纽约时报 新泽西州加大对百万富翁征税力度(3)

The issue of requiring higher earners to pay more was a central theme during the Democratic presidential primary,

要求高收入者缴纳更高税额的问题是民主党总统大选初选期间的一大核心主题，

and has also emerged as an issue in November's election.

也是11月大选的主要竞选话题之一。

Joseph R. Biden Jr., the Democratic nominee¹,

民主党提名人小约瑟夫·R·拜登

has proposed raising taxes on people earning more than $400,000

提议对收入超40万美元的纳税人增税，

to finance a slate² of programs, including expanded day care.

以支持包括扩大日托服务在内的一系列项目。

Mr. Trump³ has cited the proposal to reinforce his claim that Mr. Biden is a "tool" of "radical⁴ socialists⁵"

特朗普引用这项提案佐证自己的观点，即拜登是"激进社会主义者"的"工具"，

who risks taxing American business and households into bankruptcy⁶.

利用他的那些人不惜征税征到美国企业和家庭破产。

Last month, Mr. Murphy proposed giving children born into families earning less than $131,000 a $1,000 nest egg—

上个月，墨菲提议，为出生在年收入低于13.1万美元的家庭的孩子提供1000美元的储备金，

a so-called baby bond — to use when they turn 18 as a small step toward narrowing the wealth gap in New Jersey⁷.

即所谓的“婴儿债券”——供他们在年满18岁时使用，借此迈出缩小新泽西州贫富差距的一小步。

That proposal, which would cost about $80 million a year,

这项提议，年投入约8000万美元，

has failed to gain traction⁸ during negotiations⁹ over the state budget, which is due Oct. 1.

未能在将于10月1日到期的州预算谈判中获得支持。

In New Jersey, the millionaires tax was an initiative the Democrat-led legislature

在新泽西州，百万富翁税是民主党领导的立法机构

had symbolically¹⁰ approved for years before Mr. Murphy took office in 2018,

早在墨菲2018年上任的多年前就已象征性地批准的一项倡议，

knowing that it would never be signed into law by Chris Christie, then the Republican governor.

因为他们知道，该提案绝不会被当时的共和党州长克里斯·克里斯蒂签署为法律。

But Mr. Murphy, a self-avowed progressive who arrived in Trenton with few legislative¹¹ allies,

但墨菲，这位自称进步派，来到特伦顿时在立法界几乎没有任何盟友的新泽西州长，

had(has) been unable to win support for a millionaires tax from fellow Democrats¹² who control the Legislature —

一直未能赢得控制立法机构的民主党同僚对百万富翁税的支持，

the powerful Senate president, Stephen M. Sweeney, a political rival, or the Assembly leader, Craig (J.) Coughlin.

强大的新泽西参议院主席、墨菲的政治对手斯蒂芬·M·斯威尼，议会领袖克雷格·J·考夫林就是其中之一。

Until now.

直到现在。

Facing a fiscal¹³ crisis brought on by the urgent health needs of the pandemic and the monthslong shutdown of businesses,

鉴于大流行带来了诸多紧急医疗需求，致使企业一连关闭数月，导致新泽西州陷入了一场财政危机，

lawmakers agreed to raise the tax rate on earnings¹⁴ over $1 million to 10.75 percent, up from 8.97 percent.

该州议员已经同意将百万美元以上收入的税率从8.97%提高到10.75%。

Individuals earning more than $5 million were already taxed at the higher rate.

收入超500万美元的个人则已经被征收了更高的税率。

More than 1.5 million residents have filed for unemployment benefits

超150万居民提交了失业救济金申请，

since Mr. Murphy implemented¹⁵ a lockdown to help stop the spread of the virus,

自墨菲推出封锁政策，企图借此阻止病毒传播以来，

which has led to the deaths of more than 16,000 New Jersey residents.

该病毒已致使1.6万多名新泽西居民死亡。

The agreement is also a tacit acknowledgment of(by) Mr. Murphy's approval ratings,

这份协议也是对墨菲支持率的默许，

which were 67 percent in a June poll by Fairleigh Dickinson University based on a generally positive view of his handling of the pandemic.

费尔利·迪金森大学6月份的一项民意调查显示，基于对墨菲处理疫情的总体正面看法，他的支持率达到了67%。

Hetty Rosenstein, an ally of Mr. Murphy

海蒂·罗森斯坦，墨菲的一位盟友，

and the state director for the Communications Workers of America, a major public-sector union,

同时也是大型公共部门工会美国通讯工人协会的州主任，

applauded the new tax as a "progressive approach to raising revenue and funding services."

对新税予以了肯定，称其是"颇为进步的增加收入，资助服务的举措"。

1 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

2 slate   

n.板岩，石板，石片，石板色，候选人名单；adj.暗蓝灰色的，含板岩的；vt.用石板覆盖，痛打，提名，预订

参考例句：

• The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
• What kind of job uses stained wood and slate? 什么工作会接触木头污浊和石板呢？

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

5 socialists   

社会主义者( socialist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The socialists saw themselves as true heirs of the Enlightenment. 社会主义者认为自己是启蒙运动的真正继承者。
• The Socialists junked dogma when they came to office in 1982. 社会党人1982年上台执政后，就把其政治信条弃之不顾。

6 bankruptcy   

n.破产；无偿付能力

参考例句：

• You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产，就必须节省开支。
• His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。

7 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

8 traction   

n.牵引；附着摩擦力

参考例句：

• I'll show you how the traction is applied.我会让你看如何做这种牵引。
• She's injured her back and is in traction for a month.她背部受伤，正在作一个月的牵引治疗。

9 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

10 symbolically   

ad.象征地，象征性地

参考例句：

• By wearing the ring on the third finger of the left hand, a married couple symbolically declares their eternal love for each other. 将婚戒戴在左手的第三只手指上，意味着夫妻双方象征性地宣告他们的爱情天长地久，他们定能白头偕老。
• Symbolically, he coughed to clear his throat. 周经理象征地咳一声无谓的嗽，清清嗓子。

11 legislative   

n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的

参考例句：

• Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。
• Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。

12 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

14 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

15 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句