时差N小时 枪支管控法案

The debate over gun control in America has been ongoing¹ and intense for many years — with proponents² seeking to reduce gun-related injuries and curtail³ criminal activity, and opponents sighting second-amendment rights and the need to defend themselves. Despite the complexities⁴ of differing opinions, sometimes there's been enough agreement for legislation to pass Congress.

在美国关于枪支管制的争论已经持续多年，且日益激烈。支持者希望以此减少枪支相关的伤害，降低犯罪率，然而反对者则着眼于第二修正法案以及防御的需要。尽管双方意见不同，情况复杂，但有时仍有足够的协议让国会通过立法。

The first major gun control act was passed by Congress in 1934, regulating the sale of fully-automatic fire arms, like machine guns, after an assassination⁵ attempt on President-elect Franklin Roosevelt and a series of organized crime killings⁶. In 1938, a further restriction⁷ required licenses⁸ for gun dealers⁹, and prohibited gun sales to people who had committed a violent felony.

在有人企图暗杀总统富兰克林·罗斯福以及一系列有组织犯罪事件之后，国会于1934年通过了第一条主要的枪械管制条令，规范了全自动武器的销售，比如机关枪。1938年，国会进一步出台限制，要求枪支经销商持照经营，并禁止向有犯罪记录的人销售枪支。

The 1963 assassination of President John Kennedy—which was committed with a mail-order rifle—and the subsequent assassinations¹⁰ of Martin Luther King and Senator Robert Kenndey in 1968, led Congress to pass additional legislation. The Gun Control Act of 1968 added many restrictions¹¹ on who could import, buy, and sell guns, and established harsher penalties for those using a gun in the commission of a federal crime. The debate on gun control remains¹² an intense one across the country today—making this a particularly difficult issue to tackle.

1963年，肯尼迪总统遭遇刺杀，而犯罪工具是一支邮购步枪，随后相继发生的马丁·路德·金和参议员罗伯特·肯尼迪遇刺事件，促使国会通过了附加法。1968年的枪械管制法案增加了很多对进口和买卖枪支的限制，并且针对那些使用枪支触犯联邦法律的行为采取了更为严厉的处罚措施。如今枪支管控在整个国家仍是热议的话题——这让枪支管控变成尤为棘手的问题。

1 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

2 proponents   

n.（某事业、理论等的）支持者，拥护者( proponent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Reviewing courts were among the most active proponents of hybrid rulemaking procedures. 复审法院是最积极的混合型规则制定程序的建议者。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• Proponents of such opinions were arrested as 'traitors. ' 提倡这种主张的人马上作为“卖国贼”逮捕起来。 来自辞典例句

3 curtail   

vt.截短，缩短；削减

参考例句：

• The government hopes to curtail public spending.政府希望缩减公共事业开支。
• The minister had to curtail his visit.部长不得不缩短访问日期。

4 complexities   

复杂性(complexity的名词复数)； 复杂的事物

参考例句：

• The complexities of life bothered him. 生活的复杂使他困惑。
• The complexities of life bothered me. 生活的杂乱事儿使我心烦。

5 assassination   

n.暗杀；暗杀事件

参考例句：

• The assassination of the president brought matters to a head.总统遭暗杀使事态到了严重关头。
• Lincoln's assassination in 1865 shocked the whole nation.1865年，林肯遇刺事件震惊全美国。

6 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

7 restriction   

n.限制，约束

参考例句：

• The park is open to the public without restriction.这个公园对公众开放，没有任何限制。
• The 30 mph speed restriction applies in all built-up areas.每小时限速30英里适用于所有建筑物聚集区。

8 licenses   

n.执照( license的名词复数 )v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Drivers have ten days' grace to renew their licenses. 驾驶员更换执照有10天的宽限期。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Jewish firms couldn't get import or export licenses or raw materials. 犹太人的企业得不到进出口许可证或原料。 来自辞典例句

9 dealers   

n.商人( dealer的名词复数 )；贩毒者；毒品贩子；发牌者

参考例句：

• There was fast bidding between private collectors and dealers. 私人收藏家和交易商急速竞相喊价。
• The police were corrupt and were operating in collusion with the drug dealers. 警察腐败，与那伙毒品贩子内外勾结。

10 assassinations   

n.暗杀( assassination的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Most anarchist assassinations were bungled because of haste or spontaneity, in his view. 在他看来，无政府主义者搞的许多刺杀都没成功就是因为匆忙和自发行动。 来自辞典例句
• Assassinations by Israelis of alleged terrorists habitually kill nearby women and children. 在以色列，自称恐怖分子的炸弹自杀者杀害靠近自己的以色列妇女和儿童。 来自互联网

11 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

12 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。