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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
This podcast is brought to you by the American Chemical Society. The global challenges chemistry solutions podcast from ACS discusses how chemistry researchers critical in solving some of the world's most daunting1 problems, concerning energy, food and water. Go to ACS.org for more information.
This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.
Truth in advertising2 is a questionable3 concept, because it’s often self-serving to lie. Whether you’re talking about a used car salesman or a poisonous snake. No, they’re not the same thing.
In the natural world there are poisonous creatures that advertise their unpalatability with bright colors. Then there are other critters that try to protect themselves by merely mimicking4 the bright coloration of creatures that produce nasty toxins6—but without actually expending7 the energy on making the toxins themselves. These mimics8 are hoping to get by by lying about being a bad meal. But what about the beasties that really are filled with poison. Can they lie, too? Maybe save a little energy by producing a less colorful display?
Well, scientists from the U.K. say, it looks like they can’t. See, when an animal makes a toxin5, it also makes an antitoxin to keep it from poisoning itself. And those antitoxins are usually antioxidants, which also double as pigments9. So the more toxic10 a critter is, the more antioxidants it needs, and the more honestly flamboyant11 its outfit12, results published by the Royal Society on November 19th. So next time you run into a yellow-banded poison dart13 frog, remember, what you see is what you get.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.
1 daunting | |
adj.使人畏缩的 | |
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2 advertising | |
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的 | |
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3 questionable | |
adj.可疑的,有问题的 | |
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4 mimicking | |
v.(尤指为了逗乐而)模仿( mimic的现在分词 );酷似 | |
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5 toxin | |
n.毒素,毒质 | |
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6 toxins | |
n.毒素( toxin的名词复数 ) | |
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7 expending | |
v.花费( expend的现在分词 );使用(钱等)做某事;用光;耗尽 | |
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8 mimics | |
n.模仿名人言行的娱乐演员,滑稽剧演员( mimic的名词复数 );善于模仿的人或物v.(尤指为了逗乐而)模仿( mimic的第三人称单数 );酷似 | |
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9 pigments | |
n.(粉状)颜料( pigment的名词复数 );天然色素 | |
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10 toxic | |
adj.有毒的,因中毒引起的 | |
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11 flamboyant | |
adj.火焰般的,华丽的,炫耀的 | |
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12 outfit | |
n.(为特殊用途的)全套装备,全套服装 | |
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13 dart | |
v.猛冲,投掷;n.飞镖,猛冲 | |
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