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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.

Electronics come in all shapes and sizes—but there’s been a limit on their flexibility¹. Now, researchers say they’ve created electronics that can be shaped in virtually any way, including bent², stretched and even tightly coiled. They published their results in the Proceedings³ of the National Academy of Sciences.

Silicon⁴ is the principal ingredient in electronics, and it’s inflexible⁵ and brittle⁶. To overcome this constraint⁷, the researchers first developed one-dimensional, single-crystal silicon electronics, which they reported in 2005. The crystals could be stretched without losing their properties.

Then last summer they demonstrated that they could build tiny circuits that were connected by tiny metal bridges. The final product could be bent and placed over a curved surface. Most recently, the researchers modified the bridges into an S shape. The additional step takes the flexibility further—the electronics can now be twisted into curves as well. One use could be a sensor⁸ on a human body. But the scientists see applications beyond the biological—they’re trying to develop flexible solar cells. Flat cells need to move to follow the sun. But a flexible cell could always receive direct rays without constant repositioning.

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.