纽约时报 博尔顿对抗伊朗的要求引五角大楼惊慌(3)

Mr. Bolton does not want to hear opposing views, these officials said,

这些官员说，博尔顿不仅不想听取反面意见，

abhors¹ leaks and wants to control everything that flows to the president.

对泄密行为深恶痛绝，还想控制通向总统的一切信息。

But the result is that there is not much consideration of options and, more important, the risk of escalation², according to these people.

但他最终并没有对他的那些选项，以及更重要的，局势升级的风险予以充分的考虑，据这些官员说。

The Pentagon declined to comment on Mr. Bolton’s request for military options,

五角大楼拒绝就博尔顿提出的军事行动请求置评，

saying in a statement, “The Department of Defense³ is a planning organization and provides the president military options for a variety of threats;

并在一份声明中指出，“国防部是一个统筹安排，为总统提供针对各种威胁的军事选项；

routinely reviewing and updating plans and activities to deal with a host of threats,

并为应对一系列的威胁，包括来自伊朗的威胁，

including those posed by Iran, to deter⁴ and, if necessary, to respond to aggression⁵.”

定期反思，定期更新安排和行动，震慑挑衅行为，并在必要时应对挑衅行为的机构。”

A senior administration official said the United States would continue to pursue the withdrawal⁶ of Iranian-backed forces from Syria and a political solution in that country.

奥巴马政府的一名高级官员说，美国将继续为促进伊朗支持的部队从叙利亚撤军，寻求从政治上解决叙利亚问题而努力。

He said the United States was leaving a contingent⁷ of American troops at the Al Tanf base in south-central Syria,

他说，美国会继续留一小部分军队在叙利亚中南部的阿尔坦夫基地，

as a deterrent⁸ to Iranian movements in that region.

好叫伊朗不敢在该地区轻举妄动。

The past few days have been turbulent for Mr. Bolton.

对博尔顿来说，过去的这几天非常不平静。

He traveled to Turkey to present a list of conditions for the Syria withdrawal,

期间，他去了土耳其，向土方提出了美方从叙利亚撤军的一系列条件，

including a pledge by the Turks not to attack America’s Kurdish allies in Syria.

比如，土耳其要承诺不再攻击美国在叙利亚的库尔德盟友。

President Recep Tayyip Erdogan rejected that demand and refused to see Mr. Bolton.

土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安拒绝了这一要求，还拒绝与博尔顿会面。

On Sunday, Mr. Trump⁹ backed up his national security adviser¹⁰,

周日，特朗普在推特上发声援助他的国家安全顾问，

declaring on Twitter that the United States would “devastate Turkey economically if they hit Kurds.”

宣称，“土耳其要敢袭击库尔德人，美国就将从经济上摧毁他们”。

With Mr. Pompeo overseeing the nuclear negotiations¹¹ with North Korea and taking a prominent role on China policy,

就在庞培负责监督与朝鲜的核谈判，还在对中政策上发挥了重要的作用之时，

Mr. Bolton has made Iran the heart of his focus as national security adviser.

作为国家安全顾问的博尔顿则把伊朗问题作为了他关注的焦点。

He scored an early victory when Mr. Trump withdrew from the nuclear deal negotiated by his predecessor¹², Barack Obama.

特朗普退出其前任贝拉克·奥巴马谈判达成的核协议时，博尔顿就取得了初步的胜利。

Mr. McMaster, backed by Mr. Mattis and former Secretary of State Rex W. Tillerson,

尽管在马蒂斯和前国务卿雷克斯·W·蒂勒森的支持下，

had talked Mr. Trump out of withdrawing from the deal on multiple occasions.

麦克马斯特曾多次劝说特朗普不要退出该协议。

Even Mr. Pompeo tried to salvage¹³ the deal with the Europeans in the days before the president’s decision.

就连庞培都在总统做出决定的前几天尝试挽救美国与欧洲的这一协议。

In March 2015, when Mr. Obama was negotiating the agreement,

2015年3月奥巴马还在就该协议展开谈判时，

Mr. Bolton called for a military strike on Iran, writing in The New York Times that diplomacy¹⁴ would never prevent it from acquiring nuclear weapons.

博尔顿就在本报上撰文呼吁对伊朗进行军事打击，声称外交永远不可能阻止伊朗发展核武器。

1 abhors   

v.憎恶( abhor的第三人称单数 )；（厌恶地）回避；拒绝；淘汰

参考例句：

• For the same reason, our party abhors the deification of an individual. 因为这样，我们党也厌弃对于个人的神化。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• She abhors cruelty to animals. 她憎恶虐待动物。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

2 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

5 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

6 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

7 contingent   

adj.视条件而定的；n.一组，代表团，分遣队

参考例句：

• The contingent marched in the direction of the Western Hills.队伍朝西山的方向前进。
• Whether or not we arrive on time is contingent on the weather.我们是否按时到达要视天气情况而定。

8 deterrent   

n.阻碍物，制止物；adj.威慑的，遏制的

参考例句：

• Large fines act as a deterrent to motorists.高额罚款是对开车的人的制约。
• I put a net over my strawberries as a deterrent to the birds.我在草莓上罩了网，免得鸟歇上去。

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

10 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

11 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

12 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

13 salvage   

v.救助，营救，援救；n.救助，营救

参考例句：

• All attempts to salvage the wrecked ship failed.抢救失事船只的一切努力都失败了。
• The salvage was piled upon the pier.抢救出的财产被堆放在码头上。

14 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。