英语 英语 日语 日语 韩语 韩语 法语 法语 德语 德语 西班牙语 西班牙语 意大利语 意大利语 阿拉伯语 阿拉伯语 葡萄牙语 葡萄牙语 越南语 越南语 俄语 俄语 芬兰语 芬兰语 泰语 泰语 泰语 丹麦语 泰语 对外汉语

时差N小时 失去知觉之后

时间:2021-08-26 10:00来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
特别声明:本栏目内容均从网络收集或者网友提供,供仅参考试用,我们无法保证内容完整和正确。如果资料损害了您的权益,请与站长联系,我们将及时删除并致以歉意。
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

If you've ever had major surgery, you probably remember lying down and waking up-but nothing in between.

如果你曾经做过重大手术,那么你肯定只记得躺下去和醒来这么2个动作,而其间过程是浑然不知的。

Thanks to the anesthesiologist, during the actual surgery you were out of it: immobilized and insensitive to pain.

多亏了麻醉师,你才能在手术中无知觉地度过:不能动弹,也感觉不到疼痛。

But until recently scientists had little understanding of how anesthetics actually work on the cellular2 level.

但是直到最近科学家们才多少了解到麻醉药是如何在细胞层面上工作的。

That's changed thanks to recent experiments performed by researchers at the University of Zurich, in Switzerland.

还得感谢瑞士苏黎世大学的研究员们最近做的实验,这一困惑才得以解开。

They knew that anesthetics caused pain receptors in the brain to turn off by acting3 like most drugs do:

他们弄清楚了麻药是通 过关闭大脑中的疼痛接收器才使人感觉不到疼痛,原理跟大多数药物一样:

anesthetizing drugs attach to particular sites on nerve cells and turn them off.

麻药附着在神经细胞上某个特殊位置,然后将感知功能关闭。

The question was, where on nerve cells do these drugs attach?

问题是,麻药到底附着在什么位置呢?

Nerve cell membranes4 have receptors for different kinds of chemicals produced by the brain.

神经细胞膜有多个接收器来识别大脑产生的不同类别的化学物质。

Gamma-amino butyric acid, or GABA, for example, is a chemical that shuts down nerve cells.

例如γ-氨基丁酸,或者简写为GABA,就是可以关闭神经细胞感知功能的化学物质。

The hypothesis was that general anesthesia works by binding5 to GABA receptors on a nerve cell,thereby activating6 the receptor and instructing the cell to shut down.

假设全身麻醉是将麻药和在神经细胞上的GABA接收器绑定在一起,从而激活接收器,然后再传达闭接收功能的指令关闭。

So it made sense for the Zurich researchers to focus on GABA receptors.

这样的假设就使苏黎世大学的研究员们明白,集中精力研究GABA接收器是关键所在。

To do this they worked with mice that had been genetically7 engineered to have nerve cells with GABA receptors that wouldn't respond to anesthetics.

为了证明这点,他们用基因改造过的老鼠做实验,这种老鼠身上的 GABA接收器对麻药免疫。

And sure enough, when such mice were given anesthetic1 drugs they weren't nearly as immune to pain as regular mice that had also been given pain-blocking drugs.

毫无疑问,这样的老鼠在使用了麻药后,比起正常的用了麻药的老鼠,疼痛感几乎没有降低。

Clearly, GABA receptor sites on nerve cells are part of what allows anesthetics to do their job.

显然位于神经细胞上的GABA接收器是让麻药起作用的原因之一。

While the Zurich experiment fills in only one piece of the puzzle, it is an important step towards learning how these amazing drugs work, and how to make them even better.

尽管苏黎世大学做的实验只解决了一小部分困惑,但是这对于了解这些神奇的药物如何工作的,以及怎样让它们发挥更好的效果是重要的一步。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 anesthetic 8wHz9     
n.麻醉剂,麻药;adj.麻醉的,失去知觉的
参考例句:
  • He was given a general anesthetic.他被全身麻醉。
  • He was still under the influence of the anesthetic.他仍处在麻醉状态。
2 cellular aU1yo     
adj.移动的;细胞的,由细胞组成的
参考例句:
  • She has a cellular telephone in her car.她的汽车里有一部无线通讯电话机。
  • Many people use cellular materials as sensitive elements in hygrometers.很多人用蜂窝状的材料作为测量温度的传感元件。
3 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
4 membranes 93ec26b8b1eb155ef0aeaa845da95972     
n.(动物或植物体内的)薄膜( membrane的名词复数 );隔膜;(可起防水、防风等作用的)膜状物
参考例句:
  • The waste material is placed in cells with permeable membranes. 废液置于有渗透膜的槽中。 来自辞典例句
  • The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a system of intracellular membranes. 肌浆网属于细胞内膜系统。 来自辞典例句
5 binding 2yEzWb     
有约束力的,有效的,应遵守的
参考例句:
  • The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
  • Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。
6 activating 948eea612456562bf255d3a9c59c40a3     
活动的,活性的
参考例句:
  • "I didn't say we'd got to stop activating the masses! “我并没说就此不发动! 来自子夜部分
  • Presumably both the very small size and activating influence of fluorine atoms contribute to this exception. 这大概是由于氟原子半径小和活性高这两个原因的影响,氟原子对这种例外做出了贡献。
7 genetically Lgixo     
adv.遗传上
参考例句:
  • All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
  • Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物
本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎点击提交分享给大家。
------分隔线----------------------------
TAG标签:   时差N小时
顶一下
(0)
0%
踩一下
(0)
0%
最新评论 查看所有评论
发表评论 查看所有评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:
听力搜索
推荐频道
论坛新贴