时代周刊:海地最需要的是什么?(2)

Moise's death is the culmination¹ of years of lawlessness, frustration² and hopelessness in Haiti. Call it Peak Failed State.

莫伊兹的死是海地多年来无法无天、沮丧和绝望的顶峰，就称之为“失败的巅峰状态”。

But President Biden can chart a new, richer direction for U.S.-Haiti relations, if he plays this moment constructively³.

但如果拜登总统建设性地利用这个时机，他可以为美国与海地的关系描绘一个新的、更加丰富的方向。

Calls for Biden to send in U.S. troops to broker⁴ peace between the government and the gangsters⁵ and pave the way for elections are misguided and far too shortsighted.

要求拜登派遣美国军队调停政府和黑帮之间的和平并为选举铺平道路的呼吁是被误导的，而且太短视了。

Washington has alternated between punishing Haitian leaders with cruel embargoes⁶ and humiliating Haitians with military takeovers since the country was founded almost 220 years ago.

自海地近220年前建国以来，华盛顿一直在以残酷的禁运惩罚海地领导人，以军事接管羞辱海地人。

Washington shouldn't try using U.N. peacekeepers to serve as front men and a pacifying⁷ force in Haiti either.

华盛顿也不应该试图使用联合国维和部队在海地充当前线人员和维和部队。

Haiti's criminals, both white and blue collar, spent the duration of the most recent U.N. peacekeeping mission in Haiti gorging⁸ on profits from the economic bubble created by the U.N. and, sadly enough, sending most of those profits abroad.

海地的犯罪分子，包括白领和蓝领，在联合国最近一次维和行动期间，贪婪地从联合国创造的经济泡沫中获取利润，可悲的是，他们将大部分利润转移到了国外。

It is time for Washington and other would-be friends of Haiti to try a new approach to helping⁹ Haiti develop. Focus on the economy, guys.

现在是美国和其他可能成为海地朋友的国家尝试帮助海地发展的新方法的时候了。

Every future Haitian President will be a dead man or woman walking after a year, like Moise and his predecessors¹⁰, if the economy doesn't bring tangible¹¹ improvements to Haitian lives.

关注经济，伙计们。如果经济不能给海地人民的生活带来切实的改善，未来的海地总统都将在一年后死去，就像莫伊兹和他的前任一样。

The success of Haiti's economy will enhance and protect its democracy and the careers of its politicians and policymakers.

海地经济的成功将加强和保护其民主以及其政治家和决策者的职业生涯。

After all, the most common knock against Haiti is that it's the poorest country in the very wealthy western hemisphere. But being poor in a rich neighborhood is not a sin. It's a launching pad.

毕竟，对海地最常见的批评是，它是富裕的西半球最贫穷的国家。但在富裕的社区里贫穷并不是一种罪过，而是一个发射台。

Having rich neighbors like the U.S., Canada and the Bahamas, and a successful sibling¹² like the Dominican Republic, the country Haiti shares the island of Hispaniola with, is a boon¹³ to Haiti.

拥有美国、加拿大和巴哈马群岛等富裕邻国，以及与海地共享伊斯帕尼奥拉岛的多米尼加共和国(Dominican Republic)等成功的兄弟国家，对海地来说是一件好事。

Unlike Afghanistan (No. 169) and the African nations in the bottom 40 of the U.N.'s Human Development Index—which ranks countries annually¹⁴ after measuring their citizens' average life expectancies¹⁵, years of schooling¹⁶ and gross national income, among other factors—

在联合国人类发展指数排名中(该指数每年会根据公民的平均预期寿命、受教育年限和国民总收入等因素对各国进行排名)，海地和阿富汗(第169位)和垫底40位的非洲国家不同，

Haiti (No. 170 out of 189 countries) is a mere¹⁷ two-hour fight to the 17th most developed nation in the world (the U.S.),

海地(在189个国家中排名第170位)与世界第17发达国家(美国)只差两个小时。

a good swim from the 58th (the Bahamas) and can move goods by truck to the 88th (the Dominican Republic).

从第58位(巴哈马群岛)游到第88位(多米尼加共和国)很方便，还可以用卡车把货物运到第88位(多米尼加共和国)。

1 culmination   

n.顶点；最高潮

参考例句：

• The space race reached its culmination in the first moon walk.太空竞争以第一次在月球行走而达到顶峰。
• It may truly be regarded as the culmination of classical Greek geometry.这确实可以看成是古典希腊几何的登峰造级之作。

2 frustration   

n.挫折，失败，失效，落空

参考例句：

• He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
• He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。

3 constructively   

ad.有益的，积极的

参考例句：

• Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom. 如此富有意义地利用业余时间来进行收藏，会使人怡然自得，无暇烦恼。
• The HKSAR will continue to participate constructively in these activities. 香港会继续积极参与这些活动。

4 broker   

n.中间人，经纪人；v.作为中间人来安排

参考例句：

• He baited the broker by promises of higher commissions.他答应给更高的佣金来引诱那位经纪人。
• I'm a real estate broker.我是不动产经纪人。

5 gangsters   

匪徒，歹徒( gangster的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gangsters offered him a sum equivalent to a whole year's earnings. 歹徒提出要给他一笔相当于他一年收入的钱。
• One of the gangsters was caught by the police. 歹徒之一被警察逮捕。

6 embargoes   

贸易禁运令，禁运( embargo的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Britain, France and the United States refused to lift their embargoes. 英、法和美国都拒绝取消禁运。
• Its public position is that it abides by all UN arms embargoes. 其公开立场是，他们遵守所有联合国的武器禁运命令。

7 pacifying   

使（某人）安静( pacify的现在分词 )； 息怒； 抚慰； 在（有战争的地区、国家等）实现和平

参考例句：

• The papers put the emphasis on pacifying rather than suppressing the protesters. 他们强调要安抚抗议者而不是动用武力镇压。
• Hawthorn products have the function of pacifying the stomach and spleen, and promoting digestion. 山楂制品，和中消食。

8 gorging   

v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的现在分词 )；作呕

参考例句：

• They had been gorging fruit in the forest. 他们方才一直在森林里狼吞虎咽地大嚼野果。 来自辞典例句
• He saw roses winding about the rain spout; or mulberries-birds gorging in the mulberry tree. 他会看到玫瑰花绕在水管上，或者是看到在桑树枝头上使劲啄食的小鸟。 来自辞典例句

9 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

10 predecessors   

n.前任( predecessor的名词复数 )；前辈；（被取代的）原有事物；前身

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Will new plan be any more acceptable than its predecessors? 新计划比原先的计划更能令人满意吗？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 tangible   

adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的

参考例句：

• The policy has not yet brought any tangible benefits.这项政策还没有带来任何实质性的好处。
• There is no tangible proof.没有确凿的证据。

12 sibling   

n.同胞手足(指兄、弟、姐或妹)

参考例句：

• Many of us hate living in the shadows of a more successful sibling.我们很多人都讨厌活在更为成功的手足的阴影下。
• Sibling ravalry has been common in this family.这个家里，兄弟姊妹之间的矛盾很平常。

13 boon   

n.恩赐，恩物，恩惠

参考例句：

• A car is a real boon when you live in the country.在郊外居住，有辆汽车确实极为方便。
• These machines have proved a real boon to disabled people.事实证明这些机器让残疾人受益匪浅。

14 annually   

adv.一年一次，每年

参考例句：

• Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
• They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。

15 expectancies   

期待，期望( expectancy的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Each of us came with his own expectancies. 我们每个人都有自己的希望。
• In fact, modern lifestyles are actually exacerbating the gap between male and female life expectancies. 实际上，现代生活方式确实加大了男女寿命差别的鸿沟。

16 schooling   

n.教育；正规学校教育

参考例句：

• A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。
• Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。

17 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。