。伯南克表示，这样的做法有利于经济发展。

　　"Notably³, keeping longer term interest rate slow has helped spark recovery in the _3_ market and led to increase sales and production of automobiles⁴ and other durable⁵ goods."

　　“推低长期借款利率已对住房市场起到了显著的扶持作用，并增加了汽车和耐用品的销量和产量。”

　　Bernanke says while the Fed _4_ stimulate⁶ the economy, the upcoming across-the-board spending cuts known as the sequester⁷ would have the opposite effect, restraining growth. He says there’s a better way to bring down the deficit⁸.

　　伯南克表示，虽然美联储努力刺激经济，但是即将到来的全面自动减支计划将对经济产生负面影响，制约经济发展。他说，有更好的方法削减赤字。

　　"I think an appropriate balance would be to introduce these cuts more _5_ and to compensate⁹ with larger and more sustained cuts in the longer run to address our long-run fiscal¹⁰ issues."

　　“我认为应采取适度平衡的方法，减支计划应逐步进行，在长期运行中进行大幅、持续的减支计划，以解决美国长期的财政问题。”

　　Craig Windham, NPR News, Washington.

　　NPR新闻，克雷格·温德姆华盛顿报道。

　　词汇解析：

　　1. bring down 降（价）；把（某物，某人）抬下（楼、山）；使（某物或某人）掉下[倒下]；击败…

　　eg. hat pace would bring down the unemployment rate by less than half a percentage point over the course of a year.

　　这样的速度在一年的时间里只能将失业率降低不到半个百分点。

　　eg. Military historians may never know what brought down the jet.

　　军事史学家们可能永远也不会知道是什么击落了这架喷气式飞机。

　　eg. They were threatening to bring down the government by withdrawing from the ruling coalition¹¹...

　　他们威胁要退出执政联盟，让政府垮台。

　　2、compensate. 补偿，赔偿；抵消 vt. 补偿，赔偿；付报酬

　　eg:The damages are designed to compensate victims for their direct losses.

　　该赔偿金是用来补偿受害人的直接损失的。

　　eg:Senators say it is crucial that a mechanism¹² is found to compensate for inflation.

　　参议员们说找到抵消通货膨胀的机制是至关重要的。

　　参考答案：

　　1、set to 2、is aimed 3、housing

　　4、is trying to 5、gradually

1 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

2 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

3 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。

4 automobiles   

n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• When automobiles become popular,the use of the horse and buggy passed away. 汽车普及后，就不再使用马和马车了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Automobiles speed in an endless stream along the boulevard. 宽阔的林荫道上，汽车川流不息。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 durable   

adj.持久的，耐久的

参考例句：

• This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。
• They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。

6 stimulate   

vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋

参考例句：

• Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
• Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。

7 sequester   

vt.使退隐，使隔绝

参考例句：

• Everything he owned was sequestered.他的所有财产都被扣押了。
• This jury is expected to be sequestered for at least two months.预计这个陪审团将至少被隔离两个月。

8 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

9 compensate   

vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消

参考例句：

• She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
• Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。

10 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

11 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

12 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。