时差N小时 解决蛀牙问题

Sorry, I'm late.I was brushing my teeth.

对不起，我迟到了。我刚刚刷牙去了！

Brushing your teeth! Right before A Moment of Science?Why?

刷牙！就在节目开始前！为什么啊？

I'm trying to get rid of a cavity.

防止蛀牙啊！

Get rid of a cavity? Are you stuck with a cavity once youhave it?

防止蛀牙？你长过蛀牙吗？

It depends on how deep it is.

这就得看牙被蛀得有多深了。

Acid from bacteria in yourmouth can cause your tooth to decay.

口腔中的细菌会产生一些腐蚀牙齿的酸性物质。

First, the acid eats away the very hard outer layer of yourtooth, called the enamel¹. Inside the enamel is the dentin.

酸性物质会先腐蚀掉牙冠表层的珐琅质（也就是我们所熟知的釉质）。珐琅质所包覆的便是牙本质。

It's spongy and has nerve endings, soyour tooth might be sensitive to sweets or cold if the decay reaches there.

牙本质不如珐琅质坚硬，其中还含有很多的神经末梢。因而，如果牙本质也受到了腐蚀，牙齿对甜食或是过冷的东西就会很敏感。

But the cavity doesn't really start to hurt until it gets through the dentin to the soft pulp². That'swhen you get a toothache.

但是，要等到酸性物质通过牙本质，开始腐蚀牙髓了才会对牙齿造成本质的伤害。这个时候牙齿也就开始疼起来了。

Dentists sometimes will fill a cavity by putting in a filling while the decay is still in the enamel.

当珐琅质遭到腐蚀时，医生有的时候会采取补牙的方式进行治疗。

But decay is reversible until it reaches the dentin. If it's properly treated, the decay will stop, and the enamel will harden, although the tooth will never be perfect again.

可是，在牙本质遭到腐蚀之前，腐蚀随时都会发生。如果治疗得当，腐蚀将会停止，珐琅质也会重新变硬，美中不足的是，牙齿不会像受腐蚀前那么完美了。

So, that's why you're brushing. Can you do anything else to help get rid of a cavity?

这就是你刚刚刷牙的原因！你还有其他防蛀牙的办法吗？

Dentists can help by giving you a fluoride treatment, but you have to brush and floss regularly.

医生还可以为你做氟化物治疗（在蛀牙部位涂上高浓度的氟化物，令初期蛀坏的部分还原），但是，你必须定期洗牙，还要经常使用牙线清洁牙齿。

You might have to give up soda³ and sweets. So it's not easy–and dentists know that.

另外，什么汽水啊，甜食啊，都必须戒掉。

That's whythey sometimes fill a cavity in its early stages, before it starts to hurt.

所以说，做这个治疗并不容易—当然，医生们也是很清楚的。这也是为什么医生会在蛀牙初期的时候为病人补牙，防止酸性物质的继续腐蚀。

So, you're not stuck with tooth decay once it happens.Nope. But it's better not to let it happen in the first place.

这么说，你从来都没有长过蛀牙。当然。但是，“防患于未然”总是好的啊！

1 enamel   

n.珐琅，搪瓷，瓷釉；(牙齿的)珐琅质

参考例句：

• I chipped the enamel on my front tooth when I fell over.我跌倒时门牙的珐琅质碰碎了。
• He collected coloured enamel bowls from Yugoslavia.他藏有来自南斯拉夫的彩色搪瓷碗。

2 pulp   

n.果肉，纸浆；v.化成纸浆，除去...果肉，制成纸浆

参考例句：

• The pulp of this watermelon is too spongy.这西瓜瓤儿太肉了。
• The company manufactures pulp and paper products.这个公司制造纸浆和纸产品。

3 soda   

n.苏打水；汽水

参考例句：

• She doesn't enjoy drinking chocolate soda.她不喜欢喝巧克力汽水。
• I will freshen your drink with more soda and ice cubes.我给你的饮料重加一些苏打水和冰块。