时代周刊:疫苗接种问题重重(3)

Dr. Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute of Allergy¹ and Infectious Diseases, says that may happen soon.

美国国家过敏和传染病研究所主任安东尼·福奇博士说，这可能很快就会实现。

"I think it's premature² to make a definitive³ statement about the rollout," he says,

他说：“我认为现在就疫苗推广情况做出明确的声明还为时过早。”

noting that the holidays and the inevitable⁴ growing pains of launching a new, large-scale vaccination⁵ campaign have contributed to the low number of vaccinations⁶ to date.

他指出，假期以及发起一场新的大规模疫苗接种运动所带来的不可避免的成长痛苦，导致迄今为止疫苗接种数量较低。

"I would give it another week or two to see if we catch up and gain momentum⁷. If we do, I think we're going to be O.K. If not, then I'll say there is a problem here."

“我想再等一两个星期，看看我们能不能赶上来取得一些进展。如果能，我想我们会没事，如果不能，那么这里就有问题。”

Fauci says U.S. researchers are studying the new variants⁸ to confirm how infectious they are, and whether current vaccines¹⁰ will continue to protect against them.

福奇说，美国研究人员正在研究这些新的变异病毒以确认它们的传染性以及现有的疫苗是否能继续预防它们。

But even if the new variants do end up escaping vaccine⁹ protection, he's hopeful scientists will have a quick solution.

但即便新的变种病毒最终逃脱了疫苗的保护，他希望科学家们能尽快找到解决办法。

The mRNA tech behind Pfizer-BioNTech's and Moderna's vaccines is designed to be flexible;

辉瑞生物技术公司和Moderna公司的疫苗背后的mRNA技术设计得非常灵活，

it relies on inserting the right genetic¹¹ sequences from the viral genome, so it should be relatively¹² easy to swap¹³ out the existing sequence for one that addresses a new mutation¹⁴.

它依赖于从病毒基因组中插入正确的基因序列，因此将现有的序列替换为处理新突变的序列应该相对容易。

In the U.S., the modified shot would not have to go through the same months-long testing involving tens of thousands of participants and regulatory review that the original shot did.

在美国，改良后的疫苗无需像原来的疫苗那样经过数万名参与者长达数月的测试和监管审查，

It would require only tests involving a few dozen people.

它只需要几十人参与测试。

But even the most effective vaccine won't save any lives if it doesn't make it into people's arms, and on that, the U.S. has a long way to go.

但即使是最有效的疫苗，如果没有注射到胳膊上，那么也无法挽救任何生命。在这方面，美国还有很长的路要走。

As states move from high-priority groups like health care and frontline workers to the general public,

随着各州从医疗保健和一线工作者等优先考虑的群体转向普通公众，

they will face even bigger challenges in reaching people and addressing their questions and concerns about the vaccine.

它们将在接触群众以及解决疫苗相关问题和担忧方面面临更大的挑战。

"If we want to make sure we are really reaching everyone who needs to be vaccinated¹⁵, and not just people with good access to health care,

“如果想要确保我们能够真正惠及所有需要接种疫苗的人，而不仅仅是那些能够获得良好医疗服务的人，

that requires a lot of outreach and crafted, targeted opportunities for vaccinating¹⁶ people where they are comfortable," says Ehresmann.

那就需要提供大量的外展服务以及精心安排的、有针对性的机会，让人们能够在舒服的地方接种疫苗。”埃莱斯曼说。

"All of that targeted work requires effort and energy and, hence, more resources."

“所有这些有针对性的工作都需要付出努力和精力，因此需要更多资源。”

1 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

2 premature   

adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的

参考例句：

• It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
• The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。

3 definitive   

adj.确切的，权威性的；最后的，决定性的

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样，还没有人给出明确的答复。

4 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

5 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

6 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

8 variants   

n.变体( variant的名词复数 )；变种；变型；（词等的）变体

参考例句：

• Those variants will be preserved in the'struggle for existence". 这些变异将在“生存竞争”中被保留下来。 来自辞典例句
• Like organisms, viruses have variants, generally called strains. 与其他生物一样，病毒也有变种，一般称之为株系。 来自辞典例句

9 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

10 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

11 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

12 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

13 swap   

n.交换；vt.交换，用...作交易

参考例句：

• I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
• This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。

14 mutation   

n.变化，变异，转变

参考例句：

• People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
• So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。

15 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

16 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。