异类之不一样的成功启示录 第196期:牙买加的白人

 　　"Ideally, they would try to be artisans. Remember, Jamaica has sugar plantations², “理想的话，他们将会成为技工。记住，牙买加有糖料种植园，

　　which are very different from the cotton plantations you find in the American South. 这些同美国南部的棉花种植园有很大的差异。

　　Cotton is a predominantly agricultural pursuit. 在那里，棉花是占主导地位的农产品，

　　You are picking this stuff, and almost all the processing was done in Lancashire, or the North. 人们在那里收获棉花，然后在兰开夏或者美国北部加工。

　　Sugar is an agro-industrial complex. You have to have the factory right there because sugars start losing sucrose within hours of being picked. 糖料是一种农工混合产品，你不得不在当地开设工厂，因为蔗糖将会在砍伐数小时后流失。

　　You had no choice, but to have the sugar mill right there, and sugar mills require a wide range of occupations. 你不得不在当地开设糖料磨坊，而这些磨坊又需要各种职业的工人，

　　The coopers. The boiler³ men. The carpenters. And a lot of those jobs were filled by colored people." 如制桶工、锅炉工、木匠，而这些工作大多都不是由白人来做的。”

　　It was also the case that Jamaica's English elite⁴, unlike their counterparts in the United States, 不像那些到美国的伙伴，

　　had little interest in the grand project in the national building. 那些来到牙买加的英国精英们没有参与到这个国家伟大的建设中，

　　They wanted to make their money and go back to England. They had no desire to stay in what they considered a hostile land. 其原因是他们只想赚够钱回到英国，并没有兴趣留在认为是自己敌人的土地上。

　　So the task of building a new society with the many opportunities it embodied⁵ fell to the colors as well. 所以建造新社会的任务以及随之而来的大量机会，就都留给了非白人。

　　"By 1850, the mayor of Kingston—the Jamaican capital—was a colored person," Patterson went on. “在1850年，牙买加的首都金斯顿的市长就不是一个白人。”帕特森接着说道，

　　And so was the founder⁶ of Daily Gleaner—Jamaica's major newspaper. “同样，牙买加的主要报纸—《每日回顾》（Daily Gleaner）的创始人也是非白人。

　　And from very early on, they came to dominate the professional classes. 很早以前，非白人就开始主导各种职业的分类。

　　The whites were involved in business or plantation¹. 白人主要从事商业和种植业，

　　The people who became doctors and lawyers were these colored people. These were the people running the schools. 而非白人则成了医生和律师，并且开办学校，

　　The bishop⁷ of Kingston was a classic brown man. They weren't the economic elite. But they were the cultural elite." 金斯顿的主教就是一个典型的棕色皮肤的人。他们并不是经济精英，但是他们却是文化精英。”

1 plantation   

n.种植园，大农场

参考例句：

• His father-in-law is a plantation manager.他岳父是个种植园经营者。
• The plantation owner has possessed himself of a vast piece of land.这个种植园主把大片土地占为己有。

2 plantations   

n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Soon great plantations, supported by slave labor, made some families very wealthy. 不久之后出现了依靠奴隶劳动的大庄园，使一些家庭成了富豪。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• Winterborne's contract was completed, and the plantations were deserted. 维恩特波恩的合同完成后，那片林地变得荒废了。 来自辞典例句

3 boiler   

n.锅炉；煮器(壶，锅等)

参考例句：

• That boiler will not hold up under pressure.那种锅炉受不住压力。
• This new boiler generates more heat than the old one.这个新锅炉产生的热量比旧锅炉多。

4 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

5 embodied   

v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 )；象征；包括；包含

参考例句：

• a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth 代表黑人青年希望的政治家
• The heroic deeds of him embodied the glorious tradition of the troops. 他的英雄事迹体现了军队的光荣传统。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

7 bishop   

n.主教，（国际象棋）象

参考例句：

• He was a bishop who was held in reverence by all.他是一位被大家都尊敬的主教。
• Two years after his death the bishop was canonised.主教逝世两年后被正式封为圣者。