世界名人简介 第142期:乔治亚·欧姬芙

 　　Georgia O'Keeffe was one of America's greatest artists. She was born in 1887 in the state of Wisconsin, one of seven children. She studied at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1905-06 and then moved to New York, where her career took off.She moved to New Mexico in 1946 and painted many famous landscapes of the scenery there.Her unique works can be viewed in galleries across the world.O'Keeffe first came to the attention of the New York art community for her large-format paintings of flower blossoms that looked like close-ups.She met well-known photographer Alfred Stieglitz, who gave O'Keeffe her first gallery show in 1916.The two married in 1924.Some of her popular works from this early period include Black Iris¹ (1926) and Oriental Poppies (1928).

　　乔治亚·欧姬芙位列最优秀的美国艺术家行列。欧姬芙1887年出生于威斯康星州，有6个兄弟姐妹。她在1905至1906年间就读于芝加哥艺术学院，随后搬到纽约，在那里她的事业开始起飞。欧姬芙在1946年搬到了新墨西哥州，在那里画了很多著名的风景画。欧姬芙独具特色的作品可以在世界各地的美术馆展出。她以一幅巨幅花朵绽放的作品首次得到纽约艺术联盟的关注，这幅作品看上去就像特写镜头一般细致。她遇到了著名的摄影师——阿尔弗雷德·史蒂格利兹，他在1916年为欧姬芙举办了第一次画展。两人在1924年结婚。欧姬芙早期的一些著名作品都成型于这时期，包括1926年的黑色鸢尾花，1928年的东方罂粟。

　　After her husband died in 1946, O'Keeffe moved to New Mexico.There, she was inspired by thelandscape to create numerous well-known paintings. Also in 1946, New York's Museum of Modern Art(MOMA) held an exhibition of her life's work – its first ever for a woman artist. O'Keeffe also won many accolades² and was given honorary degrees from various universities.In 1972, O'Keeffe's eyesight started to fail. She stopped painting in oil but continued working in pencil and charcoal³ until 1984.In 1977, President Ford⁴ presented O'Keeffe with the Presidential Medalof Freedom, the highest honor given to U.S. citizens.O'Keeffe died on March 6,1986, in SantaFe, Mexico, aged⁵ 98. She is widely recognized as the mother of American modernism.

　　欧姬芙在1946年丈夫去世后搬到了新墨西哥州。在这里，欧姬芙受到新墨西哥州风景的启发创作了大量著名的作品。1946年，纽约现代艺术博物馆(MOMA)为欧姬芙毕生的作品举办了一次画展，这是其第一次为女画家举办画展。欧姬芙获赞无数，也被许多大学授予了名誉学位。1972年，欧姬芙的视力开始减退。她停止油画创作，但她直到1984年仍一直坚持用铅笔和炭笔画画。1977年，美国总统福特授予欧姬芙总统自由勋章，这是美国市民的最高荣誉。欧姬芙1986年3月6日在墨西哥的圣达菲逝世，享年98岁。她被尊称为美国现代主义的先驱。

　　1.take off 起飞

　　例句：I routinely print them and read them while I wait in lines or for planes to take off.

　　我通常将它们打印出来，然后在排队或者等待飞机起飞时阅读它们。

　　2.come to the attention of 引起…的注意

　　例句：Collaborating⁶ over geographical⁷ and temporal distance has come to the attention ofmany luminaries⁸ in software process design.

　　跨地域和时间距离的协作已经引起了软件过程设计中许多名人的注意。

　　3. look like 看起来像

　　例句：He did not look like a evil person.

　　他看起来不像一个恶人。

　　4.recognized as 作为…

　　例句：In Christianity,though,it means the list of texts that are scripture⁹ and recognized as different from other things.

　　然而在基督教里，它是作为圣典的一系列书籍,并被认为是与其他东西不同的。

1 iris   

n.虹膜，彩虹

参考例句：

• The opening of the iris is called the pupil.虹膜的开口处叫做瞳孔。
• This incredible human eye,complete with retina and iris,can be found in the Maldives.又是在马尔代夫，有这样一只难以置信的眼睛，连视网膜和虹膜都刻画齐全了。

2 accolades   

n.（连结几行谱表的）连谱号( accolade的名词复数 )；嘉奖；（窗、门上方的）桃尖拱形线脚；册封爵士的仪式（用剑面在肩上轻拍一下）

参考例句：

• Unlike other accolades for literature which tend to value style or experimentation. 有别于其他偏重风格活实验性的文学奖项。 来自互联网
• Build your trophy room while amassing awards and accolades. 建立您的奖杯积累奖项和荣誉。 来自互联网

3 charcoal   

n.炭，木炭，生物炭

参考例句：

• We need to get some more charcoal for the barbecue.我们烧烤需要更多的碳。
• Charcoal is used to filter water.木炭是用来过滤水的。

4 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。

5 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

6 collaborating   

合作( collaborate的现在分词 )； 勾结叛国

参考例句：

• Joe is collaborating on the work with a friend. 乔正与一位朋友合作做那件工作。
• He was not only learning from but also collaborating with Joseph Thomson. 他不仅是在跟约瑟福？汤姆逊学习，而且也是在和他合作。

7 geographical   

adj.地理的；地区(性)的

参考例句：

• The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围內进行。
• These birds have a wide geographical distribution.这些鸟的地理分布很广。

8 luminaries   

n.杰出人物，名人（luminary的复数形式）

参考例句：

• In that day there will be no light; the luminaries will dwindle. 亚14:6那日、必没有光．三光必退缩。 来自互联网
• Includes household filament light bulbs & luminaries. 包括家用的白炙灯泡和光源。 来自互联网

9 scripture   

n.经文，圣书，手稿；Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》，《圣经》中的一段

参考例句：

• The scripture states that God did not want us to be alone.圣经指出上帝并不是想让我们独身一人生活。
• They invoked Hindu scripture to justify their position.他们援引印度教的经文为他们的立场辩护。