异类之不一样的成功启示录 第131期:假设场景

 　　The linguists¹ Ute Fischer and Judith Orasanu, for example, once gave the following hypothetic scenario² to a group of captains and first officers and asked them how they would respond:

　　语言学家乌特费舍和朱迪斯奥若萨驽曾经给一组机长和副驾设置了一系列的假设场景，让他们为当时的情景做出回应：

　　You notice on the weather radar³ an area of heavy precipitation 25 miles ahead.

　　你注意到气候雷达的提示，前方25英里将会遭遇暴风雨，

　　The pilot is maintaining his present course at Mach. 73,

　　但飞行员还在维持在目前0.73马赫的速度飞行，

　　even though embedded⁴ thunderstorms have been reported in your area and you encounter moderate turbulence⁵.

　　甚至你已经接到报告说飞机已进入雷雨区域，你们正在经历一场中度的震荡，

　　You want to ensure that your aircraft will not penetrate⁶ this area.

　　你想让飞机飞离这块区域。

　　Question: what do you say to the pilot?

　　问题：你该对飞行员说些什么？

　　In Fischer and Orasanu's mind, there are at least six ways to try to persuade the pilot to change course and avoid the bad weather,

　　按照费舍和奥若萨鲁的想法，使飞行员改变航向并避免恶劣气候的说服方式至少有六种，

　　each with different levels of mitigation.

　　任何一种都不同程度地表现了舒缓语气。

　　No 1. Command: "Turn 30 degrees right."

　　1、命令：“向右转30度。”

　　That's the most direct and explicit⁷ way of making a point imaginable.

　　这是一种最直接且最清晰的表达方式。

　　It's zero mitigation.

　　可以说没有任何修饰。

　　No 2. Crew Obligation Statement.

　　2、队友职责陈诉：

　　"I think we need to deviate⁸ right around now."

　　“我认为现在我们需要偏向左侧飞行。”

　　Notice the use of "we" and the fact that the request is now much less specific.

　　注意“我们”这个词，并且事实上这个请求已经不是那么具体，

　　That's a little softer.

　　并且略显柔和。

　　No. 3: Crew Suggestion.

　　3、队友建议：

　　"Let's go around the weather."

　　“我们复飞远离这个气候吧。”

　　Implicit⁹ in that statement is "we're in this together."

　　在这种陈述下指明“我们在一起”。

　　No. 4: Query¹⁰. "Which direction would you like to deviate?"

　　4、提问：“您更倾向于想左偏还是向右偏？”

　　That's even softer than the crew suggestion, because the speaker is conceding that he's not in charge.

　　这比队友建议更加柔和，因为发言者认为自己不是决策人。

　　No. 5: Preference.

　　5、提出选择：“

　　"I think we will be wise to turn left or right."

　　我认为向左转或向右转会更好些”。

　　No. 6: Hint.

　　6、暗示：

　　"That return at 25 miles looks mean."

　　“退到25英里以外的地方会比较好。”

　　That's the most mitigated¹¹ statement of all.

　　这是所有舒缓语气中最缓和的。

　　Fischer and Orasanu found that captains overwhelmingly said they would issue a command in that situation:

　　费舍和奥若萨鲁发现在假设情境下，几乎所有机长都会选择下达命令的方式：

　　"Turn 30 degrees right."

　　“向右转30度。”

　　They were talking to a subordinate.

　　在他们对下级说话时，

　　They had no fear of being blunt.

　　他们不会考虑语气是否生硬。

　　The first officials, on the other hand, were talking to their boss, and so they overwhelmingly chose the most mitigated alternative.

　　另一方面，副驾则是在对长官讲话，因此副驾选择最舒缓的语气来进行沟通，

　　They hinted.

　　他们选择暗示。

1 linguists   

n.通晓数国语言的人( linguist的名词复数 )；语言学家

参考例句：

• The linguists went to study tribal languages in the field. 语言学家们去实地研究部落语言了。 来自辞典例句
• The linguists' main interest has been to analyze and describe languages. 语言学家的主要兴趣一直在于分析并描述语言。 来自辞典例句

2 scenario   

n.剧本，脚本；概要

参考例句：

• But the birth scenario is not completely accurate.然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
• This is a totally different scenario.这是完全不同的剧本。

3 radar   

n.雷达，无线电探测器

参考例句：

• They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
• Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。

4 embedded   

a.扎牢的

参考例句：

• an operation to remove glass that was embedded in his leg 取出扎入他腿部玻璃的手术
• He has embedded his name in the minds of millions of people. 他的名字铭刻在数百万人民心中。

5 turbulence   

n.喧嚣，狂暴，骚乱，湍流

参考例句：

• The turbulence caused the plane to turn over.空气的激流导致飞机翻转。
• The world advances amidst turbulence.世界在动荡中前进。

6 penetrate   

v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解

参考例句：

• Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
• The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。

7 explicit   

adj.详述的，明确的；坦率的；显然的

参考例句：

• She was quite explicit about why she left.她对自己离去的原因直言不讳。
• He avoids the explicit answer to us.他避免给我们明确的回答。

8 deviate   

v.(from)背离，偏离

参考例句：

• Don't deviate from major issues.不要偏离主要问题。
• I will never deviate from what I believe to be right.我绝不背离我自信正确的道路。

9 implicit   

a.暗示的，含蓄的，不明晰的，绝对的

参考例句：

• A soldier must give implicit obedience to his officers. 士兵必须绝对服从他的长官。
• Her silence gave implicit consent. 她的沉默表示默许。

10 query   

n.疑问，问号，质问；vt.询问，表示怀疑

参考例句：

• I query very much whether it is wise to act so hastily.我真怀疑如此操之过急地行动是否明智。
• They raised a query on his sincerity.他们对他是否真诚提出质疑。

11 mitigated   

v.减轻，缓和( mitigate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The cost of getting there is mitigated by Sydney's offer of a subsidy. 由于悉尼提供补助金，所以到那里的花费就减少了。 来自辞典例句
• The living conditions were slightly mitigated. 居住条件稍有缓解。 来自辞典例句