万物简史 第23期:走进太阳系(1)

 　　2.WELCOME TO THE SOLAR SYSTEM

　　2.欢迎来到太阳系

　　Astronomers² these days can do the most amazing things. If someone struck a match on the Moon, they could spot the flare³. From the tiniest throbs⁴ and wobbles of distant stars they can infer the size and character and even potential habitability of planets much too remote to be seen—planets so distant that it would take us half a million years in a spaceship to get there.

　　如今，天文学家可以办到最令人瞠目的事。要是有人在月球上划一根火柴，他们能看到那个火焰。根据远处星星最细微的搏动和抖动，他们能推算出行星的大小和性质，甚至潜在的适于栖居的可能性，而这些行星可是远得根本看不见的啊--它们如此遥远，我们乘宇宙飞船去那里也要花250万年。

　　With their radio telescopes they can capture wisps of radiation so preposterously⁵ faint that the total amount of energy collected from outside the solar system by all of them together since collecting began (in 1951) is "less than the energy of a single snowflake striking the ground," in the words of Carl Sagan.

　　他们能用射电望远镜捕捉到一丝一毫的辐射，而这种辐射是如此微弱，自开始采集（1951年）以来，所采集到的来自太阳系之外的全部能量，用卡尔·萨根的话来说："还不到一片雪花落地时所产生的能量。"In short, there isn't a great deal that goes on in the universe that astronomers can't find when they have a mind to. Which is why it is all the more remarkable⁶ to reflect that until 1978 no one had ever noticed that Pluto⁷ has a moon. In the summer of that year, a young astronomer¹ named James Christy at the U.S. Naval⁸ Observatory⁹ in Flagstaff, Arizona, was making a routine examination of photographic images of Pluto when he saw that there was something there—something blurry¹⁰ and uncertain but definitely other than Pluto.

　　总之，宇宙里没有多少东西是天文学家发现不了的，只要他们愿意。因此，想起为什么在1978年之前还没有人注意到冥王星有一颗卫星，这就更为寻常了。那年夏天，亚利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫的美国海军天文台有一位名叫詹姆斯·克里斯蒂的年轻天文学家，正在对冥王星的照片作例行审查，突然发现那里有什么东西--模模糊糊、不大确定的东西，反正肯定不是冥王星。

　　Consulting a colleague named Robert Harrington, he concluded that what he was looking at was a moon. And it wasn't just any moon. Relative to the planet, it was the biggest moon in the solar system.

　　他跟一位名叫罗伯特·哈灵顿的同事讨论片刻以后下了结论：他观察到的是颗卫星。它还不是一般的卫星。相对于那颗行星而言，它是太阳系里最大的卫星。

 

1 astronomer   

n.天文学家

参考例句：

• A new star attracted the notice of the astronomer.新发现的一颗星引起了那位天文学家的注意。
• He is reputed to have been a good astronomer.他以一个优秀的天文学者闻名于世。

2 astronomers   

n.天文学者，天文学家( astronomer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Astronomers can accurately foretell the date,time,and length of future eclipses. 天文学家能精确地预告未来日食月食的日期、时刻和时长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Astronomers used to ask why only Saturn has rings. 天文学家们过去一直感到奇怪，为什么只有土星有光环。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 flare   

v.闪耀，闪烁；n.潮红；突发

参考例句：

• The match gave a flare.火柴发出闪光。
• You need not flare up merely because I mentioned your work.你大可不必因为我提到你的工作就动怒。

4 throbs   

体内的跳动( throb的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• My finger throbs with the cut. 我的手指因切伤而阵阵抽痛。
• We should count time by heart throbs, in the cause of right. 我们应该在正确的目标下，以心跳的速度来计算时间。

5 preposterously   

adv.反常地；荒谬地；荒谬可笑地；不合理地

参考例句：

• That is a preposterously high price! 那价格高得出奇！ 来自辞典例句

6 remarkable   

adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的

参考例句：

• She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
• These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

7 Pluto   

n.冥王星

参考例句：

• Pluto is the furthest planet from the sun.冥王星是离太阳最远的行星。
• Pluto has an elliptic orbit.冥王星的轨道是椭圆形的。

8 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

9 observatory   

n.天文台，气象台，瞭望台，观测台

参考例句：

• Guy's house was close to the observatory.盖伊的房子离天文台很近。
• Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.格林威治天文台的职员们每天对大钟检查两次。

10 blurry   

adj.模糊的；污脏的，污斑的

参考例句：

• My blurry vision makes it hard to drive. 我的视力有点模糊，使得开起车来相当吃力。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The lines are pretty blurry at this point. 界线在这个时候是很模糊的。 来自《简明英汉词典》