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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
When summer hits, I dread1 jogging outside. But a study finds that elephants can be in true danger in the heat. As creatures get bigger, they have smaller surface area to body volumn ratios. Fully-grown Asian eleplants thus pack a lot of mass into a body with a relatively2 small surface area. And surface area limits how much body heat you can dissipate. For the study, two female elephants in the Audubon zoo in New Orleans walked around a half mile track under various conditions. The outdoor temperature during the sessions ranged from a chilly3 8 degree celsius4 to a scorching5 35 degrees. Sunny hot day is where the worst. The already limited hide is now itself heated by the sun. With the equivlent of a busted6 radiator7, the elephants retained 56% to 100% of their body heat internally, which could make a mere8 four hours of exercise, fatal. The research on the elephant exertion9 is in the journal of Experimenal Biology. Fortunately, elephants have ways to beat the heat: shift activity to after-dark and, of course, go for a dip.
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1
dread
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vt.担忧,忧虑;惧怕,不敢;n.担忧,畏惧 | |
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2
relatively
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adv.比较...地,相对地 | |
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3
chilly
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adj.凉快的,寒冷的 | |
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4
Celsius
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adj.摄氏温度计的,摄氏的 | |
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5
scorching
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adj. 灼热的 | |
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6
busted
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adj. 破产了的,失败了的,被降级的,被逮捕的,被抓到的 动词bust的过去式和过去分词 | |
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7
radiator
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n.暖气片,散热器 | |
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8
mere
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adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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9
exertion
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n.尽力,努力 | |
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